Banking is very popular today among the population. More and more citizens and organizations are turning to banks, while not necessarily being businessmen. So what types of services do banks provide today?
What is a bank?
A bank is considered a credit institution that accepts money for storage and issues it for use for a fee (credit). This is a legal entity that has its own property, obligations to contractors, customers and the state.
The activities of banks are primarily aimed at making a profit, that is, we are talking about commerce. It doesn’t matter here whether it is a state or private bank. Who offers standard banking? Sberbank It is a typical commercial bank, despite being state-owned.
The Bank of Russia, or the Central Bank, is the regulator, supervisor issuing licenses and monitoring the implementation by banks and credit organizations of a non-banking type of financial legislation. Banking is not his first priority. Yes, and he serves only commercial structures. A citizen or legal entity cannot just open an account with the Central Bank, as in any other similar institution.
Service delivery system
In all regions of the country, in all settlements there are bank branches. Where there are few people living, mainly government organizations work to ensure a minimum list of banking services.
If we consider the services of certain banks, then, in general, their offers do not differ from each other. Another thing is that under the guise of a single service, several may be offered, for example, with the issuance of a salary card, a credit card is also issued. Thus, banking services have become somewhat voluntary-compulsory.
Sample list of services
- Lending.
- Issue of payment cards.
- Opening accounts.
- One-time transfers of funds between private individuals.
- Storage of funds on deposits.
- Settlement and cash services for entrepreneurs and legal entities).
- Acceptance of payments from the population (utilities, fines, taxes).
Banking services for legal entities and individuals have their own nuances.
Thus, banks provide a wide range of services. It is difficult to talk about the level of quality: departments of even one institution can differ significantly in terms of service, as shown by numerous customer reviews. What can we say about different organizations.
Credit service
Lending is the most famous area of activity of banks. Loans are provided in cash for specific purposes or without it. Often asked to provide evidence of the direction of money for stated purposes.
Still issued credit cards. The proposed limit may increase over time if the client does not violate the terms of the contract. A fee is charged for withdrawing money from a card through an ATM. The rate on a card loan is 2 times higher in comparison with a loan issued in cash.
The lowest rate is in mortgage lending, but there you have to pay a down payment of 30% of the value of the object, which is underestimated by the bank's appraisers.
Taking a mortgage loan is burdened with the obligation to insure yourself and real estate. In addition, a client who wants to apply for a mortgage is forced to pay for many more services, which he does not even suspect when contacting the bank.All expenses fall entirely on his shoulders.
Payment Card Issue
Payment cards - a tool for access to banking services. For example, using a card, money is withdrawn from an ATM. There is no need to visit a bank branch to receive cash from your account. A payment card makes it possible to pay in institutions, shops, pharmacies, without using cash, if provided such an opportunity.
Cards are issued mainly for salaries, pensions, social payments, as a tool for managing borrowed funds. Everyone is accustomed to the fact that they are always personal, but this is not so. On plastic, there can only be a number and a date that determines the period of its use.
Those who want to have a personalized card with a personal photo and an additional service package first deposit the amount according to the price list. The price of such a debit card can reach several thousand rubles per year.
Additional bonuses are offered, for example, a refund of part of the funds to a special account for those who pay with a card in an affiliate trading network. Privileges can be very different.
The issue of debit cards is widespread. They only store the personal funds of the owners, they are issued for a fee or without it, the only thing that is paid by the client is the commission for withdrawing funds or replenishing the account in cash through the terminal, but it is minimal. The practice of issuing multiple cards to manage one account.
Account Opening
An account is opened for managing the funds of the bank's client: money is credited to it, debited, and also issued if payment orders are available in accordance with the instructions of the account holder. Banking services to individuals, as a rule, provides for the issuance of a card when opening an account. Without it, an account is possible, but a card without an account is not.
If an account is opened for an organization, a corporate card may be issued.
By the way! A fee is taken for opening an account, with the exception of a loan, through which credit debt is repaid. Charging a commission in this case will be illegal.
Opening an account for an individual is much easier than organizing. The bank will need to present an additional package of documents, they will be asked to fill out the paper, provide a sample signature, etc.
Opening accounts is included in the comprehensive banking services of organizations and individuals.
One-time transfers between private individuals
If there is a need to transfer funds without opening an account, the bank will gladly provide a service. As in all other cases, the bank employee will ask for the passport data of the sender and recipient.
Transfer rates can range from a few hours to several days. If money is transferred from card to card, then the client-bank system will carry out the procedure in a matter of seconds when it comes to intra-bank transfer.
The way out is to use the terminal through which you can deposit funds to the account almost instantly, knowing the details or the number of the recipient's plastic card.
All transfers between legal entities must be made in the presence of accounts. Actively used "client-bank", but without a paper payment order can not do.
Storage of cash and things in the bank
A deposit, or a bank deposit (it’s more correct), is the transfer of money for a term and at a percentage specified in the agreement.
Two options are offered:
- money is returned no earlier than the specified date;
- the deposit is returned at any time with underestimated interest payments.
If you terminate the deposit agreement concluded according to the first option, the bank will not pay interest for the time that the money was at the disposal of the bank.
Deposit - a way to save savings or increase them. The higher the proposed rate, the higher the risk of losing a deposit is a sign that the institution is on the verge of ruin and closure.
Banks provide deposit boxes for storing valuables for a fee in accordance with an agreement.
Settlement and cash services
It represents a complex of services, starting with opening an account, issuing a card and conducting an operation on a client’s account.
Legal entities open an account regardless of the type of activity, entrepreneurs solely at their own request. True, some of them are forced to do this by tax legislation, because legal entities, in some cases working with individual entrepreneurs without a current account, are deprived of some benefits.
Here, the terms of banking services differ only in price - from several hundred rubles a month to several thousand.
What is included in the CSC?
- Account opening.
- Issuing a card.
- Transfers to counterparties, payment of taxes, expenses of the account holder.
- Storage of funds.
- Issuing an electronic digital signature for managing an account: remote banking services on the Internet are opened through it.
An individual entrepreneur is formally entitled to withdraw money directly from his account, in practice, for this purpose, a simple debit account is opened to which money intended for withdrawal is transferred.
RKO is paid either in advance, or monthly withdrawals are provided. Sometimes one of the conditions is the constant availability of the agreed amount on the balance sheet.
Acceptance of payments from the population
In each bank, it is proposed to pay for services of various kinds, from utility services to one-time purchases. How are payments made? Via:
- terminals;
- ATMs
- cash operations;
- through the Internet.
Banking fees are immediately taken. Prices can not be called the same, because even one bank in different regions has a different policy in terms of remuneration for its services.
The terminal replaces the usual cashier. In the interface, you need to find the desired service, enter the details (account number, full name of the account holder) and insert the bills into the receiving device.
How to pay via ATM? A card is inserted, a service is selected, consent is given to transfer the amount - and the client receives a paper check. It is also issued when using the terminal.
Some organizations that provide services over the Internet offer to pay for their goods or services using payment cards. The card, phone number are entered in the field, consent is given, and money is debited from the card. Confirmation is given by sending SMS to the specified number.
The system for paying taxes and fines works the same way: through a personal account on the website of the tax service or bank. Details are filled in, confirmation is given by SMS message.
Payment through the cashier is not so popular: time is wasted filling out receipts and orders.
Payments using a terminal or an ATM are allowed only to private individuals, that is, an entrepreneur has the right to spend money in this way only for personal needs. The expenses associated with the business are drawn up in accordance with the rules of settlement and cash services.
Internet banking
It represents the maintenance of a bank account through the use of Internet technology.
The client is given a login, a long-term password, which gives access to your personal account - an electronic version of the services. It contains information about the state of the account or accounts (if there are several), the amount of available funds and what operations were carried out.
Remote banking allows you to manage your money without leaving home, or even being in another country.
Now, without visiting the bank’s office, you can draw up a card by submitting an application via the Internet. She along with a copy of the contract is sent to the client by mail or courier. Replenishment of the account is provided through terminals or ATMs, including other banks.
Banking Agreement
Whenever the letter of the law requires it, operations are carried out on the basis of an agreement between the client and the bank. The banking service agreement for each service is concluded separately.A full range of services is provided as part of a comprehensive service under a single contract.
The agreement is in writing, violation of the form leads to the invalidity of the document.
The client has the right to refuse service at any time at his own discretion. Only one who has no debt to the bank is entitled to refuse a loan.
The most commonly proposed model document. You can familiarize yourself with it on the organization’s website.
In banking documents, references are often given to the rules for the provision of a particular service, and by signing the contract, the client agrees with them. And it doesn’t matter if he read them before or not.