Elektrostal is a small industrial city located in the Moscow region. Forty kilometers separates it from the capital. The nearest neighbors of the administrative region are Noginsk and Pavlovsky Posad. On the western side of the village is surrounded by forest tracts. In the east, the river Vohna flows.
History reference
The date of foundation of the municipality is 1916. During this period, large industrial enterprises appeared on the territory of the modern city. The electrometallurgical plant began work. The population of Elektrostal gradually increased. Until the beginning of the XIX century, several villages were located on the site of the settlement.
After the start of factory conveyors, a railway line was brought to the city. She led to Moscow. The city received its current name in 1938. At that time, the population of Elektrostal was almost forty thousand people.
Natural conditions
The municipality is located in a zone of temperate continental climate. Winter in these parts is cold and snowy, and summer is rainy and not hot. The average January temperature is -17 ° C. In July, the thermometer reaches 30 ° C. The maximum value is 37 ° C, the minimum is -45 ° C. The smog that has tightened the sky of the city absorbs up to seventy percent of sunlight, which indicates an unfavorable environmental situation. The population of Elektrostal is often sick.
Doctors annually record an increase in pathologies of the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems. High infant mortality. The main pollutants recognized chemical emissions of industrial enterprises. They are concentrated in close proximity to residential areas. As the population of Elektrostal continues to increase due to the migration flow, the distance between the city and the industrial zone is shrinking.
Residents
Since 2009, the number of citizens has been gradually increasing. This is not facilitated by natural growth, but by the colossal migration flow coming from other regions of the Russian Federation and from the former socialist republics. The number of inhabitants exceeded the border of 150,000 people. At the same time, the indicator of able-bodied citizens is growing. Their share is seventy percent of the total population of Elektrostal. The average age of a typical city dweller is 41 years. There are more women in the village than men. The difference exceeds ten percent. Moreover, the number of ladies is constantly growing. This is due to the high mortality of men who work in hazardous work.
Currently, nine babies are born per one thousand people, and approximately 16.5 adults die. The priority direction of the local authorities is to improve the demographic situation in the region and to increase the population of Elektrostal.
Wealth
The average salary of citizens is lower than the income of Muscovites. About a third of residents receive less than 19,000 rubles per month. Forty percent of the electricians earn up to 45,000 rubles. Every fifth receives more than 50,000 rubles. The average salary is about 30,000 rubles. The cost of renting a one-room apartment is 15,000 rubles.
The employment level of the population of Elektrostal (the number in 2017 amounted to 158 508 people) exceeded seventy percent. This indicator is considered one of the highest in the Moscow region. In the all-Russian rating, the municipality is on the fifth line. Functioning plants create jobs. There are dozens of small factories and production workshops.They produce building materials, food, upholstered and cabinet furniture, and clothes.
Employment
As part of the population calculation of the city of Elektrostal, it was revealed that about 4,300 people work at the Machine-Building Plant. There are 6,200 employees in the shops of the Elektrostal metallurgical complex. More than two thousand specialists are on the staff of the Elektrostal Heavy Machine-Building Plant. The segment of the food industry is represented by combines for the production of tea products, milk, bread and meat products.
Shopping and entertainment centers, concentrated in the center and new quarters of the city, provide the rest of the population of Elektrostal in the Moscow Region with earnings. About 3,000 people work in shops and cafes. Many travel to Moscow. Moreover, the standard of living in the municipality is considered low. The city has a high crime rate. Annually, representatives of law enforcement agencies investigate more than two thousand crimes committed on the territory of Elektrostal.
Recreational opportunities
Since migration flows to the city attract a large amount of labor, the population of Elektrostal is constant. At the same time, able-bodied citizens aged thirty to forty years dominate. For them, all conditions for recreation. There are cinemas "Sovremennik", "Gallery of cinema", "Domino", "Solaris".
There is a museum of local lore. The city’s authorities are restoring the surviving churches and building new churches. The city is growing and developing. The Avangard paintball field and the Metallurg indoor swimming pool, tennis courts and bicycle paths were put into operation.
Statistical data
How many people were there in Elektrostal at the beginning of the 19th century? We will answer this question! In 1931, the city had about nine thousand inhabitants. This parameter increased annually until the early nineties. In 1993, it amounted to 152,000, which is a thousand less than in 1992. In 1994, the number of citizens decreased to 151,000, in 1995 to 150,000. In 1996, 149,000 electric steel was registered.
In 1997, the natural decline was 1,000 people. The decline in the population of Elektrostal continued until 2002. At that time, the city was inhabited by 146,000. Stable population growth came at the end of the two thousandths. In 2009, the number of citizens increased to 146 327, in 2010 to 155 196, in 2011 to 155 300 people.
In 2012, 155 705 were recorded. In 2013, the number of electric steel exceeded 156 558, in 2014 reached 157 409 people. Peaks in fertility occurred in the eighties of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century.
Education
The city has several dozens of secondary schools and kindergartens. Applicants are invited to higher educational institutions, which are branches of metropolitan universities and academies. Local youth enters Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics, Moscow Open University, Russian State University for the Humanities, New Humanities Institute, Moscow Institute of Public Administration.
There are many colleges and institutions of secondary vocational education. There are specialized schools, as well as an Orthodox classical gymnasium.
Religious composition
The main religion of the inhabitants of Elektrostal is Orthodoxy. The community was founded in 1990. The first active church, in which the services were held at that time, was the church of Andrei Rublev. Until this period, she served as a kindergarten. In 2001, the foundation was laid for a modern religious complex.
The city has a strong Muslim community. There are representatives of other faiths, but they are in the minority.
Social protection
The material assistance, which is drawn up by the employees of the city social protection authority, is received by the following categories of residents of Elektrostal:
- large families;
- persons with disabilities;
- Orphans
- the poor;
- pensioners, lonely old people;
- students
- widowers;
- older people over 85 years old.
Arrivals from the former Soviet republics are paid a lifting allowance as part of the resettlement program for compatriots. They are assisted in finding housing, employment, registration of children in kindergartens and schools. The priority of the migration service is ethnic Russians. Due to the uncontrolled flow of visitors from Moscow, ethnographers note an increase in the share of representatives of the Azerbaijani, Armenian, Gypsy, Ukrainian diasporas.
In most cases, they live apart and work in the capital. They also conduct active entrepreneurial activities in the field of trade and public services of Elektrostal. They contain vegetable, groats and grocers, small shops of inexpensive clothes and toys. Sell building materials, repair cars. Engaged in passenger and freight transportation.
Forecasts
According to statistics, the region has favorable development prospects. The natural population decline is a thing of the past. Today, the number of children born is growing rapidly, and infant mortality is gradually decreasing.
Due to the large number of labor migrants, the age coefficient is steadily decreasing. There are fewer retirees than able-bodied people. The weight of the social burden is reduced, which helps to improve the quality of life in the region and indirectly affects the increase in fertility.
The number of families raising two or more children will soon reach the indicators that were recorded in the eighties of the XX century. The number of women in labor over the age of thirty-five years is increasing. This is due to the late registration of the marriage, as well as the development of medical technology in Elektrostal. The number of maternal deaths during the birth process was almost halved.