Salary is the remuneration of an employee for labor activities. A person during the performance of any work one way or another expects monetary compensation for the physical and time resources expended. At the same time, the salary should not be less than the subsistence level regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
When getting a job, a person should be aware of all the details related to this topic, so that they could not deceive him, and he received everything that is due under the law.
What is salary and what is its difference from salary? The answer to this question will appear in the course of studying the submitted material.
Concept in labor law
Salaries (wages) in our country are regulated by a number of legislative acts and laws:
- Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
- Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- Specially prescribed separate laws.
The legal basis of this issue determines the minimum wage rate, terms of payment of wages, the procedure for penalties and incentives, special measures for non-fulfillment by the employer of his obligations to issue wages and the like.
Salary Elements
Salary is a combination of three elements:
- The fixed part is the salary (we will touch on concepts a bit later).
- The variable part - is modified in relation to the actions of a particular employee, type and class of the enterprise, and even geographical location. For example, residents of the regions of the north should receive a special allowance due to harsh living conditions. The variable part represents a certain share of the salary (from 15 to 100%) based on their residence in a particular region.
- Additional payments - related to the season, production features or the performance of work that are not specified in the employee’s employment contract.
For example, employees of some enterprises are paid cash compensation for food. Covering the cost of travel to the vacation destination is also an additional payment, because this happens extremely rarely.
Differences from salary
So what is salary? Let's try to understand in more detail the concept that interests us.
Salary is the so-called base from which they are repelled when calculating wages.
What is the difference between salary and salary? Firstly, tax deductions are primarily based on salary. Secondly, corresponding increases in the case of processing can be calculated. From there, deductions for damage to property or other fines are deducted, incentives or bonuses are added.
It is interesting! Ukrainian salary is an official salary.
As a result, salary is what the employee gets on hand. It can be either less or more salary. As a rule, the size of the salary is agreed in advance for a certain amount of hours of work, but if an employee during the process exceeded the norm at the request of his superiors, working overtime, he should be compensated for this.
What salary is clearly regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation? It is a fixed value, which is necessarily prescribed when drawing up an employment contract with an employee and a salary change is hardly possible. In order for the concept under consideration to change its size, a number of conditions are necessary. One of them is the Order. Salary in this case, or rather, its change will be appropriate. But the salary is the calculated amount, so it is not prescribed in advance anywhere.
The employee should carefully monitor the amount of the salary, because sometimes the employer writes off damage to materials or equipment due to the deduction of monetary compensation for the employee, although the latter is in fact not guilty of anything (indirectly or directly).
For such a gross violation of laws, you can sue the employer.
The work of counselors in the summer camp can serve as the most striking example of such an event. Some property damage is deducted from the salaries of new carers when the administration does not verify the departure of the previous shift.
The employee has every right to be aware of all deductions of his salary.
So what is salary in an employment contract? After all, everyone knows that for some important reasons and in some cases, drawing up this type of agreement is simply necessary. Whether the concept and size and other characteristics are indicated in it, we will consider further.
In the employment contract must be spelled out the salary of the employee, the procedure for its calculation and increase.
As a rule, the salary is calculated on the basis of the wage system, which happens:
- non-tariff - wages are calculated based on the total profit of the company;
- tariff - the employer evaluates the results of the employee’s work based on the agreed norm and the time of development;
- mixed - the employer takes into account the total profit of the company and the contribution of a specific employee to it.
Some nuances of an employment contract
In Russia, salaries are most often calculated according to the tariff system. At the same time, the experience and qualifications of the employee, which are prescribed in the labor contract, must be taken into account.
It is worth remembering that in this written document only the established salary of the employee is indicated, but the final salary can differ significantly from him, both up and down.
Some employers prescribe a mixed payroll system in the contract, which is very relevant for the sales sector, when the salary depends on the results of the work of a talented specialist.
Rate concept
A wage rate is a certain fixed amount calculated when a wage is paid to an employee per unit of time.
Usually the rate is indicated in the staffing table and is equal to one.
It does not depend on the level of qualification of the employee, his length of service, education or age, while the question of what is the salary would have been answered by these criteria.
But these concepts also have something in common: both values cannot be less than the minimum amount agreed upon by the state.
Salary functions
Salary carried out the following functions:
- Motivational is the main function for the employee, because wages make it possible to satisfy needs. People would not have to waste their time on labor without monetary reward.
- Reproduction - is closely related to the stimulating function, but contributes to the good of the enterprise: the employee must be in good physical shape and good nutrition. Members of his family should also not need anything so that he can fully concentrate on his work responsibilities. Adequate financial reward increases the productivity of the employee and ensures the smooth operation of the enterprise.
- Stimulating - the employee must understand when going to work that his salary directly depends on the indicators of labor activity. For such purposes, the employer provides the employee with labor instruction, marks achievements and encourages the employee to exceed them, for example, with a bonus.
- Status - the amount of wages is determined by the qualification of the employee, his experience and knowledge. The amount of material compensation reflects a person’s place in a particular social group.
- Production and business - the employer takes into account the contribution of each employee to the total production costs.
- Regulatory - employees and subordinates must interact effectively.
Pay system
The procedure for remuneration of labor are all measures that financially reward the employee for his labor.
In this case, it is necessary to take into account all the hours spent and the final results, as well as the quality of work. Organization of remuneration in our country depends on:
- pay systems;
- forms of remuneration;
- labor rationing.
Finally
Now you know what salary and salary mean, their differences and functions. When hiring, be sure to negotiate all conditions with the employer and carefully monitor their implementation.