Traditionally, we call parking for the word "parking" or "parking". But what is parking? Large engineering structures, both underground and aboveground, often of a multi-level type, which are intended for temporary storage of cars, are called parking. Thus, “parking” is a modern kind of parking lots.
What is parking?
In scientific terminology, parking (parking) is the process of translating a technical tool, including a car, into a static idle state in a specially designated place. In everyday life, the word “parking” refers to places of temporary car parking agreed with the authorities. At the same time, the term “parking lot” is more often referred to as large specially designated areas for car storage. And parking, as a rule, is one of the elements of the road network, and has a much smaller area and capacity. Usually, parking means simple areas or places where you can leave your car for a while.
Parking also refers to large engineering structures, both underground and aboveground, often of a multi-level type, which are also intended for temporary storage of cars. Thus, the question of what parking is, can be answered as follows: "parking" is a modern kind of parking lots.
Although in scientific understanding, all three terms - “parking”, “parking” and “parking” - are almost synonymous.
Why is the problem of building parking lots more urgent
The constant tendency to urbanization, to the population moving to cities, as well as an increase in the number of private cars, leave less and less space where you could park your car. While in Western countries the peak of motorization has already been practically reached, and the popularity of public modes of transport is growing, in our country traveling on your personal car is becoming the norm for most residents. This is facilitated by the constant rise in prices for public transport, the policy of the federal authorities and the tendency towards individualization of the population, which began after the collapse of the USSR and continues to the present.
In many cases, this even leads to a deterioration of the environmental situation, as more trees and other greenery are being cut down for car parking and parking. The number of traffic jams is growing, and car owners are increasingly under stress.
Centralized parking lots for Western countries have long been not uncommon. In our country, they are now also resorting to more and more often. Investments in the construction of parking lots in cities are now very profitable in economic (and even environmental) terms. After all, the presence of several levels and the possibility of location underground gives good space savings.
Parking Design
Now centralized parking lots are being designed at the construction stage. Especially if it is stations, airports, large shopping centers, theaters. To calculate the number of car seats, the SNiP criteria and other parameters are used. When designing parking lots, professional specialists are involved.
But in our country, unauthorized parking is still not uncommon, for example, under the entrances of multi-storey buildings. Where parking has not been created, cars are parked in the most convenient parking spaces.
Varieties of parking
According to the duration of storage of the vehicle and the mode of operation of the parking lot are divided into the following varieties:
- Temporary - designed to find the car for a short time. They are often paid.
- Permanent. Used to store vehicles for a long time. Usually they are fenced and guarded.
- Seasonal They work only during the holiday season, therefore they are typical for recreation areas.
By the nature of the location of the parking lot, there may be:
- Overhead. This can be a fenced area with a high fence, a covered building or a parking zone with individual spaces.
- Underground. They can be located on one or more underground floors and located under buildings or structures. When creating such a parking, it is mandatory to take into account special requirements prescribed in SNiP.
- Parking areas on buildings. Usually they are built on houses with a small number of storeys, since the higher the roof of the building, the more difficult it is to deliver a car there. For lifting and lowering machines use elevators, escalators and special rides. Typically, such parking is used in large shopping centers and offices.
Ground parking is the easiest and most traditional way to organize parking. Usually this area is fenced and has a gate for cars. At the gate there is a kiosk to pay for the place, and the cashier, as a rule, is also the guard of the vehicles left. However, in the conditions of a deficit of the territory now more and more often they prefer special constructions for parking (i.e. parking).
Parking can be ground, underground or combined type. Often these are multi-level designs. As a rule, such structures are covered. In addition to the actual parking lot, there may be workshops and other additional objects.
Parking fees
The benefits of parking are obvious. But what about the price of parking? Maintenance of parking lots, as well as their construction, is much more expensive than open parking lots. All this, of course, is reflected in the prices for a place for a car. The price for parking in the most modern multi-level parking can be calculated in huge amounts. And the marketing cost of parking in monetary terms is very high.
The most prestigious parking in Russia
If you do not take foreign countries, then the most prestigious parking is Moscow parking. For example, there is such a multi-level parking on Sevan. It was built with the support of the People’s Garage program. Another multi-storey complex for car parking and with developed infrastructure is on Letnikovskaya. A number of new parking complexes are being built - Moscow parking lots.
The most advanced parking option is considered to be a structure equipped with a special elevator lift for cars to the parking place.
What is taken into account during the construction of parking
Modern parking lots are quite complex structures, the construction of which requires careful preliminary preparation. Initially, a construction project is being developed. This is a complex and time-consuming process, comparable to the development of projects for the construction of buildings or engineering structures. This takes into account various factors, both technical and legal. Such work can only be done by professionals.
The set of necessary documents is similar to that which is collected before the construction of residential buildings. As practice shows, the quick payback of parking complexes makes them an attractive investment target.
The project documents indicate the maximum parking capacity, area and estimated level of income.
Multi-tier parking is a major type of building. They have a wide passage, a facade, allocated places for cars. The parking lots provide ventilation, video surveillance, fire safety system, alarm system, lighting system and other amenities.All this attracts a greater number of customers and distinguishes parking from conventional parking lots, including paid ones.
When organizing a parking lot, customers ’requirements such as:
- 24-hour security system for cars and people.
- Lighting and flooring quality.
- The presence of entry and exit passages.
- Adequate parking space in the parking lot, i.e. a sufficient amount of space reserved for the car.
There are additional requirements for such parking lots:
- The presence of a heating system and climate control.
- Ventilation device, waterproofing, environmental control.
- Ensuring the smooth operation of mobile communications.
- Providing a better overview, which is achieved by a greater height of the ceilings, high-quality lighting, a greater width of the entry and exit zones, individual design solutions.
Most often, in underground parking lots there are no more than three levels, since a greater number of them are considered economically inexpedient and may be limited by local legislation.
What is the opinion of Russian motorists
Underground parking provides more conditions for car owners than parking or parking, so parking reviews should be better. However, in our country, the parking system is poorly organized, which is reflected in the large number of negative comments of motorists.
Thus, the article answered the question of what parking is.