What is GEF? Deciphering the abbreviation is of interest to kindergarten teachers and school teachers. Currently, a significant reform is taking place in domestic education. GEF is introduced into the education system. What are standards? Let's try to understand the essence of this term, its main purpose.
Abbreviation Features
GEF - what is it? This is a federal state educational standard. The document is considered the basis for programs, the development of the content of each academic discipline. This act was created on the basis of the law on education adopted in 2012.
Important aspects
An explanation of the word GEF has already been given. Previously, the educational and upbringing process was regulated by the CRP. The new document contains all the requirements and norms of knowledge transfer, according to which educational and educational work should be carried out.
The relevance of the implementation of second-generation standards is due to the need to transfer the basic attitudes to the younger generation. They are the key to success in modern political and economic conditions.
Features Requirements
What does GEF consist of? Decoding of the abbreviation is understandable, now it is necessary to find out which components are included in this document. It consists of three elements:
- program content for specific disciplines;
- norms that are imposed on the conditions for conducting educational and pedagogical work;
- regulation of educational work in the course of educational activities
Fields of application
The decoding of competencies in the Federal State Educational Standard depends on the field of scientific knowledge, the particularity of the educational institution. Currently, in all state kindergartens and schools, teachers work on the basis of second-generation standards.
Higher education institutions that do not have state accreditation work according to their programs. But they do not have the right to issue state diplomas to graduates.
The main provisions of GEF are taken into account by the developers of educational and methodological literature, as well as representatives of commissions specializing in monitoring the activities of educational organizations.
Key Approaches
What are the basic principles of GEF in early childhood education? An explanation of this term is given in the document itself. Under the new law "On Education," kindergarten is considered the first mandatory step in the process of education and training of the younger generation. The state now not only guarantees the availability of high-quality education at this stage, but also the transition of all preschool institutions of the country to the Federal State Educational Standard. What are the distinguishing features of this document?
For the first time in Russian history, preschool childhood was considered to be a self-valuable educational level aimed at developing a successful personality.
Key setting standard
What is the GEF aimed at? What is the key installation of this document? Its essence is to support the diversity of childhood by creating conditions for the social situation of children and adults.
What is GEF in kindergarten? The interpretation of this term is given earlier. It follows from this that preschool education implies certain goals:
- ensuring by the state equal opportunities for each child to receive high-quality preschool education;
- guarantees from the state of the level and quality of education on the basis of the unity of mandatory requirements for the conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs, their structure and development results;
- preservation of one educational space in the entire pre-school education of the country.
Purpose of the standard in DOW
Continue the conversation about GEF? What is this regulatory document? The standard is aimed at providing each child, regardless of property, territorial differences, with the possibility of an adequate and necessary level of development for subsequent high-quality education in primary school.
Principles of GEF DOO
Consider the basic principles of the new document. Among them:
- supporting the intrinsic value and uniqueness of childhood as an important stage in the overall development of a person;
- living as a kid of the main stages of preschool childhood;
- creating an optimal situation for the full development of the child, taking into account his personality.
Standard requirements
This document puts forward the following groups of requirements:
- to the structure of the DO program;
- program implementation conditions;
- the results of the development by pupils of the DO program.
A developmental environment should maximize the use of educational opportunities. Its accessibility consists in the availability of kindergarten facilities for children, in which the direct process of education and development is carried out. Unlimited access for preschoolers to materials, toys, games, and manuals is also supposed.
The content of the program should include the following educational areas:
- communicative development of values and norms established in society;
- development of self-regulation in ongoing activities;
- the formation of social experience: empathy, emotional responsiveness to the older generation.
Features of the introduction of GEF at the main stage of education
In addition to preschool organizations, the GEF NOU is currently developed. The interpretation of this term is the federal state educational standards of primary general education. The peculiarity of the document regulating the activities of the modern primary school teacher is in a detailed description of all the requirements for a graduate of the second stage of education.
What do GEF NOU look like? The decoding of the abbreviation is already known to you, now let us dwell on those qualities that a graduate of an elementary school should have.
By “graduate model” is meant the result of the implementation of new standards. It is a guideline for building a modern educational process, thinking over the general structure, individual elements.
The law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, the Federal State Educational Standards of Public Educational Institutions, and the educational program of the school also act as a normative base for its creation. The model can be considered a dynamic system, systematically changing, improving, filled with updated content. For the success of a graduate in modern social conditions, the formation of the following competencies is necessary:
- skills in processing a significant amount of information;
- communication skills;
- the desire to constantly acquire new knowledge.
The following settings are also needed:
- initiative in gaining new competencies;
- desire and ability for organizational, technological, social changes;
- social activity;
- diligence and teamwork;
- adaptation to new social conditions.
When drawing up a “model portrait” of a graduate, one must take into account the tasks that the country faces. First of all, GEF NOU is a document that aims to revive national, family, ethnic traditions. Particular attention is paid to the moral and spiritual aspects, there are three areas:
- personality;
- family;
- social.
The updated standard (2009) proposes the following model of a primary school graduate:
- loves and respects his land, people, country;
- accepts family and social values;
- different curiosity, activity, interest in knowing the world around him;
- owns the skills of independent organization of the educational process;
- I am ready to be responsible for the committed acts before society and family;
- shows goodwill in relations with other people, within the framework of the conversation, substantiates the position, patiently listens to the interlocutor;
- fulfills the basic requirements of safe behavior, owns the skills of a healthy lifestyle.
Also, GEF NOU contains the main learning outcomes at the initial stage:
- meta-subject (communicative, cognitive, regulatory);
- personal (moral and ethical orientation, self-determination).
The second group includes the following indicators: self-esteem, self-esteem, social and educational motivation, moral assessment of actions.
The future fifth-grader in the framework of meta-subject-oriented student education should be distinguished by their readiness for independent actions, be skilled in dialogue, and show goodwill towards other people.
The formation of such a model requires the teacher to systematically improve their skills in certain areas:
- designing educational activities;
- organization of work of schoolchildren;
- information competence;
- assessment system.
Conclusion
The main technologies that are necessary for the successful implementation of new educational standards in kindergartens, schools, colleges and technical schools are:
- problem education technologies;
- ICT
- system-activity approach;
- differentiation.
Currently, the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education is underway. The decoding of this abbreviation differs from primary education only in the second part. These are standards designed for higher professional education. They are a comprehensive generalized social norm of a “hard” and meaningful type on the part of the state in certain areas of training, degree of qualification, and profile of future specialists.
Such a document allows to provide a single space in higher education, to control its quality. FSES HPE is the basis for an objective assessment of the functioning of domestic educational institutions that are engaged in the implementation of higher professional education programs.
When developing and approving such standards, the following conceptual parameters are taken into account:
- application of definitions and specific terms;
- creating requirements for the results of the development of OOP in the form of competencies in personal, social and professional activities;
- thinking over goals taking into account the direction of training;
- orientation of the created standards to “output indicators”.
Innovations are aimed at granting the right to educational state organizations on the basis of a typical document to introduce a variable component in their work. This has a positive effect on the final educational and educational result, and allows the formation of competitive graduates of schools and higher educational institutions.
In the transition from the traditional system of upbringing and training of the younger generation to the new federal standards, significant changes have also occurred in the content of manuals and textbooks. Despite the fact that serious discussions regarding the results of such innovations continue in the teaching and scientific environment, the first positive results can already be noted. Among them - increasing the independence and social responsibility of the younger generation, the formation of patriotism and an active citizenship in children and adolescents.