Fiscal registrar: what is it, device, setup and registration

Let's talk about an important device for an entrepreneur. Let's see what it is - a fiscal registrar. In continuation of the topic, we will consider which module of the cash register equipment it is considered to be, how it differs from the CCP and the fiscal drive. We will also provide recommendations for choosing the most suitable model of equipment for you.

What is it?

What is a fiscal registrar? This is a device that is designed to save data on cash transactions for further verification of this information by the tax office. The information is compared with that indicated by the entrepreneur, LLC in the reporting of activities. If the data diverges, then recalculation is carried out.

The wide and narrow meaning of the concept

What is a fiscal registrar? We also give two definitions of a device:

• In a broad sense: a hardware module of a cash register machine that allows you to record information about payment transactions made at the checkout. The most important thing here: control of the amounts that consumers paid for a particular product or service.
• In the narrow sense: an external hardware module (most often presented as a separate device), which is connected to a cash register to save data on the calculations made.

Types of devices

And we continue to analyze what it is - a fiscal registrar. Devices are divided into two categories:

• External modules that are connected to the CCP (cash register technology).
• Built-in modules. Based on the name, the manufacturer has already placed them in the cash register device. The check in this case will be processed by individual modules.

As a rule, users note that external devices are better than built-in in the following areas:

• Fast processing of payment transactions. The reason is that external recorders have their own computing elements.
• Self-printing of paper checks.

Leading manufacturers

Under Russian law, entrepreneurs and organizations can legally operate in their activities only those online cash desks that are included in the list compiled by the Federal Tax Service. It includes the following device manufacturers:

• "Spark".
• "Pilot".
• Evotor.
• Trinity.
• Service Plus.
• RR-Electro.
• "RP-System".
• Pay Kiosk.
• "Microtech".
• "Pioneer Engineering".
• Orion Utah Trade.
• "Meter".
• "Alpha Project".
• "Crystal Service Integration".
• "Treasurer".
• Spark Service.
• "Atol".
• "Computer-cash systems."
• "Barcode M".
• "Accountmash".

CCP and registrar

Cash register and fiscal registrar "Atol" - which is more important? The registrar is the main component of the CCV. The cash desk will only complement it. Today's fiscal registrars ("Atol" and others) today can be connected to both computers and mobile devices.

Accordingly, the laws on CCV will be “adjusted” to the technical characteristics and capabilities of registrars.Previously, their alternative was EKLZ - electronic control tapes protected. But from July 1, 2017, these devices are considered obsolete. Cash equipment has become equipped with fiscal registrars. Their main advantage: allows you to transfer data to the tax office online. The intermediary here will be the operator of fiscal data.

Cashier's work under this law

Today, the new rules for working with cash register equipment came into force. The seller must ask the consumer what type of check the latter wants to receive: paper, electronic or both. It must be remembered that a paper check must be provided even when the buyer does not ask for it (according to Federal Law No. 53 adopted in 2003 - part 2, article 1.2). An exception to the rule will be only online stores. After switching to online cash registers, they are authorized to issue only electronic checks.

How to send an electronic document (check) to the buyer? It can be sent to an email address, phone number. For this, a program that reads QR codes is successfully used. In other cases, the check is sent from the personal account to the OFD.

The first option presented is good when data entry is possible. The second - if it is possible to read two-dimensional codes (the presence of an appropriate scanner). The latter - with the reality of access to the cashier's personal account.

The standard scheme of work of online cash desks

Connecting a fiscal registrar, respectively, is also possible for online cash registers of virtual stores. The scheme of work here will look like the following algorithm:

1. Formation of a check by a fiscal registrar.
2. Recording information about the calculation to the fiscal drive.
3. Processing the information received by the fiscal drive, transferring information to the fiscal data operator.
4. Receiving a check by a data operator. Sending them a special signal to the fiscal drive, indicating that the check was received.
5. Processing by the fiscal operator of information, sending it to the tax office.
6. Sending an electronic check by the cashier to the email address or phone number of the consumer of the product or service.

Differences drive and registrar

The devices of the fiscal registrar and the fiscal drive are completely different subjects of conversation. Denote the difference.

A fiscal drive is often one of the components of a recorder device. In other words, it is an analogue of the once popular ECLZ. It receives the data of a cash receipt, processes it in a certain way, and then signs it with a fiscal sign. What's next? Check data and a fiscal tag are sent by the device to the fiscal data operator. From it, the drive already receives a special receipt (also signed with a fiscal sign, but already an operator) and saves the information on the check in its memory.

Most important: drives have to be replaced with new ones as the expiration date of the fiscal attribute key expires. In most cases, the period is limited to 13 months, only in rare cases to 36 months (for sellers in the so-called special modes). As soon as the device’s memory runs out, it must be replaced with a new one. If the seller does not do this (information will no longer be transferred to the inspection), then the cash register is blocked by law, and the store cannot work.

A fiscal registrar with a built-in drive is able to turn any cash register into an online cash register. There are cash registers with fiscal drives already in the system.

From July 1, 2017, IP cash registers in the Russian Federation are required to contain such a drive. Especially for this, many manufacturers have developed budget models for small businesses.

Registrar Error

Correct setup of the fiscal registrar frees the device from errors? It's not just her. The device is usually equipped with an error recorder.In the event of a malfunction, this indicator lights up in red, and a code is sent to the operator through the software. This type of problem is determined by this cipher.

The error can be related to both the program and the equipment itself. Common examples are as follows:

• Error of the device (for example, cash desk "Barcode-M") when printing a receipt.
• The receipt printer is not connected (therefore, printing of these documents becomes impossible).
• Memory or fiscal storage errors.
• Complex system errors.

The most common way to solve the problem is to reset the equipment to factory settings. In some cases, it is necessary to check whether the cables are well connected. Only rare problems require more complex manipulations, the participation of the master.

Tips for purchasing, registering a device

We also give expert advice to entrepreneurs, commercial organizations:

1. From July 1, 2017, it is necessary to use only online cash desks in work. According to the principle of conventional CCPs, they do not need to be technologically serviced (Federal Law No. 54 of 05.22.2003).
2. Online CCPs are selected according to the instructions of the Federal Tax Service - MMV-20-20 / 33, published on April 3, 2018. If the device does not meet the requirements of the law, then the businessman faces a fine of about 30 thousand rubles (Code of Administrative Offenses, part 4, article 14.5).
3. You should definitely check the period of use of the fiscal drive, as well as the version of the data format. It is also important for an entrepreneur to pay attention to the requirements of Russian legislation - Federal Law No. 54, adopted on May 22, 2003 (Clause 6, Article 4.1). They are different: entrepreneurs on UTII have the right to operate the drive with a "shelf life" of 36 months, and entrepreneurs combining the general regime and UTII must change the drives every 13 months.
4. Pay attention to the data format version of the selected cash register. Starting from January 1, 2019, devices of the format 1.00 will be automatically deregistered. Only the work of cash registers 1.05 will be recognized as legal.
5. Registration of the fiscal registrar in the regional branch of the tax service is a prerequisite for the operation of the apparatus by decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court No. 16, adopted on July 31, 2003. If an entrepreneur, organization continues its work at an unregistered cash desk, then under the Code of Administrative Offenses (part 2, article 14.5), they face a fine of about 30 thousand rubles.
6. It is more correct and easier to choose an online cashier from a ready-made register of the Federal Tax Service. Experts recommend staying on such a device, which comes with basic software (software) and a fiscal drive. In this case, these components do not have to be purchased additionally.
7. It is desirable that the device "skillfully" work without the Internet. Here, with an unstable connection (or its absence), the seller will have the opportunity to punch checks. As soon as the connection is restored, such a device will independently send to the operator of the Federal Tax Service data on checks that were issued during the failure.
8. Users are also advised to dwell on models with ready-made bases for the check item list. This will help save time - you do not have to enter the details manually.

If you already have an online cashier ...

Do you already have a Shtrikh-M cash desk or a similar device from another manufacturer? Please note the following:

1. If you are already using the online cashier for your business, we recommend that you check the version of its fiscal drive. If this is 1.0, then the problem is easy to solve: contact the developer of the device to transfer the CCP to 1.05. If you manage to make a replacement before the beginning of 2019, then you will not need to change the drive to a new one and re-register the cash desk itself.
2. Online CCPs, fiscal drives, portable cash registers should be repaired only in specialized service centers recommended by equipment manufacturers.

We figured out what is called a fiscal registrar, how this device works. They also gave advice on its acquisition, registration and operation.