Many parents of children born on the territory of the Russian Federation adhere to the point of view that they do not need to obtain citizenship at all. In fact, this is a logical approach, because children born to parents with Russian passports are citizens of the Russian Federation. However, it is necessary to go through this procedure. How to get citizenship by birth? What difficulties can arise during registration?
Why do I need to apply for citizenship
If the parents of the child born are Russians, then he has an unconditional right to obtain citizenship. But in this case it must be certified. If one of the parents is a citizen of a foreign country, we are already talking about acquiring citizenship by birth. These procedures were approved back in 2002 by decree of the Russian President No. 1325.
Confirm or acquire Russian citizenship is not necessary if you have:
- general civil, foreign, diplomatic or official passport of the Russian Federation;
- birth certificate with a citizenship mark or with a special insert.
Obtaining citizenship by birth is not necessary for children who were born abroad, if they have an appropriate insert or a Russian birth certificate. This right of parents is described in 444 decree of the President of the Russian Federation.
The presence of Russian citizenship allows you to:
- get a passport for a child;
- put an appropriate mark in the passports of parents;
- register at the address of the place of residence;
- to study for children in kindergartens and schools;
- draw up maternity capital.
Citizenship of a child born in Russia
If the baby was born within the Russian Federation, then his parents can confirm Russian citizenship by birth in the following cases:
- Both mother and father have Russian passports.
- One parent has Russian citizenship, and the other is stateless or his whereabouts are not known.
- Both mother and father live in Russia, but are stateless.
- Both mother and father are citizens of another state, but they cannot apply for his child’s citizenship.
Citizenship of children in mixed marriages
If one of the parents of a child born in the Russian Federation or abroad has Russian citizenship, then he claims it. This is stated in Article 14 of the Federal Law on Citizenship of the Russian Federation. In addition, the second parent, who is not a citizen of the Russian Federation, must give his written consent.
What is a proof of citizenship
Over the years, documents proving Russian citizenship have changed. However, today they have equal legal force, although they differ markedly in form.
For children born in 2007 and later, a stamp on citizenship is put on the birth certificate. In the period from 2002 to 2007, the migration service issued special inserts. Until 2002, there were no special documents. It is important to note that if you have a citizenship insert, you do not need to stamp the birth certificate.
What documents will be required
In order to put citizenship on a birth certificate in 2017, it is necessary to collect a package of documents that includes:
- application form for registration of the status of a citizen of Russia in connection with birth (the form is allowed to fill out both on the computer and by hand);
- birth certificate and photocopy;
- general passports of parents with their photocopies.
If the child was born before 2002, but for some reason Russian citizenship was not issued for him, the situation is a little more complicated.The package of documents will consist of the following documents:
- birth certificate of a child;
- application forms for the presence of minor citizenship of the Russian Federation;
- copies and originals of general passports of parents;
- certificates of permanent registration of mother and father on February 6, 1992.
If one of the parents is a foreigner, he fills out the consent for the child to obtain Russian citizenship in the established form.
Where to file documents
To affix citizenship on a birth certificate, you must contact the following authorities:
- Regional branch of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Migration at the address of the current place of residence Branches function in almost all large settlements.
- Diplomatic or consular institution of the Russian Federation abroad. Persons residing abroad legally may apply here.
Typically, an application is considered almost immediately when submitting documents. This applies to cases where citizenship must be confirmed. But if you need to acquire citizenship, for example, when one parent is a foreigner, the application is considered for a rather long time - from 3 months to six months.
Where is the citizenship in the birth certificate?
The stamp is usually placed on the back of the certificate in the upper left corner. Although it is possible to affix it on the front side in the left or right upper corners. It has a rectangular shape, inside which is written “Acquisition of Russian citizenship” and the date of its affixing is recorded.
Possible difficulties
The procedure described above is very simple and straightforward. However, no one is immune from difficulties.
Problems can arise when one parent does not have a Russian passport. If there is a good objective reason, he must provide supporting documentation. This applies to cases such as loss, theft of a passport. In these situations, the parent must submit a police certificate.
Other circumstances are also possible when the identity of the second parent cannot be presented, namely:
- divorce of spouses;
- lack of information about the place of stay;
- official refusal to issue a passport;
- death.
Under these circumstances, a certificate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is attached to the application form, confirming the fact that the second parent has Russian citizenship on the date of birth of the child. A certificate of divorce or death, a certificate of refusal to issue a passport or lack of information about the whereabouts of the parent will also be required.
If unforeseen circumstances arise when it is impossible to obtain documents from the second parent, you should send an appeal to the migration service. Its employees can use the archives and restore information.
Some important aspects
Native citizenship is issued a little more complicated when the child was born before 2002 and there is no way to submit a residence permit certificate on February 6, 1992. In this case, the certificate can be replaced by the following documents:
- extract from the house book;
- work book;
- registration card in form 9 or 10;
- military card;
- a document from a medical institution or educational organization.
If the child is over 14 years old, but has not yet reached the age of majority, he will be required to consent to entry into Russian citizenship, certified by a notary. But until the child’s 14th birthday, only parents can deal with citizenship. Adults must also contact the migration service on their own.
The procedure for obtaining Russian citizenship is one of the simplest and most understandable. Despite the fact that the child has citizenship from birth, it must be certified in the prescribed manner. During its implementation, of course, difficulties can arise. In particular, it may be necessary to obtain the consent of a second parent who is not a citizen of the Russian Federation.But in this case, you need to contact the migration service directly.