The system of pension insurance of the Russian Federation since 2002 is based on the fact that the basis of the pension is the contributions that employers pay for the employee. To become a member of the pension system and receive payments, you need to register an individual personal account of the insured person. It will reflect all the information necessary for calculating a pension: length of service, periods of employment, place of work, insurance premiums and points. This information is completely confidential and is used according to the rules presented for data storage.
Pension structure
The size of future pension savings is affected by the size of the salary with which contributions to the Pension Fund are paid, the time of applying for a pension (on time or in time). In addition, “non-insurance” periods in life are credited to the experience. Calculation of them is carried out using special coefficients.
“Non-insurance” periods include periods:
- military service;
- caring for a child, a disabled person, an elderly relative;
- obtaining disability benefits;
- custody;
- residence of family members of diplomats abroad for no more than 5 years.
Information about all these periods is reflected in the individual personal account of the insured person.
When to retire?
It is better to apply for payment later than the deadline. For each year of “delay” the amount of insurance and fixed payments increases by the corresponding coefficient. For example, in case of circulation after 5 years, the indicated amounts will be increased by 36% and 45%, respectively, and after 10 - by 211% and 232%, respectively.
All accumulated savings are reflected in the individual personal account of the insured person. They will be fully paid taking into account the income from investing. The amount of savings intended for payment is calculated as follows: the amount of savings is divided by the estimated period of payments. As of 2017, it is 240 months. The payout structure has not changed either. Citizens receive lump-sum, urgent payments and accumulated savings. The latter are not indexed and completely depend on the results of investment.
Pension rights
Starting from 2024, the minimum length of service for receiving insurance payments will be 15 years. As of 2017, it is eight years old and is increasing annually by a year. Persons who by 2024 will not have enough insurance experience will be able to apply to the FIU only for social benefits upon reaching 60 (65) years. Eligibility for insurance benefits arises between the ages of 55 and 60.
The second condition for receiving funds is the formation of pension rights in the amount of 11.4 points in 2017. After 9 years, this figure will be 30 points. If a person is given a disability group, then he will immediately be assigned an insurance pension (if he has at least one day of service) or social benefits.
For entrepreneurs and other categories of the self-employed population, the amount of pensions is calculated according to the algorithm described above.
Pension Options
Although, by law, citizens can form their own choice between insurance and funded pensions, since 2014, by decision of the Russian government, all contributions are directed to insurance payments. Payments are transferred at a rate of 22% of payroll.
For citizens born in 1966 and earlier, pension savings can additionally be formed through a program with financing, maternity capital. Such citizens do not have the opportunity to choose a security option.
Persons with respect to whom the transfer of contributions has begun for the first time since 2014 can, within 5 years, conclude an agreement on voluntary pension insurance and apply to the non-governmental PF, UK, and VEB. The latter can place the savings of citizens in bonds of the Russian Federation, Russian issuers. After making changes to the register of insured persons and the satisfaction of the selected investment program by the Pension Fund, the option of pension provision changes.
In addition, persons who have chosen the option of forming a pension before 31.12.15 can change it at any time.
Savings Insurer
In addition to the (non) state PF, savings companies also accumulate savings. A complete list of accredited insurers is available on the Bank of Russia website. The insured person must choose a company that will engage in the formation of savings, and by December 31 of the current year, submit an application to the FIU on the change of the insurer. The document can also be sent by mail, transmitted through the MFC.
A few words about maternal capital
To obtain a certificate, you need to fill out an application in the PFR office or on the website in your account. The decision to provide a certificate is made within a month. If it is positive, then the document can be obtained at the FIU or at the MFC. To do this, you must provide:
- Statement.
- Passport.
- Birth / adoption certificate of a child.
- Proof of citizenship of the child.
Materiel funds can be used to improve housing conditions, pay for a child’s education or form a pension.
SNILS
The Pension Fund of the Russian Federation registers Russians, foreigners and stateless persons in the Compulsory Insurance System (OSI). An individual account with an insurance number - SNILS is opened for each participant in this system. With its help, information is collected on the receipt of services, benefits, and municipal institutions carry out identification of citizens who apply for a passport, receive social assistance, etc.
In SNILS the following data is indicated:
- individual personal account of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- FULL NAME;
- Date of Birth;
- date of registration in the OPS.
Each registered citizen is issued a “green card”. A copy of this document must be presented at employment and appeal to all authorities.
SNILS is needed not only for adults, but also for children. Firstly, some of them still receive a pension. Secondly, all children enjoy benefits: free meals at school, preferential medicines, trips to sanatoriums, etc. Some categories of children even attend circles in the supplementary education system more often.
Parents can issue SNILS for a child through the MFC or the FIU. He can do it on his own when he is 14 years old. To draw up a document, you need to provide a passport or birth certificate and fill out personal data. The card is issued within four weeks, although in some areas the time is reduced to a few minutes. If one parent submits the application, then the second parent can pick up the card if they have their passport and documents of the child (birth certificate).
Employed citizens can apply for SNILS through the place of work. To do this, the employee must fill out a special form in the personnel department. Within two weeks from the date of signing the employment contract, this document is transmitted to the FIU for registration with the OPS. Another 2 weeks are allotted for card issuance and account registration.
Data update
SNILS has no expiration date. It is assigned once to a specific person and no longer changes. That is, the number itself cannot be lost, but the card can be.
Keep the document as carefully as the passport is not worth it.Indeed, under SNILS it is impossible to get a loan. Recovering a lost document is very easy. It is enough to contact the employer with a statement on the issue of a duplicate. Individual entrepreneurs and non-working citizens will have to apply for a new card to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. A duplicate is issued within a month.
In the case of a change of surname SNILS must be updated. You can do this in the ways described above. The individual personal pension insurance account will remain the same, just a card will be issued for a new surname.
Account structure
An individual account consists of two parts. The general part contains the following data:
- insurance number of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- Surname and initials;
- floor;
- date and city of birth;
- location;
- passport or identity document details;
- citizenship;
- date of registration in the OPS;
- periods of activity that fall into the experience;
- periods of work in special conditions, areas of the Far North.
In the same part of the individual personal account are indicated:
- salary on which contributions are accrued;
- the amount of insurance premiums accrued, paid and received;
- amount of pension capital, information on its indexation;
- installation of labor pension, its indexation;
- information about closing a personal account.
The special part of the individual personal account of the insured person contains the following data:
- contributions to the funded part of the pension;
- information about the company (UK) that manages the account;
- information on annual transfers of savings;
- data on the temporary movement of funds until they are reflected in the personal account;
- information on income and expenses from investing;
- information about the transfer of savings between the UK, in the (non) state PF;
- payments due to savings.
There is also a professional part of the account, which contains information on the additional amount of insurance premiums, investment income, professional experience and payments.
Savings Information
Every Russian has the right to apply for information on the amount of savings. This service is provided free of charge once a year. The PF notification on the status of the individual personal account is presented in the form of an extract in the form of SZI-6 on paper in the territorial branch of the PFR. At the request of the citizen, this data can be sent by registered mail.
The service for informing applicants is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law "On Individual Accounting in the OPS System". Data must be provided within 10 days from the date of receipt of the request.
Multifunctional centers
To be notified, an applicant must:
- Contact the MFC with the appropriate request.
- Get a receipt on the application.
- Wait for an extract or notice.
MFC employees must accept the request from the citizen and transfer it to the FIU, in which:
- data verification is carried out;
- a request is recorded in the case log;
- an extract is formed
- extended notice of the status of an individual personal account or refusal to provide data.
Reasonable reasons for refusing to provide information are the absence of one of these documents:
- passports
- powers of attorney (if the appeal is drawn up through a representative);
- SNILS.
Appeal
Applicants may appeal the decision of the FIU. To do this, the applicant must make a written or electronic complaint and send it to the state agency. The document must contain:
- name of the territorial branch of the FIU;
- Name, address of residence, contact details of the applicant;
- information about the appealed decision;
- arguments to challenge the decision (in the form of missing documents).
If the complaint is transferred to the territorial branch of the FIU, the applicant must provide his passport. The document can be sent electronically via the FIU website or a single portal. A copy of the SNILS and other documents should be attached to the letter in order to challenge the decision.
When submitting a complaint through the PFR website, other supporting documents may also be submitted in electronic form and signed with an electronic digital signature. However, an identity document is not required.
If the decision of an official is appealed against the refusal to receive an extract from the individual personal account of the insured person, then the complaint is transmitted to the head of the territorial office. If the decision of the head is appealed, then to a higher authority. The term for consideration begins from the moment of registration of the document. A complaint may also be filed through the MFC. In this case, the center’s employees should transfer it to the FIU as soon as possible.
The grounds for submitting a complaint are:
- Exceeding the deadline for registering a request or providing a service.
- The requirement of other documents to obtain an extract.
- Refusal to accept documents or provide a service.
- Requirement of payment for the provision of services.
- Refusal of an official to correct errors in submitted documents.
After reviewing the documents and satisfying the complaint, the applicant is sent a response stating:
- name of the territorial branch of the FIU;
- decision and grounds for its adoption;
- Name of the insured person.
Alternatives
How else can I get to know about the state of the individual personal account of the insured person?
An account statement (BOS) can be obtained at Sberbank branches. But not at all. A detailed list of branches is presented on the PFR website at this address:
“About PFR” - “PFR Departments” - Select District - Select Region - “About Branch” - “Reception Points”.
Also, information on the status of drugs can be obtained on the website of the State Service. An individual personal account and information on the movement of funds on it will become available immediately after registration in the Single Portal.
Employed citizens can receive information on the contributions paid to the FIU from their employer. To do this, it is enough to request a 2-NDFL certificate.