Disabled since childhood: groups, benefits, pensions and benefits for disabled children and their parents

Only a few disabled children can fully restore their health. After coming of age they have to look for work to feed themselves and their loved ones, but due to health problems their social adaptation is impaired, and career prospects are not too good.

Some categories of citizens need especially enhanced social support, which should be provided by the state. Particular attention is paid to disabled people since childhood. In Russia, the law provides for various rights, and, in addition, benefits for social assistance to families who raise a disabled child.

Child disability

Disability of a child is an incredible grief not only for himself, but also for his close relatives. In order to make their life a little easier, the state is developing laws that relate to various areas, for example, medicine, pension and housing, labor law, education, taxes and the like. For example, a pension is provided for children with disabilities. Let's consider this question in more detail.

Who is awarded the status

Government Decision No. 95, published officially on February 20, 2002, defines the procedure for recognizing citizens as disabled. This status can be obtained not only by adults, but also by children who have not yet reached the age of majority. The conditions for recognizing a citizen as disabled are as follows:

• The presence of serious pathologies of the body systems that were caused as a result of birth defects or any circumstances, for example, injuries, diseases and so on.
• Serious deterioration in the quality of life. In this case, we are talking about the inability of a person to self-service along with difficulty in moving and social dysfunction.
• Excessive need for social protection.

With simultaneous compliance of a citizen with all of the above conditions, a person may be recognized as disabled. In the event that a citizen is recognized as such before coming of age, then he receives the status of a disabled child or a disabled person from childhood. Adults who have become disabled after eighteen years of age are assigned the category of disability.

Earlier in Russia there was such a thing as a “disabled person since childhood”. A similar status was obtained by citizens who received disabilities before coming of age. Since 2014, the category of “disabled children” has ceased to be a legal status. Today, after reaching the age of eighteen, a child with a disability gets the corresponding disability group. Anyone who has been granted abolished status before the onset of 2014 has the right to previously introduced benefits for disabled people from childhood.

Children with disabilities: state assistance

The state provides financial support to all needy Russian citizens, which is reflected in the provision of pensions to them. In addition, there are the following options for benefits for people with disabilities since childhood:

• Benefits granted to working parents or guardians who care for a disabled person.
• Providing housing benefits.
• The provision of social support in the form of organizing special education and training systems including.
• Providing benefits for the movement and use of public transport.
• Granting the right to rehabilitation, and, in addition, to medical support.
• General reduction in tax burden.

Each of these areas provides for its own assistance, clearly prescribed in federal, and, in addition, in regional laws.

Pension for disabled children

According to the Federal Law No. 166 related to pensions, people with disabilities can receive social benefits, as well as additional allowances.

A monthly payment to non-working persons who provide care is provided in the amount of 5,500 rubles if they are relatives and care for a disabled child of the first group. Non-native people receive 1200 rubles for care. Only a pension is granted to disabled children of the 3rd group, but benefits for guardians are not provided.

Thus, all of the above groups of individuals can count on monthly financial support from the state. At the same time, they can receive social benefits.

The government gives parents the right to refuse social services in favor of benefits for children with disabilities, whose amount is incommensurable with the price of medical procedures or rehabilitation in a sanatorium. Last year, all payments were indexed. Social pensions indexed back in April by one and a half percent.

Working relatives, along with the trustees of a sick child, can count on a reduction in their insurance experience. The term for caring for a disabled child is counted as the total length of service, due to which parents and, in addition, guardians can retire much earlier.

Consider the rights of a disabled child.

What are the housing benefits?

A full list of diseases that gives disabled people with the opportunity to receive additional square meters is given in Government Decision No. 817.

The family in which the sick child lives has the right to receive fifty percent discounts on the following services:

• For rental housing.
• For utilities. For example, for electricity, water, heating and so on.
• For communication services. The benefits to disabled children are important.

In addition, such families are a priority for local authorities in the distribution of housing for the poor and needy. According to Russian law, citizens suffering from serious illnesses primarily seek housing, among which the following ailments are distinguished:

• The presence of serious psychological disorders, for example, schizophrenia.
• The development of pathologies of the central nervous system that cause disturbances in the normal functioning of the musculoskeletal system, for example, with cerebral palsy.
• The presence of open tuberculosis or HIV.
• High grade kidney disease.
• Other dangerous diseases.

The right to expand housing is available not only to children with disabilities, but also to their relatives.

Benefits of using public transport

People with disabilities from childhood and their accompanying citizens are entitled to free use of public transport, which runs on urban or suburban routes.

For disabled children, the state provides free travel to places of treatment or rehabilitation. The possibility of budget travel is provided for both parents and social workers. But this rule only works if the first group of disabled people is accompanied from childhood, group 3 cannot count on this.

In addition, the first and second groups receive a fifty-percent discount on travel by air, river, rail transport annually from October to May. Such a discount is provided only once during the year in any of the selected periods.

In order to receive benefits, you must present a pension certificate at the time of purchase.Social guardianship bodies for relatives issue a special certificate. The provision of this benefit does not apply to the use of taxis.

Rehabilitation and education of children with disabilities

Children with disabilities of groups 1 and 2 have the right to receive education in various institutions:

• Educational structures of a general type. For example, during their admission to kindergarten, a disabled child is given the right to extraordinary admission, while his parents are not obligated to pay for education.
• Organizations of a specialized type, which are in the absolute care of the state.
• Private organizations. In this case, payment is at the expense of parents or guardians.

In addition, persons with disabilities can receive education or home education. Every sick child has the right to undergo an individual rehabilitation program, which includes spa treatment and a whole range of other medical services.

Parents, along with the guardians of a disabled child, have the right to receive free medications and funds to undergo procedures prescribed by doctors. In addition, the Government allocated some funds for the provision of free prostheses, wheelchairs, orthopedic products, and so on.

We examined disability payments for childhood. And what benefits do parents get?

Benefits for parents and guardians

In favor of parents involved in raising a disabled child, certain benefits are provided. The state prohibits the use of a number of measures in relation to parents, and, in addition, to the guardians of children with disabilities:

• It is forbidden to refuse the above categories of citizens in hiring due to the fact that they have an incapable child in their upbringing.
• Sending a guardian or parent on business trips, or forcing overtime.
• Reducing the wage of the mother of a disabled child along with her dismissal. The exception is cases in which the company is liquidated, and the employer simply has no choice.

A person in whose care is a disabled child can work part-time. In addition, he can have four additional days off per week, along with leave at his first request for up to fourteen days.

In the event that the mother of a disabled child raised him before the age of eight and she does not have work experience, then she has the right to add this time to her work experience. The retirement age in this case is reduced to fifty years, provided that the person has a work experience of fifteen years.

According to article No. 28 of the law “On Labor Payments”, fathers are entitled to such a pension from fifty-five years old with a working experience of at least twenty years. True, only one of the parents can use this benefit.

Granting tax benefits

For parents, as well as for guardians of children with disabilities, the Tax Code provides for the following benefits:

• The provision of monthly deductions of personal income tax from the amount of parents' salaries. The size is three thousand rubles per parent. Or the size of the payment can be six thousand rubles per parent in the event that he is raising a child alone.
• Other deductions, for example, to pay for the treatment of a sick child.
• Exemption of a disabled child from property taxes.

Benefits for children with disabilities who enter the university

In the event that the child has passed the entrance exams, then he can count on his admission without taking into account competitions and certificate data. True, a significant drawback is that in some educational institutions there is a restriction associated with the state of health. Therefore, in a similar situation, admission to study at the appropriate institution may be denied.Nevertheless, upon receipt of children with disabilities in educational institutions, they are provided with the following benefits:

• A child with a childhood disability can get to the budget without passing entrance exams.
• Subject to the successful passing of exams, admission is carried out in accordance with the established quotas for budget training.
• In the event that applications were submitted with the same number of points, then the one who has the benefits passes.

It should be noted such a moment that the benefits are provided only once. For this reason, it is important to choose a school carefully. As part of admission to any educational institution, the following documents are required to receive benefits:

• Application for admission to the university.
• A document confirming the right to receive benefits.
• Identification Passport.
• The conclusion of the medical board on the condition of the potential applicant.
• Conclusion confirming the absence of any contraindications.

Conclusion

Thus, in order to receive money that will allow children with disabilities to adapt, many difficulties will have to be overcome. Over the past years, the state has been trying to develop programs aimed at helping sick children who find themselves in such a difficult situation. It is expressed mainly in material form, which makes it possible to significantly improve the standard of living of such a child. When developing programs, it is taken into account that parents or guardians also lose their full lives. The legislation annually makes the necessary changes that relate to state support for children with disabilities in order to make their lives better.

We examined the conditions for the provision and amount of pensions for children with disabilities.