Do you own a free apartment in which no one lives? She is idle, and you spend a lot of money, time and effort on its maintenance? It's time to stop it and make real estate a source of income! How to officially rent an apartment and what is needed for this? You will find answers to these questions in this article!
Consider the benefits of lawfully renting an apartment
1. The conclusion of the contract. This will help to avoid many unforeseen expenses and can even save you from big problems. We all know that employers are different. Some are very clean, honest and tidy. Others are reckless and irresponsible, and even scammers are also found. It is the latter category of people that can cause you many problems. Therefore, look closely at the identity of the employer. There are times when tenants take out property and equipment from an apartment, spoil repairs and furniture. To avoid this, it is necessary to conclude an apartment rental agreement between individuals. A detailed inventory of the property, which at the time of the delivery of the apartment is in it, must be attached to it, to describe the shortcomings that exist. It is also important to indicate in it who will be responsible for equipment breakdowns, damage to repairs, and so on. It is important to indicate the passport data of the employer in this document!
2. No additional costs. Who should pay utility bills? Phone bills? The Internet? Did you spell it out in the contract? If not, you will have to deal with your employers in fact. Note that not all of them are willing to pay these costs, if you have not discussed this in advance. Your tenants could plan the amount you agreed on and put it off from your salary. And when the kilometer bill for a telephone or a communal apartment comes, they will refuse to pay, or they will not have money, because they plan all expenses in advance. And you will be left with nothing.
3. The impossibility of a scam. You rented an apartment to a student girl, and 15 workers live there? If you decide to rent an apartment officially, then this situation does not threaten you. Otherwise, everything is possible!
4. You are clean before the law. What could be better? In the Russian legislation it is prescribed that if you want to rent an apartment, then you should pay tax on income from renting an apartment. If you want to avoid payment, then you will face a fine, and in some cases even criminal liability! Do not bring to this. Rent an apartment legally!
We figured out the benefits. It's time to go to step-by-step instructions.
Step 1: preparing the room
First you need to assess the degree of readiness of the premises for delivery:
- Check all the equipment that is available. Perhaps something is not working and needs to be replaced. So that later there would be no showdown with tenants.
- It is also worth evaluating whether there is enough furniture in the house and in what condition it is. You may need to buy something. Since the more the apartment is equipped, the more expensive it can be rented out, which means that the income from renting the apartment will be greater.
- If the apartment has not been renovated for a long time, do it. It is not necessary to buy expensive materials. The main thing is that they are reliable. Pay attention to wiring and plumbing! Protect yourself and future residents.Situations are different, no one is immune from circuit wiring and pipe breakthrough. But you can make little effort and minimize risks. Think about the consequences. An apartment in which there was a fire or a flood is unlikely anyone will want to rent. So, you will lose income from renting an apartment. As well as the money that you invest in repairs. Because it is not a fact that the employer wants to compensate you for the damage. Be sure to include in the lease agreement between individuals an item on similar circumstances, and write down the responsible persons!
- Take away all your valuables. Clean the apartment to look clean and comfortable. Now there is a great demand for comfortable apartments.
- Prepare all the necessary documents, as well as liquidate debts for utilities, if you have any.
Step 2: study the real estate market
The apartment is ready to receive new residents. But what is the price to set? The task is not easy for those who do not know what to rely on. But we will tell you!
So, everything is very simple. You need to open several sites where people post ads that want to rent an apartment for a long time. Next, find the apartments located in the area in which you rent the room. Find similar repair, interior and filling options. And focusing on prices set by other owners, set your own.
Step 3: find a tenant
There are two options:
- You can rent an apartment without intermediaries. In this case, you will have to do an independent search for a tenant, answer all calls about the apartment arena, and there are usually a lot of them.
- The second option is renting an apartment through a real estate agency. In most cases, agents will not charge you for this service. Nowadays, the commission to intermediaries for the search for housing is usually paid by the employer. What is good rental apartments through intermediaries? The advantages of this method are that you save your time on finding customers, talking with them. Minus one, but significant. It will take a long time to wait, because not all potential tenants are willing to pay a considerable, as a rule, commission to realtors. If you still decide to rent the apartment without intermediaries, then place an ad in the newspaper about the rent of the apartment, on your page on the social network, on popular Internet sites. Be sure to attach quality photos of the room. In the ad, indicate that you want to rent an apartment for a long time. And wait for calls.
Step 4: showing the apartment to potential tenants. Discussion of all the nuances
After you find potential tenants, you will need to meet with them so that they look at the apartment and understand whether it suits them or not. And also you should evaluate future landlords and understand whether you want to rent an apartment to these people, or better to look for others.
If everything suits you and future employers, then it's time to discuss all living conditions. Size and date of payment. The procedure for payment of utilities, Internet, communication services and other, if necessary.
If you have definitely decided to rent an apartment to these people, then it's time to proceed to the conclusion of the contract.
Step 5: conclusion of the contract
It is very important to conclude a contract of employment and prescribe all the nuances. The contract is your "airbag." Because it contains your rights, the responsibility of the tenant. That is, if something happens to your property, you will not have to spend personal savings on restoring the original situation of the apartment. Because it is the employer who will compensate the damage and bear all the costs if the damage happened through his fault.
What items are important to write in the contract?
1. Surname, name and patronymic of the employer.
2. The address of his registration and all passport details.
3. Who can live together with the tenant in this apartment.
4. Can a tenant re-rent the apartment to someone else (sub-rent).
five.Who is responsible for damage to property.
6. In which court to resolve disputed issues.
7. Be sure to carefully fill out the address of the object to be hired. It is better to write it off from the certificate of registration of law.
8. Your passport details, address of registration.
9. Number of certificate of state registration of law.
10. Also indicate contact numbers, so that between you and the tenant could be instant communication. Because the situations are different.
11. An act of inventory of the apartment and the property located therein must be attached to the contract. Prescribe flaws, if any.
12. It is also important to determine how often you can check the condition of the apartment (as a rule, no more than 1 time per month).
13. It is important to provide on what basis the contract can be terminated or extended.
Attention! Before filling out, carefully study the tenant’s passport. What you should pay attention to?
Validity. You can conclude a contract with a person whose passport is invalid, and then it will be difficult to prove anything.
If you doubt the decency of the citizen and want to make sure that there are no problems with the passport, you need to go to the website of the Federal Migration Service and check the document for authenticity. Anyone who has access to the Internet can do this. Is free!
You can also check the tenant on the website of the bailiffs for debts. It is absolutely legal and free.
The next step is to compare the photos from the passport with the face of a real employer. There are situations when people try to draw up a contract in the name of another person, taking possession of his documents. Be carefull!
If you still have doubts, then you can ask the future tenant for a copy of the income certificate to make sure that he is able to bear the costs of paying for the apartment.
It is advisable to make a copy of the employer's passport. If any other people will live with him, it is important to indicate their passport details, as well as their full name. Be sure to take a copy of their passports.
How to officially rent an apartment if it has 2 owners?
It often happens that several people own one apartment. What to do in this case?
First, get the consent of all owners for the change. Further, there are two scenarios.
Consider the least expensive option, which does not require additional costs. Follow the algorithm above, however, remember that the contract must be signed by all owners with their own hands!
For a number of reasons, for example, if one of the owners lives in another city and cannot come to conclude an agreement, you can use option 2 for renting an apartment. How to officially rent an apartment in this case?
Act according to the algorithm above. However, you will need an additional document, i.e. a notarized power of attorney from the owner. It will be spelled out that you can individually rent an apartment and receive money for it.
Please note that such a power of attorney is not done for free! You will have to pay. And as a rule, quite a substantial amount.
Is it possible to rent an apartment located in a mortgage?
Indeed, this is a fairly popular question among owners of an apartment purchased under a mortgage program. How to officially rent an apartment in this case? To get started, you need to enlist the permission of the bank for such actions. If it is received, then proceed according to the algorithm. No difficulties in this case will arise.
However, there are situations when borrowers hide the fact of renting an apartment that is in a mortgage. What threatens them?
Firstly, a fine from the state for tax evasion. Secondly, the sanctions of the bank. He may require early repayment of the loan. Or write you a fine.
Taxes paid by the owner of the rented apartment
In Russia, the tax on the rental of property is equal to the tax on personal income and is 13%. If the lease term does not exceed 11 months, then the individual does not pay the state fee.
What if the property has several apartments intended for rental?
In this case, you should register as an IP. In this case, the tax amount will be different. You can choose the tax system that you like best. Namely:
- Simplified system. In this scenario, the tax will be 6%.
- General system. In this case, the tax amount will be considered as follows: 15% x Income from renting an apartment - Costs.
What documents are needed to rent an apartment?
1. Passport of the owner / owners of the premises.
2. Certificate of state registration of law.
3. Two printed contracts.
4. If your choice is to rent an apartment through an intermediary, then you need a contract if you have concluded it with him.
How to withdraw money from tenants?
- The easiest way is cash payment and transferring money to your hands. But he is not the most reliable. Because you can make a mistake when recounting funds. Sometimes there are counterfeit money in circulation. In addition, with such a transfer, it is necessary to draw up a document stating that the lessee transferred the funds to the owner, and the owner received them. Simply put, the act of receiving and transmitting money or a receipt. Therefore, it is better to automate this process.
- Bank transfer Arrange with tenants to transfer a certain amount of rent money to your account. It is very convenient. You can always take a bank statement and resolve disputes over finances, if any. In addition, you will reduce errors that may occur in cash.
Helpful hints:
- Insure the apartment and property in it before renting out! This does not require large investments, but it can save you from many troubles and additional costs in the future. Currently, there are many companies on the market that are engaged in this type of activity. If you wish, you can insure even civil liability.
- Closely monitor the date of payment of taxes. You must do this before 1.04 of the following calendar year. Otherwise, you will have trouble with the tax office, fines and penalties. So, you will incur additional costs. You need it?
- Be sure to send a copy of the contract to the tax authority immediately after signing the document!
- And most importantly - do not violate the laws of our country!