The acronym CEB means a complex of serological studies, during which it is possible to confirm or exclude the presence of the causative agent of syphilis in the human body. The danger of this disease lies in the fact that it can be asymptomatic for a long time (even for years). Meanwhile, irreversible changes occur in the human body during this time, in particular, internal organs are destroyed.
Indications
DAC is a laboratory test prescribed for patients with syphilis symptoms. The following signs indicate the active life of pale treponema (the causative agent of the disease).
- The presence of chancre on the genitals. This is a dense and painless neoplasm with smooth edges.
- Insomnia.
- A constant feeling of weakness.
- Violation of appetite, up to its loss.
- Frequent episodes of headache.
- An increase in body temperature to subfebrile values.
- Pain in the muscles and joints.
- Pale rash throughout the body.
It is important to know that a CSF blood test is a study that is prescribed not only in the presence of syphilis symptoms. There are other indications for its conduct.
- Erratic sex.
- Diagnosis of health status before any type of surgical intervention. Doctors need to know whether they need to take safety measures so as not to become infected with a dangerous disease.
- The period of bearing a child. DAC is an analysis whose positive result is the reason for abortion. This is due to the fact that the causative agent of syphilis poses a serious threat to the fetus.
- Pregnancy planning. As part of a conscious preparation for bearing a child, an analysis of DAC is necessarily assigned. This allows you to timely identify pathology and take all necessary measures to combat it.
In addition, the study is conducted as part of annual preventive examinations.
Training
The result of the analysis depends on compliance with the recommendations of the doctor. The study requires careful preparation.
- The last meal before the delivery of biological material should take place no later than 10-12 hours. At the same time, dinner should be easily digestible. As for pregnant women and people suffering from diabetes, you need to refrain from drinking any liquids except pure still water.
- 2 days before the study, it is necessary to abandon physical activity or reduce their intensity to a minimum.
- For several days, you need to stop taking medication. If this is not possible for health reasons, it is necessary to inform the doctor about this.
DAC is a study on the result of which even a psycho-emotional state can affect. Doctors recommend sitting before the blood donation for 15 minutes near the office and try to relax and calm down as much as possible.
Biomaterial sampling and research
Venous blood sampling algorithm standard:
- the paramedic puts a tourniquet on the forearm (just above the elbow);
- the specialist processes the skin in the alleged puncture zone with an antiseptic;
- the final stage is the insertion of a needle into a vein, removal of the tourniquet and the collection of biomaterial.
The tube is labeled in the presence of the patient and sent to the laboratory. There are several methods for studying biomaterial. Currently, the most common blood test for DAC MR. Biological material is examined for a microprecipitation reaction, the essence of which is the formation and precipitation of the antigen-antibody complex.
Cells whose task is to destroy the provoking agent are not immediately produced by the body's immune system. IgM antibodies are produced within two weeks from the moment of infection with pale treponema, IgG - after about 1 month.
A CSF blood test allows you to determine the duration of the disease, identify pathology even in a latent form, and also evaluate the effectiveness of previously prescribed treatment.
Interpretation of Results
The decoding of a blood test of DAC is carried out by a venereologist. However, everyone can interpret the results. This is due to the fact that decoding DAC is not difficult, the study is qualitative, that is, its outcome can be positive or negative.
In the first case, it is customary to talk about the presence of syphilis in the patient's body (primary, secondary or tertiary). A positive result can also be detected within 1 year after the therapy.
If during the study, pale treponema was not detected in the biomaterial, and the patient has no alarming symptoms, this indicates the absence of syphilis. But it is important to know that the result can be negative with early infection and a tertiary form of the disease.
Factors that may lead to a false positive
The study is not always reliable. Its result can be positive if the patient has the following diseases and conditions:
- diabetes mellitus;
- malignant neoplasms;
- tuberculosis
- autoimmune pathologies;
- viral hepatitis;
- pneumonia;
- enterovirus infection;
- scarlet fever;
- infectious mononucleosis;
- gout
- malaria
- alcoholism;
- antiphospholipid syndrome;
- eosinophilic lung infiltrate.
In addition, a false-positive result can be observed in infants 7-8 days after birth. A similar situation is typical for the post-vaccination period.
If you get a dubious result, you must again pass the blood for analysis.
Finally
Syphilis is a serious pathology that poses a danger not only to health, but also to human life. In order to detect the disease in a timely manner, a CSF blood test is prescribed. The study is shown not only in the presence of a clinical picture of syphilis, it is also carried out as part of the mandatory annual preventive examinations. The analysis is qualitative, that is, the result can only be positive or negative. The presence of a large number of diseases can lead to a false conclusion. Upon receipt of doubtful results, blood must be donated again.