The legislation of the Russian Federation has long provided for many state guarantees. Among them, it is worth highlighting the provision of an elderly population with retirement benefits. Moreover, the size of future payments directly depends on the amount of wages received during the period of working age, as well as on how much work experience is. What to do if a person has not officially worked? Is there an old-age pension without seniority?
The main types of pensions
To answer the question of what old-age pension without seniority is accrued, it is necessary to consider the main varieties of such a payment. There are currently two types:
- insurance;
- social.
In the latter case, citizens are accrued old-age pensions without seniority. A pensioner can only apply for social benefits. At the same time, the size of the pension is minimal. If the citizen of the country was officially employed, then he is charged an insurance pension. Its size depends on the length of service. To receive this type of pension in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to work at least 7 years.
What is included in the experience
In order to understand what old-age pension will be paid without seniority or still insurance, it is worth clarifying what exactly is included in the seniority. It includes:
- the period of job search, provided that the citizen was registered in an institution such as the Employment Service;
- in women, the maternity period, which is 1.5 years for each child, but does not exceed 6 years;
- military military service in men;
- caring for elderly or legally incompetent relatives, whose age is at least 80 years;
- for rehabilitated persons, the time of imprisonment is taken into account.
It is worth noting that it is planned to increase the minimum length of service. To receive an insurance pension, it will be necessary to work out more than 15 years. The Ministry of Labor recommends a permanent placement in state institutions. After all, an insurance pension is higher than an old-age pension without seniority.
In some cases, there is no way to get formal. Once in this situation, citizens can rely on a social pension. This requires a number of documents.
Retirement age
Citizens who are entitled to an old-age pension can be divided into several categories:
- women over 60 years old and men over 65 years old with a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- those who have reached retirement age, but do not have Russian citizenship, who have lived 15 years in the country;
- women aged 50 years and men who have reached the age of 55, who are representatives of the indigenous population of the North, who live in their historical homeland until their retirement age.
When is a social pension awarded?
An old-age pension without seniority was provided for those who, for whatever reason, could not earn seniority for insurance payments. This category includes disabled people, as well as those who find themselves in difficult life situations. Of course, those who are fully competent, but have no seniority, can receive such a pension. Those who have worked for private companies for many years without formalizing a formal contract can count on state support. Pension begins to accrue upon reaching a certain age.
What conditions must be met
To receive a minimum old-age pension without seniority, the following conditions are required:
- a pensioner must have citizenship of the Russian Federation or reside in its territory for 15 years;
- in order to receive an old-age pension without seniority, a citizen must be 60 years old for women and 65 for men.
It is worth noting that social benefits are assigned 5 years later than insurance. However, there are exceptions. For example, those who live in the Far North, where the living conditions are harsh, are assigned a pension for men over 55, and for women over 50.
Combination with other payouts
If when choosing several pensions social is more profitable, then a citizen can choose it. In addition, such a pension can be obtained simultaneously with other payments for the loss of the breadwinner. It applies to social pension if:
- a citizen is the wife or parent of a soldier who died in combat;
- a citizen received the right to such a social pension, as he is a member of a family that suffered as a result of the Chernobyl accident or when liquidating the consequences of this disaster;
- the citizen is a member of the family of the deceased astronaut.
It is worth considering that disability payments cease on the day the old-age payment is assigned. You cannot receive pensions of these types at the same time.
Collection of documents
To assign a social pension, it is recommended to contact the department of the Pension Fund, which provides services for each specific area. When the whole package of papers is collected, you can contact a specialist of this organization. To learn an old-age pension without seniority in Russia, you must collect the following list of documents:
- passport or a document that replaces it;
- SNILS;
- a document confirming citizenship or a certificate received in the Federal Penitentiary Service, which indicates the period of residence of a citizen in Russia;
- a work book, provided that it has been issued at all;
- if necessary, it is worth presenting a certificate or a certificate proving that a citizen belongs to the peoples of the Far North.
If a payment related to the loss of a breadwinner is due, then it is also necessary to bring papers confirming the right to it. The list of documents depends on your case.
Surcharges and allowances
Now you know how to get an old-age pension without seniority in Moscow and other Russian cities. It is worth considering that elderly people may receive a municipal allowance. This may require:
- documents from a medical institution confirming a disability group;
- family composition documents.
In addition, those citizens who receive an old-age pension and do not have seniority can receive support payments. They help not only pay utility bills, but also have a decent standard of living for an elderly person. Some of these surcharges can be obtained at the Pension Fund, and the rest at the social security institution.
Approximate amount of social pension
The size of an old-age pension without seniority depends on many factors. In some cases, payouts can be modest. For example, in cases where a citizen does not have sufficient work experience, then he is assigned a pension in the amount of 3,262 rubles. In this case, several factors are taken into account:
- Indexing carried out annually. At the beginning of each year, or rather, in April, the amount of such a pension can be recounted. This is done so that state aid does not lag behind inflation, as well as the size of the subsistence level. For example, in 2017, the pension was recalculated with a coefficient of 1.03. As a result of this, the average amount of payment began to amount to 8.6 thousand rubles.
- Location. In Russia, there are regions where pensions and all kinds of benefits are paid with a higher coefficient. Of course, with a change of residence, the privilege is lost. An increased pension is provided for those who live beyond the Arctic Circle. When you move to the southern regions, the amount of payment decreases significantly.
- An old-age pension increases when a citizen turns 80 years old, as well as in the presence of a dependent.
Features of accrual of social pension
Otherwise, a social pension is accrued for those who received disability benefits. New state aid cannot be less than a citizen received before retirement age. Most often, the amount of the old-age pension corresponds to the size of the disability payment for the last period of its receipt.
Unforeseen situations also happen. It often happens that after recalculation the social pension is less than the cost of living. In such cases, a citizen can apply for benefits intended specifically for unemployed older people. The social welfare institution assigns such a surcharge. When a pensioner is hired, the payment of such assistance ceases. A citizen must notify the specialists of the Pension Fund or the social protection of the population about employment.
When a social pension may be denied
In some cases, a citizen may be denied a social pension. The right to it is lost when:
- moving outside the Russian Federation to a permanent place of residence;
- upon obtaining another citizenship;
- renewal or the beginning of labor activity;
- if the money remains unclaimed for six months.
Small peoples of the Far North cannot lose their disability status. Even if a citizen begins to work in old age, he has every right to receive social state payments in old age.
If a social pension remains unclaimed for six months, then its payment for the same period is temporarily suspended. The complete cancellation of such state aid occurs if the pensioner did not submit an application for the resumption of payment.
Changes in the calculation of pensions
In 2017, some changes were introduced in the process of calculating pensions, and some are still planned. In general, the following reform should occur during this period:
- increasing the retirement age and its subsequent equalization to 65 years for both men and women;
- the growth for employees of budgetary organizations of the necessary value of seniority, especially for doctors and teachers;
- the only social insurance rate, the determination of which is based on the amount of earnings;
- an exception to the norms of the legislation of the funded pension so that the citizen can decide for himself whether he needs it or not;
- decrease in indexation of all payments;
- elimination of certain payments for the category of pensioners who are still working;
- abolition of early retirement for those who work for enterprises in harmful conditions.
All these pension reforms are planned to be completed during 2017. Some of them have already been introduced and are in force.