Gold is one of the most important resources of the domestic economy. Gold mining companies in Russia annually supply tons precious metal used both for utilitarian purposes (in microelectronics, medicine, jewelry), and to ensure a certain liquidity of the ruble.
Story
Industrial gold mining in Russia has more than three hundred years of history. Gold was previously mined here everywhere - from the central part of the country to its Far Eastern outskirts. Since the discovery of the richest placers of gold in the 19th century, the country has become a leader in terms of its production. This primacy continued until the Witwatersrand field was discovered in South Africa at the beginning of the 20th century. For almost a century, gold mining companies in Russia have set the tone in the precious metals market.
Latest time
After the collapse of the USSR, the country with previously mined about 160 tons of gold annually (second place in the world ranking) was able to maintain production of just over 100 tons by 1998. The leading gold mining companies in Russia, which are 11 large production associations (PO), actually did not have sufficient economic and financial independence and were 100% state property. The only miners were some artisans of miners who retained the form of cooperative ownership, but they were not completely independent, being tightly integrated into the structure of the same software and not possessing any noticeable potential.
The cessation of state financing in the mid-1990s, and with it the state procurement of gold mined, led to an increase in the influence of private (commercial) banks, and with it the increase in the share of private property in gold production. The new situation gradually opened the way for the creation of enterprises with the participation of domestic and foreign private capital.
Along with the attenuation of production in the previous software, other, more dynamically developing gold mining companies of Russia began to be created. This made it possible for Russia to take second place from the 6th-7th place in the world, which the country occupied 7-8 years ago, in 2014, displacing all past leaders and so far losing only to China.
Industry reorganization
After the collapse of the USSR, the gold mining industry of the Russian Federation got 11 production associations. These largest Russian gold mining companies, mainly (80%) conducting seasonal mining of precious metals from placers, were in an extremely difficult situation due to a management crisis and a shortage of funds, and the mining itself began to fade quickly.
In order to radically correct the situation, maintain existing enterprises and stimulate the creation of new year-round ore production, the state in the very beginning of the 1990s implemented a program to finance the development of gold mining by providing so-called gold loans. The funds allocated to enterprises were recorded in the "gold equivalent", the interest rate was considered in it, and in it the supply of gold to GOKHRAN was required to be refunded. Then gold from reserves was sold on the market, and the proceeds from its sale were credited to the accounts of enterprises.
Although the criteria for selecting projects were not unambiguous, and the selection itself was not always justified and objective, the fact of considering the issue of their issuance stimulated interest in gold mining projects and in projects for creating new mining enterprises.The direct impact of these funds ensured both the support of mining companies and the commissioning of a number of new industries - from the Olympiad and the Vasilievsky mine in the Krasnoyarsk Territory to the Caralveem and Boulder mines in Chukotka.
Gold mining companies in Russia: list
In 1995, the Union of Gold Miners was formed, uniting both the country's largest gold miners and small artels. In total, the Union has more than 550 organizations. The flagships are 26 enterprises:
- "Pole Gold".
- "GK Petropavlovsk."
- "Chukotka GGK".
- Polymetal.
- Nordgold.
- Highland Gold Mining.
- Yuzhuralzoloto GK.
- "Supreme".
- "Sovrudnik."
- Susumanzoloto.
- "Seligdar."
- "The mine of Solovievsky."
- "Vitim."
- "Western".
- "Search".
- "Gold of Kamchatka."
- Amur Gold.
- "Caralway."
- "Far Eastern resources."
- "Druze."
- Omsukchan GGK.
- “Oh.”
- Chukotka.
- "Arbat".
- "Status".
- "Vasilievsky mine."
Data by region:
- Magadan Region - 133 companies.
- Yakutia (Sakha) - 65.
- Amur region - 56.
- Trans-Baikal Territory - 45.
- Irkutsk region - 36.
- Sverdlovsk region. - thirty.
- Buryatia - 27.
- Krasnoyarsk Territory - 21.
- Khabarovsk Territory - 20.
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - 20.
- Chelyabinsk region - sixteen.
Other regions (Altai Territory, Altai Republic, Bashkortostan, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Perm Krai, Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin Oblast, Tyva, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khakassia) - no more than a dozen companies .
Statistics
More than 100,000 people are engaged in mining this noble metal. Often, it is the gold mining companies of Russia that bring the lion's share of taxes to the local budget, supporting remote regions of the country. If in 2013 the Russians mined 255 tons of yellow metal, squeezing the United States and climbing to third place, then 2014 became a record year: 288.5 tons and second place (Australia moved to third place).
Most of the gold in 2014 was mined in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - 47.2 tons. Five of the best workers are as follows:
- Krasnoyarsk Territory - 47.2 tons
- Amur region - 31.3 tons
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - 30.3 tons
- Magadan Region - 24.1 tons
- Yakutia - 23.1 tons
Gold mining companies in Russia: rating
Among enterprises, production volumes stand out (2012):
- Polyus Gold (the largest Verninskoye deposit) - 48.8 tons
- Petropavlovsk ("Albyn", "Malomyr") - 21.1 tons
- Polymetal (May, Omolonsky Hub, Albazinsky) - 15.2 tons.
- Chukotka GGK ("Dome") - 14.5 tons.
- Nordgold (Berezitovoe, Gros) - 10.2 tons
The Yekaterinburg non-ferrous metal processing plant and Krastsvetmet in 2014 ensured a twofold increase in the processing of jewelry scrap.
Prospects for investing in gold:
