The use of certificates can be found today in all areas of life. This is a document that confirms, certifies a certain fact. Certificates are applied, starting from the field of education and production, ending with medicine and civil relations.
The main types of certificates
First of all, all such documents can be divided into types according to the scope of their use:
- Industry: to determine the quality of goods.
- Medical field.
- Gift certificates.
- The field of education and advanced training.
- Upon receipt of a residence permit, because it requires a certificate of knowledge of the Russian language.
Types of certificates in determining the quality of goods
In the production of goods, their quality is evaluated according to certain requirements. These requirements are established by law. In the field of quality assessment, the following types of certificates of compliance with regulatory requirements can be called:
- A certificate of conformity with GOST is issued after laboratory tests to determine whether the product meets safety standards.
- The declaration of conformity along with the above document confirms the safety of the product. The list of goods for which the manufacturer is required to make a certificate of conformity is approved. There is also a list of goods for which it is necessary to make a declaration of conformity.
- Certificate of compliance with technical regulations - a document issued for a list of certain goods, equipment, buildings, installation, storage, operation, implementation.
- A fire safety certificate is issued for a list of goods for which confirmation is needed. This document is provided after testing and measuring for compliance with regulatory requirements.
- State certificate Registration is required mainly for cosmetic and hygiene products, some food products, including children’s products, household chemicals, medical products, and children's underwear. This document is valid in the territory of the Customs Union.
- Rostekhnadzor Permission - a document issued to production associated with increased risk. For example, in the production of toxic and combustible substances or if there are emissions of hazardous substances into the atmosphere.
- Exemption letter - a type of document that is executed for trade or customs. It contains an indication that the manufacturer or importer does not need to receive a certificate or declaration for this product.
- The ISO 9001 certificate is an official document that confirms that the company has implemented a product quality management system according to international standards. This system represents the requirements for various aspects of the production and related processes.
- Environmental certificate for the car "Euro 3", "Euro 4", "Euro 5". This document should be received by cars of domestic production and imported. Basically, the requirements of the European standard relate to the amount of harmful emissions.
Where to apply for a certificate
All types of certificates confirming the quality and safety of goods are issued only by accredited organizations and laboratories. They conduct tests and studies of goods for compliance with regulatory requirements. Most often, such organizations are commercial and provide paid certification services.
What quality certificates give us
All types of certificates on a voluntary and mandatory basis help the work of a market economy and society as a whole:
- Documents confirm the quality of the goods, and the consumer receives a good product.
- Through a certificate, a manufacturer can guarantee the quality of his product.
- Certificates help regulate the export and import processes of goods transported across the state border.
- Products that are completely safe for humans and the environment enter the market.
Obtaining a residence permit in Russia
A residence permit is an official state document that gives a migrant the right to reside in Russia on an ongoing basis. It is an approved document in the form of a booklet, looks very similar to a passport. On the front side is the inscription "RESIDENCE PERMIT". To enter Russia you need to provide a national passport and residence permit.
Upon obtaining a residence permit, a foreign citizen is considered to be permanently residing in the territory of Russia, and for a stateless person this document becomes an identity document. A residence permit in Russia must be renewed at least once every five years.
The following persons can obtain a residence permit:
- Highly qualified specialists.
- A migrant of legal age who has issued a temporary residence permit.
- An incapable person, if his guardian is a citizen of the Russian Federation and a person with a residence permit in Russia.
- Native Russian speaker.
- A foreigner who was previously a citizen of the Russian Federation.
- Political refugee.
- Member of the State program on voluntary resettlement.
- A citizen of the Republic of Belarus.
What gives a residence permit
A residence permit offers a person a number of advantages when living and moving around the country:
- You can move around Russia without notice to the Federal Migration Service.
- You can work at Russian enterprises without obtaining a permit or patent.
- Cross the Russian border without applying for a visa any number of times.
- The right to receive medical care, pension, education of children.
- Take loans from Russian banks.
How to get a residence permit
To obtain a residence permit, you must provide the following documents:
- Passport of the native country.
- Statement.
- Photo.
- Receipt of payment of state duty.
- Temporary residence permit.
- A document that confirms the availability of money for accommodation.
- Medical certificate and document on the absence of HIV.
- Certificate of Russian language for a residence permit.
A person who wants to obtain a residence permit must at least be fluent in the Russian language and know his responsibilities when living in Russia. The certificate of residence permit requires the following tests:
- On knowledge of the Russian language.
- According to the legislation of Russia.
- By knowledge of the history of Russia.
Passing the exam is paid. If the examiner failed to cope with him, then the money will not be returned.
The following persons do not need to provide this certificate to obtain a residence permit:
- Women over the age of 60.
- Men over the age of 65.
- Highly qualified specialists.
- Minors.
- Disabled persons.
- Migrants who were educated during the times of the former USSR.
- Persons educated in the Russian Federation.
- To citizens of those countries where Russian is the official language.
- Persons who are native speakers of the Russian language.
- To participants of the State program.
Savings certificates - a reliable way to invest money
A savings certificate is a security that you can buy for money at a bank. According to it, the owner will receive to arrive in the form of interest.
The following types of savings certificates are available:
- Registered - they are drawn up for a specific person who will be given money in the bank.
- To bearer - money will be issued to any person who provides this certificate.
Buying a savings certificate is very similar to a bank deposit.But the main difference is that the certificate has its own specific value and validity period, and the contribution has neither time nor cost frames.
Why do I need savings certificates:
- Saving and increasing money.
- As a gift or inheritance.
- For settlement with other persons.
- As a guarantee when applying for a bank loan.
A great advantage of savings certificates is the interest rate, which is higher than that of deposits. It is also unchanged throughout the validity period of the certificate. It is possible to return the savings certificate to the bank ahead of schedule, but then the interest received will be less. The procedure for acquiring a certificate is very simple and does not take much time.
Do not know what to give? Gift Certificate - A Great Gift
Many of us found ourselves in such a difficult situation when you need to choose a gift. But there are always doubts about whether this thing will be liked and whether it will be needed. Today, many retail facilities offer gift vouchers for a certain amount. It can be exchanged for goods of equivalent value in this store.
If the selected purchase has a higher value than the face value of the certificate, the remaining amount can be additionally paid in the usual way.
The following types of gift certificates exist, depending on the way it is issued:
- On paper in the form of a security.
- A plastic card with a certain amount on it.
- Electronic certificates with a code that acts as a key to use.
A gift certificate can serve as a present for a holiday or as a material incentive to an employee of the company.
These types of certificates today offer not only shops, but also the service sector. Among them are gyms, beauty salons, training services, such as foreign language courses.
Typically, gift certificates have a validity period of six months to a year.
Certificates in the field of medicine
The goal of medicine is to preserve our health and life. Therefore, certification is a mandatory and integral part in medicine. It proves the quality, effectiveness and safety of medicines, equipment, materials, as well as the qualifications of doctors and medical personnel.
Types of medical certificates depending on the object of certification:
- Medical devices.
- Devices.
- Materials
- Instruments.
- Software for medicine.
In addition, all medical professionals are also required to undergo certification. The following types of certificates are available for medical professionals:
- Pharmacist.
- Pharmacist.
- Specialist.
- Nurses.
- Masseur.
Certificate - a document confirming the quality and reliability
Certificates exist throughout our lives. Medicine, trade, quality and safety issues, confirmation of knowledge and many other areas of life.
Certificates help to know that goods or medicines are of high quality, and that the migrant has minimal knowledge for life in Russia. On the other hand, a certificate can be a gift or a profitable investment.