Under temporary disability should be understood the functional state of the body, which is caused by trauma or illness. Then the violation of certain functions is relevant, which impedes the implementation of professional work. In this article, we will examine in more detail the definition and types of temporary disability. In addition, we consider other important aspects of this topic.
Temporary disability as a special category
Today, the concept and types of temporary disability occupy a certain place in practical activities for the benefit of society. It is worth noting that this disability is reversible, temporary. The fact is that the return of the patient to the performance of professional functions is possible. An analysis of the types of temporary disability suggests that the issue also concerns citizens who are able-bodied, but who feel the need to be exempted from the work process in the interests of protecting their own health. This provision applies to a sick or injured member of a citizen's family. In addition, the goals are the prevention of infectious diseases.
Disability and its aspects
Before studying the concept of the degree and types of temporary disability, it is advisable to note that not always a sick person is disabled. Both social and medical criteria should be clearly defined and reflected in the outpatient card of a sick citizen. It is important to keep in mind that the medical criterion is the leading one, if we talk about establishing the fact of disability. Nevertheless, the disease is not always considered a sign of disability. It often happens that a healthy person is not able to carry out professional work. For example, the cook’s wife got hepatitis. The specialist himself is absolutely healthy, but he does not have the right to cook food, because he has contact associated with hepatitis.
Disability examination
Before determining the type of temporary incapacity for work today, an examination of disability is mandatory. Its main task is to establish the ability of a person to perform their own professional functions, depending on social and medical criteria. In addition, the following points should be attributed to the tasks of a medical examination of disability:
- Determination of the duration, degree and type of temporary disability that occurred due to an accident, illness or other reasons.
- Establishment of a regimen and treatment, which is necessary to improve health and restore a citizen.
- The recommendation of the most complete and rational use of labor of persons with a limited type of disability without prejudice to their state of health.
- Identification of permanent or long-term disability and further referral of these patients to the expert commission of the medical and social plan.
What types of temporary disability exist?
Disability should be understood as a state of health that does not allow work to be carried out due to injury, illness, age. In addition, there are other criteria for determining disability. Currently, the following types of temporary disability are distinguished:
- Full and partial.
- Permanent and long in accordance with the criterion associated with the prospects for the restoration of labor functionality.
- Professional or general.In this case, we are talking about such a criterion as a kind of labor activity.
It is advisable to consider the types of temporary disability and the procedure for issuing a disability certificate in more detail.
Classification of category of temporary disability
If the changes regarding the state of human health are reversible, temporary, and in the near future a full recovery or significant improvement is expected, as well as the restoration of lost working ability, then this kind of disability is called temporary. Currently, it is customary to distinguish the following types of temporary disability by nature:
- Complete.
- Professional.
- Partial
It is worth noting that professional disability is understood to mean the inability to perform labor duties that are inherent in a particular profession and, accordingly, the position held. Complete disability should be considered as the inability to do any work due to illness. Then a person needs special treatment. In addition, one or another type of benefits and payments for temporary disability is assigned to him.
Partial disability is a variety related to a particular profession, provided that the ability to carry out other work is preserved. If a person can realize his functional in a lightweight form or perform smaller amounts of work, then he is classified as partially disabled.
Simulation and aggravation
It is worth noting that during the examination, the doctor sometimes encounters a manifestation of simulation or aggravation. The latter concept should be considered an exaggeration by a citizen of the symptoms of an existing disease in reality. Simulation is nothing more than an imitation of the symptoms of a disease that a person does not have.
In the case of active aggravation, a citizen takes all possible measures to worsen his own health or prolong a painful condition. Passive aggravation involves only an exaggeration of some symptoms. In this case, the accompaniment of such behavior by certain actions that interfere with the implementation of treatment is excluded. It must be borne in mind that aggravation in a pathological manner is characteristic of mentally ill people. It is an important manifestation to which close attention should be paid.
The concept and types of temporary disability benefits
The temporary disability benefit should be understood as the payment that is provided in cases related to the inability to carry out work or other activities due to a short-term deterioration in health. It is worth noting that the amount of benefits is determined depending on earnings, other income of a person or in a solid amount of cash. Functions are funded from social security and employment funds, as well as from other sources. The amount of benefits is determined depending on the type of disability.
Who is eligible for benefits?
You need to know that the right to benefits is granted to persons who work in accordance with an employment contract, as well as to citizens who, during their professional activities, are subject to compulsory social state insurance. It is advisable to include members of cooperatives, lawyers, individuals engaged in individual entrepreneurship, and so on.
Benefit Financing
Temporary disability benefits are financed from the funds of the Social Insurance Fund. It must be borne in mind that unemployed people receive appropriate benefits from territorial employment funds.
The facts that give rise to legal relations related to the payment of benefits include not only the fact of temporary incapacity for work, but also the fact of its occurrence in the process of work. It is worth adding that sometimes benefits are paid if temporary disability, which lasts more than a month, or maternity leave and subsequent childbirth occurs within a month after leaving the workplace for good reason. Funds for sick people can be paid within a month after dismissal from the military plan on appeal. This procedure is defined by the Regulation of 13.11.1984 No. 13-6 "On the Procedure for Providing State Social Insurance Benefits".
When are citizens entitled to benefits?
Currently, on the territory of the Russian Federation, temporary disability benefits are granted to individuals in the following cases:
- Injury (disease) due to which disability is lost.
- Spa treatment.
- Temporary transfer to another job due to tuberculosis or professional illness.
- Prosthetics provided that the prosthetic-orthopedic structure is placed in a hospital.
- Pregnancy and childbirth. It is worth adding that today special attention is paid to maternity benefits in the Russian Federation.
Conclusion
So, we fully examined the concept and varieties of the category of temporary disability, and also examined the issue of benefits, their provision and financing. In conclusion, it should be noted: if changes in the state of health are determined by a temporary, in other words, reversible nature, and in the near future recovery or a significant improvement in health status is expected, as well as the return of former disability, then this type of disability is classified as temporary.
In practice, the concept of conditional temporary disability is widely used. We are talking about the relationship with such reasons as caring for a sick or injured family member, spa treatment, quarantine and so on. It should be borne in mind that in the case of spa treatment in sanatoriums and boarding houses, sick leave, as a rule, is provided for the number of days that is missing for a vacation of a basic or additional nature. This takes into account the travel time after presenting a certificate of the duration of the vacation and a ticket to the administrative department of the organization. Nevertheless, for those who have been exposed to radiation in their lives due to the Chernobyl accident, they are a World War II disabled person, an internationalist warrior, as well as some other special categories of citizens, a disability certificate is issued for the entire period of travel and travel, without deducting the main and additional type.