A weapon license is a coveted document for millions of people. And not surprisingly - because it helps legally own and use a powerful weapon of fire destruction. What documents are needed to obtain a weapon license? What does the process look like? These issues will be considered in this case.
Introductory information
In our country, the availability of various types of civilian weapons. Relatively weak - this is from gas to traumatic. More powerful in their consequences are smooth-bore and rifled specimens. The only thing that unites them all is that you need a license to receive it. From the point of view of a large number of people who are interested in acquiring this document, the process that must be completed is an incomprehensible and complicated matter. To dispel this belief, you must read this article. But before that a little digression.
Why don't I need a license?
Since weapons are acquired for self-defense, it should be considered that does not require special permits and at the same time is a highly effective tool. Such are stun guns, aerosol cans and pneumatics. In the first case, non-lethal weapons can effectively disable the enemy for ten to fifteen minutes. True, the stun gun is not suitable in conditions of contact between opponents, and given the small radius of action, many reject this option. Aerosol cans look better. The specificity of their action provides for the spraying of irritating substances at, as a rule, a distance of up to three meters. This is a very effective tool with good performance and a wide range of applications. For example, as a special case, a bear pepper, issued for hunters in case of a meeting with the owner of the forest. And the last option, when you do not need a license for a weapon, is pneumatics. But provided that the muzzle energy is less than 6.5 J, and the caliber is up to 4.5 mm. And such indicators are poorly suited for damage.
About the process of obtaining a license in general terms
The rules and order in this case are typical. Although there may be slight differences depending on what you plan to draw up. The federal law “On Weapons” No. 150 is involved in the regulation of the process under consideration. Let us consider in general terms what is necessary in order to obtain a firearm in its property. Initially, at the time of the determination with a specific representative of the weapon, it is necessary to clarify in the store which license must be issued for it. Then a safe is purchased. It must match the type of weapon that you plan to purchase. It is desirable that there is a small margin in size. Then he inspects the district. If he finds that the safe is not suitable, he may refuse to issue a permit for weapons. Then comes the turn of contacting a specialized licensing department. An application and the required package of documents are submitted there. A one-time fee is paid and a receipt for payment is provided to the same licensing and permission department. If there are no problems, then a weapon license is issued.
When can they refuse?
The law provides for a number of reasons for refusal. First of all, it is necessary to mention age. So, if you are under 18 years old, then you should not even think about weapons. In addition, an indication of incorrect personal information or their complete absence negatively affects the decision. Also, do not forget about medical certificates.They should indicate that a person has no contraindications and diseases that will not allow him to own a weapon. These include depression, epilepsy, drug addiction and some others. It is necessary to provide information on whether the person is registered in a psychiatric or neurological dispensary. Also, the basis is a criminal record, as well as serving a sentence for a crime. If all of this (or part of the information) is not there, then a weapon license will not be issued. In addition, the lack of a permanent place of residence, more than two administrative offenses per year, the lack of a certificate of attendance in weapons training - all this is also a reason for refusal.
More details
Let's detail the procedure for obtaining a license for weapons. So, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination and training courses on the correct handling of weapons. The cost of services of this nature varies depending on the region. But on average it amounts to several thousand rubles. If it is planned to catch game, then you should take care of purchasing a hunting ticket. All this must be done before obtaining permission from law enforcement agencies. They need to submit a copy of a passport, a hunting ticket, two standard photos of size 3 x 4, a certificate of the absence of undesirable medical contraindications, information from a psychological and narcological dispensary, a report signed by the district police officer. It should be noted that if you are interested in obtaining a license for rifled weapons, then it can not be quickly purchased. Initially, you need five years to own a smoothbore weapon.
And what about the timing?
So, in general terms, we have already figured out where and how to obtain a license to acquire weapons. Now let's take the time for the deadlines. Up to ten days are allocated for a decision by the licensing and permitting department. Since the issuance of the document, a person has six months to acquire what he liked. Otherwise, the license is returned. If it is overdue, then it will not work to acquire a weapon. A permit is issued for a period of five years. After which it is necessary either to update, or to hand over the weapon.
And what for hunting?
If we talk about the target destination, then most often weapons are made out for the extraction of animals and birds. Although situations are very common where, over the years or even the entire time of ownership, according to the official application, it has never been used. Why are people interested in obtaining a license for hunting weapons, which are then not used? All this is connected with the bureaucratic features of our state. Hunting weapons are powerful enough to be used for self-defense, so very often it is acquired. Although pistols are more suitable for this purpose, it is forbidden to sell them under the law to the general public. Therefore, you have to choose either smoothbore or rifled weapons. All this takes shape as an acquisition for hunting.
Smoothbore weapon
The popularity of this factor is due to a number of points. First of all, it is necessary to mention the domestic bureaucracy, which does not allow to receive rifled weapons as the first sample. Then how to get a legal smoothbore is relatively simple. Practically any convicted adult can do this. Samples of this family are distinguished by rather high muzzle energy indicators. For example, .410 is characterized by 1 kJ, the 20th caliber is about 2 kJ, and the 12th is from 2.5 to 4 kJ. For comparison, it is believed that to inflict a mortal wound on a person, it is enough to apply an energy of 80 J. And the pistols used by the police can boast a muzzle energy of “only” 300 joules.True, it should be noted that the law provides requirements for smooth-bore weapons to be transported and transported exclusively in a discharged and sheathed state. Therefore, using it for self-defense outside your own home is very problematic. But to ensure safety in an apartment or a village dwelling, this is really a good option, because at a distance of 50-100 meters it has an excellent stopping effect. These are the prospects for obtaining a license for smooth-bore weapons. And now to the next group.
Rifle
Short-barreled samples are not immediately accessible to ordinary citizens. The only legal option is a premium weapon. If we talk about the general population, then there are only rifled carbines and rifles (which, interestingly, have an order of magnitude greater lethality than pistols). They attract hunters with a good firing range and high accuracy. This is a good choice when hunting for big game, such as a deer, wild boar or bear. But for self-defense, they are worse. Due to actions at short distances, the advantage in accuracy and range is not critical. A rotating conical bullet can ricochet off the wall and injure a third person. And we should not forget that smoothbore weapons can be obtained from the age of 18, and rifled, at least from 23.