Child allowance is social assistance that is accrued to citizens who are taking care of their own or adopted children. The allowance is issued regardless of the social status of the mother or other legal guardian, the amount of family income, and the fact of employment of the guardian or parent of the child. How to apply for benefits, what are the types of “children’s”, how to calculate childcare benefits, the maximum and minimum amount of social assistance - all this can be found in this article.
Types of Child Benefits
Payment of "children" is of several types. The entire list of benefits is specified in the law of the Russian Federation No. 81-FZ "On state benefits to citizens with children." Social assistance is of the following types:
- monetary compensation for those who are registered before the 12th week of pregnancy;
- one-time mother compensation for each born baby;
- monthly allowance for childcare up to 1.5 years;
- maternity charges.
The employer pays for all types of social assistance. But there are already some regions where a pilot experiment is being introduced - this is the payment of cash assistance for a newborn from the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation.
Who can get "children" in custody up to a year and a half
If maternity benefits are credited only to mothers, then monthly assistance is charged to any relative who has taken custody of the baby. True, only one family member can receive such payments. According to the law of the Russian Federation No. 81-FZ, they can receive benefits:
- relatives of the newborn who are subject to insurance;
- mothers who are contracted military personnel;
- guardian, mother or father of the child;
- if the mother has died or does not have parental rights, then a person who is not subject to compulsory insurance may receive compensation.
If during the vacation period the mother works part-time or the work is done at home, then social transfers are preserved. If two types of decrees coincide in time, mothers can choose only one type of help.
Assistance is not awarded to those who are deprived of parental rights or if the child is completely in the care of the state.
What you need to get benefits for the care of a newborn up to one and a half years
In order to obtain social support for an employed citizen, it is necessary to perform certain actions and submit an appropriate set of documents. Step-by-step instruction:
- the employee must write a maternity leave application in free form and submit the paper to the personnel department of the institution;
- get a copy of the vacation order, where the start and end dates are indicated.
The following documents must be attached to the application:
- submit the birth certificate of the baby and all children in the family (originals and copies);
- bring a certificate from the work of the second parent, which confirms that he does not receive payment data;
- if the place of work has been changed over the past two years, then you need to additionally bring a certificate of income from the previous place of work;
- when combining work (work in two organizations at once), it is necessary to bring a certificate from the second work stating that this compensation is not charged in another institution;
- a photocopy of the applicant’s civil passport must be attached to the entire set of documents.
Cash assistance is calculated from the day the decree begins and for a year and a half.
If the parents are not employed, then they have the right to receive a minimum monetary social support for a year and a half.The state gives a little more than three thousand rubles to the first baby, and six thousand one hundred and thirty rubles to the second and the next. To apply for this monetary compensation, you should contact Social Security.
Maximum Newborn Care Allowance
In 2017, the state finally fixed the practice of increasing social payments depending on inflation. The one-time benefit amount after the birth of the baby is 15 thousand 512.62, after February 1 - 16 350.33. In the Russian Federation for 2017 (after 1.02), the minimum amount of the monthly childcare allowance is 3,065.69 rubles, and for two or more children - 6,131.37.
The maximum amount of childcare allowance is unlimited, but the average daily rate of an employee is limited, according to which the percentage of “children’s” is calculated. So, the average daily rate should not exceed the amount of money, which is calculated according to a certain formula. To calculate the childcare allowance (maximum size), the following formula is used:
The maximum value of the average daily salary = The maximum value of the base of the premium calculation for 2 years / 730.
For example, if you need to calculate childcare benefits (the maximum amount for 2017), then you need to take the maximum amount of charges for 2015 - six hundred seventy thousand, add up to the maximum size for the base for 2016 - seven hundred and eighteen thousand rubles and divide the number received by 730. Based on the calculations, in the current year the maximum salary will be equal to 1 thousand 901.37.
To calculate the maximum monthly income, you need to multiply the maximum daily salary by the average monthly number of days in the calendar: 1 901.37 * 30.4 = 57 thousand 801.64. The calculations show that the maximum monthly wage for the maximum cash benefit per child is 57 thousand 801.64 rubles.
The amount of the monthly childcare allowance is forty percent of the monthly salary. In the current 2017, the maximum value is: 57 thousand 801.64 - 40% = 23 120.66. In 2016, childcare benefits (maximum amount) were less and amounted to 21,554.82.
Maternity Assistance
Maternity pay is not indexed every year. But in 2017, due to an increase in the average amount of the daily rate, employers have to charge employees a larger amount on maternity leave than in 2016. The entire amount of pregnancy and childbirth is paid once for the total period. Number of days in a certain period:
- in the usual case - 140 days;
- when carrying two or more children - 194 days;
- with complications during childbirth - 156 days.
The maximum range of accruals for maternity
When calculating the maximum monetary compensation for pregnancy and childbirth, it is necessary to use the average daily rate in the formula (calculated according to the same formula as the monthly allowance for caring for a child under 1.5 years old and will be equal to 1 thousand 901.37). The maximum accrual range for 2017 can be calculated using the formula: average daily rate * for the number of days. Calculation of social support in different periods:
- in the usual case: 1901.37 * 140 = 266 191, 8;
- when carrying two or more children: 1901.37 * 194 = 368 865.78;
- with complications during childbirth: 1901.37 * 156 = 296 613, 72.
Minimum maternity charge
The minimum daily rate is calculated according to the formula in accordance with the law of Part 1.1 of Art. 14 No. 255: minimum wage * 24 / 730. Since in 2017 the minimum wage is 7 thousand 500 rubles, the minimum daily rate is 246.58 rubles. Calculation of the minimum compensation for material assistance in pregnancy and childbirth:
- in the usual case: 246.58 * 140 = 34 521, 20;
- when carrying two or more children: 246.58 * 194 = 47 835.62;
- with complications during childbirth: 246.58 * 156 = 38 465, 75.
Childcare allowance for children under 3 years old
A system of assistance to citizens who are on maternity leave with a child up to 3 years old is working in Russia. Every month they receive child benefits, they pay forty percent of the average salary in the first year and a half, and the employer receives monthly compensation of 50 rubles for the remaining year and a half (the amount was established back in 1994). Accrual at the place of employment occurs after writing the application to the employer. But the majority of women on maternity leave because of banal ignorance do not receive this payment.
After 1.5 years, some constituent entities of the Russian Federation have additional social benefits. But the amount of charges depends on the initiative of the city administration and is calculated taking into account the district budget. In 2017, the number of recipients of these charges will decrease due to the establishment of a new criterion of need.
In each village, the city authorities recalculate this coefficient. Its recalculation is affected by: the number of children in the family, the average salary in the city, the average salary of the parent.
Categories of people who can receive childcare allowance for a child under 3 years old
Presidential Decree No. 1110 defines the categories of Russians who can receive 50 rubles of the so-called allowance. This social payment is provided:
- citizens who care for the baby and have an employment contract with the employer;
- unemployed women who do not receive unemployment benefits;
- military mothers;
- women working in military units outside the Russian Federation;
- employees on decree who were dismissed due to the closure (liquidation) of the institution.
After writing a statement at the place of work, a decision is made to issue benefits within ten days. It is important to take into account that a document from the antenatal clinic, a birth certificate of the baby, a certificate from the place of employment of the father (or mother, if the father will receive help), a copy of the passport, a certificate from the second place of work (if the mother works in two organizations at the same time) must be attached to the document ), otherwise the personnel department may simply not accept the application. In the future, funds are accrued every month from the moment the decree begins. The company transfers the funds to the employee’s salary card on the day the monthly assistance is paid.