Unfortunately, our country is going through a difficult period, when many people have no jobs. The share of the non-working population is increasing from year to year, and, according to experts, this trend will continue. And this means that more and more people will acquire the legal status of unemployed. This issue is currently one of the most discussed. What are the rights and obligations of an unemployed citizen? Is it possible to recover alimony from him? This article will answer these questions.
If unemployment touched unexpectedly
It must be understood that if a person crosses the threshold of organization with a work book in his hands, this does not make him unemployed. According to the legislation, this category of the population includes able-bodied citizens who do not have earnings and income, are registered with employment services, receive monthly benefits, look for work and are always ready to start it. It turns out that if a person has lost his job, first you need to get registered with special authorities. It is possible that he will not be unemployed if he immediately finds a suitable place.
To register, you need the following documents: passport, work book, income statement for the last three months and a diploma. After 11 days after entering the list of unemployed people will be paid benefits. Jobs in the employment service can be very diverse: from a loader to a manager. The unemployed person must choose, wait for an offer or retrain for a new profession.
Unemployed rights
A non-working population, like any other category of citizens, has its rights and obligations. The state, for its part, ensures the implementation of all guarantees that are granted to humans. Rights of unemployed citizens:
- to choose a place of future employment independently, not only within the country;
- consultation in specialized services and training;
- free retraining of a new profession, training and retraining, the opportunity to take advanced training courses;
- receive a monthly allowance;
- take part in community service.
In addition, the state provides separate guarantees for certain categories of citizens. For example, people with disabilities have quotas for employment.
Responsibilities of the non-working population
The legal status of the unemployed, his rights and obligations are enshrined in the Law on Employment in the Russian Federation. Therefore, all the actions of such a person are clearly regulated. Among the duties of a citizen who does not have permanent employment, there are:
- active job search;
- provision of originals (photocopies of documents must not be attached);
- if the employment center sends for an interview, be sure to visit him;
- periodic re-registration.
Many experts believe that re-registration at least twice a month is the main debt of the unemployed. In practice, a person may lose this status if he does not attend the employment service where he is registered. In addition, fraudulent benefits are not allowed. Therefore, in case of illness or employment, you must inform the inspector without fail.
Employment centers
The employment service is the main institution that determines the rights and obligations of the unemployed, determines their legal status, payment of benefits. The unemployed person must fulfill all the obligations regarding these centers.You should visit him on time, submit a report on the results of the interview. In addition, it is necessary to actively seek work without waiting for offers and directions.
Unemployed people registered with employment services have certain advantages. They can undergo free training, receive information about new jobs. In addition, the non-working population is entitled to certain payments. Jobs employment services allow a person to both wait for an offer in the old profession, and learn a new one. Their list is periodically updated, so everyone will sooner or later find a suitable place.
Allowance amount
According to our legislation, payments are made to the unemployed in the Russian Federation. Of course, this question excites them the most. However, in order to receive the maximum amount, certain conditions must be met. So, in the first three months, the size of the benefit is calculated as 75% of the average salary from the last place of work. The next four months this figure will be 60%, then it drops to 45%. At the same time, restrictions have been established: the amount of benefits cannot be less than 850 rubles and more than 4900 rubles. Such tariffs are valid from 2009 to the present day. In the future, it is expected to raise the maximum amount to 8,000 rubles.
The minimum size of payments, according to the law governing the rights and obligations of the unemployed, is claimed by people who are employed for the first time. This category also includes those who registered in the service after a year or more of a break from work, and persons who worked with an individual entrepreneur. For a large amount, those dismissed for violation of discipline or at their own request can count.
Is child support recovered from the unemployed?
As you know, in most cases, child support is collected from the calculation of the share of the father’s salary. For example, for one child - 25%, for two - 33%, and for three - 50%. What if the person who is required to make payments does not have a regular income? In this case, it is recommended that you receive child support in hard cash.
If the father does not work, has no earnings, it is most advisable to use this method. It will allow you not to worry about payments, regardless of the employment of the debtor. It turns out that child support from the unemployed is recovered, but in a different order.
Speaking about the amount of payments, it should be noted that the subsistence minimum of the region where the debtor lives is taken as the basis. This value changes every quarter, so you should be careful. The final amount of alimony is determined by the court.
The only minus of the hard sum of money is the fact that the debtor can be employed informally and have a high level of income, while paying very little. In this case, you should file a lawsuit in court to review the amount of alimony.
New opportunities
As already noted, employment centers determine the rights and obligations of the unemployed. In this regard, the unemployed person has the opportunity to get a new specialty. In practice, this can be done, because in each such institution the list of professions that they offer to study is constantly updated. In most cases, these are working specialties or something like accounting. However, if a person does not intend to become a locksmith or an economist, it is possible to organize other courses.
Employees of the employment service collect applications from people about their desired professions and, as soon as a certain group gathers, they begin training. Moreover, during the development of a new specialty, a scholarship is paid, which cannot but rejoice.
Subsidies for the unemployed
Oddly enough, the state helps the non-working population not only by paying benefits. So, for this category of citizens, subsidies are offered for paying utility bills. They are given in case of a difficult situation and lack of debt on past payments.To receive such a subsidy, you must submit the necessary documents and a declaration of income.
In some areas of our country, unemployed help is available in starting a business. To get it, you need to go through a special course of lectures, testing and draw up a business plan. A subsidy is granted only if the commission finds this plan promising.
It can be concluded that the legal status of the unemployed is determined by the lack of regular income and earnings. In addition, this category of the population has not only rights, but also obligations that must be fulfilled.