Every year the number of persons of foreign citizenship coming to Russia is increasing. Foreigners arrive in search of a better share, in order to obtain a profitable job and improve living conditions. Many of them plan to stay for a long period, some want to obtain Russian citizenship in the future.
Persons who are not Russian citizens have the right to stay in the Russian Federation for no more than three months. To extend their stay up to three years, they are required to register a temporary residence permit - RVP. And here a logical question arises: RVP - what is it?
The concept
RVP is an approved document confirming the legal status of a stateless person or a foreign resident. RVP is a sufficient basis for official residence in Russia.
RVPs were first registered in 2002 according to the Federal Law “On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation”. The very procedure for applying for a RVP is the initial stage for the subsequent obtaining of a residence permit, as well as Russian citizenship.
The registration of RVP for citizens does not need:
- highly qualified foreign specialists with their families;
- citizens of Belarus.
The number of RVPs issued annually in each region of Russia is limited by the quota established by the Government of the Russian Federation. If the limit of applications for obtaining RVP has reached its limit value, a foreigner will be able to issue a RVP only next year, or this year, by contacting the migration authority of another region. However, in some cases, the law provides for preferential receipt of RVP, which allows not to consider the quota.
The number of quotas established in Russia on RVP in 2017 amounted to 110,880, which is slightly less than in the previous few years. 2000 quotas were allocated for Moscow, and 1500 for St. Petersburg.
Design Benefits
Registered RVP has a number of positive aspects:
- residence and stay in the Russian territory for 3 years;
- the possibility of applying for a job under a labor agreement;
- applying for free medical care;
visits to local hospitals; - the possibility of obtaining a TIN;
- optional army service;
- starting your own business and registering as an individual entrepreneur;
- registration of a three-year visa, allowing to cross the borders of the Russian state without restrictions.
Limitations
Bans for RVP holders - what is it and how are they manifested?
There are a number of such limitations:
- Foreign citizens, even after receiving a RVP, can be employed only at the place of registration of the permit.
- An individual cannot leave the territory of the Russian Federation for a period exceeding six months.
- If the RVP has not been issued, a second application can be submitted only after 1 year.
- Foreigners receive the right to almost unlimited movement almost throughout Russia, except for closed subjects of the Russian Federation. These can be organizations with a regulated regime for foreigners, some closed territorial entities, military camps.
- Non-residents of the Russian Federation with RWP do not have electoral authority. Also, they cannot work in companies that ensure the state security of the country.
Persons to whom permission is issued
In order to receive RVP, an individual must file an application. The authority to submit an application has:
- stateless persons - stateless persons;
- legal representatives of legally incapable persons on whom it is necessary to issue a RVP;
- foreign migrants;
- parents for their minor children.
The application is submitted to the local FMS body in accordance with the address of residence.
Required documents
The documents listed below must be submitted by the migrant to the FMS in order to receive RWP:
- Two statements. A correctly completed sample of the application for RVP is presented on the FMS public website.
- Clear 3 x 4 photographs in the amount of two pieces (3 copies - for stateless persons). It is permissible to provide a photo where the applicant is wearing glasses with transparent lenses. Head-shots are also permitted if the opposite is not possible for religious reasons, and in public the applicant always walks with his head covered.
- An identity card issued by a state of nationality three or more months ago.
- A medical certificate or other paper proving the absence of drug addiction and dangerous infectious diseases (a list of which is indicated in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 188).
- Certificate proving that an individual is not HIV-infected.
- Confirmation of the right to reside outside the home state.
- A document indicating the absence of a criminal record.
- Receipt of payment of state duty for 1600 rubles.
Documents submitted in a foreign language must be accompanied by translations into Russian, which are notarized. All copies of documents also need official certification by a notary.
Registration of permission for minors
If a citizen who is not competent or has reached the age of majority needs RWP, then all the necessary documents are collected by legal representatives or parents. The main list of documents corresponds to the above list. RVP application must be signed on the back, by legal representative or parent. Additionally, it is necessary to present:
- Document proving incapability of the applicant.
- Document confirming the authority of the legal representative.
- Notarized consent of a child who has reached the age of ten years to move to another country.
- A document indicating the absence of a criminal record of a minor who is 14 years old.
Getting RVP through marriage
You can register a temporary residence permit when married to a citizen of the Russian Federation. Then the process of obtaining RVP will be a preferential option, the quota in this case is not taken into account.
It is only necessary to comply with the following requirements:
- marriage must be officially confirmed;
- one of the spouses is registered in Russia and is a resident of the Russian Federation.
In the list of documents required to obtain a RVP, you need to add the passport of a spouse who is a resident of the Russian Federation, and a certificate of marriage registration. The rest of the procedure for issuing a RVP is no different from the general order. The application will be considered within a month.
Registration process
When carrying out the registration procedure, it is advisable to first verify the absence of benefits for its provision, and then submit documents in the order of the general queue, in which the allocated quota is taken into account.
The deadline for receipt is 6 months, starting from the moment all necessary papers are submitted. Foreign residents with visa-free entry permissions sometimes get RVPs after just two months. In this case, a certificate of the absence of drug addiction and infectious diseases, as well as HIV, must be submitted no later than one month after the application is submitted.
Sometimes there are delays in the issuance of documents. In this case, you can check the readiness of the permit by personal appeal to the FMS or through a search on the website of the migration service, which also provides information on what the sample of the SIA looks like and what papers are needed to draw it up.
RWP is issued in the same FMS body where the application was submitted. Foreign citizens put the appropriate mark in the passport. Stateless receives RVP as a separate document.
RVP - what is it and what information is contained in it? The issued mark or certificate issued to the stateless person must contain the following details:
- the text “Temporary residence allowed”;
- applicant's citizenship, date of birth, gender and initials;
- number, date of issue and final date of validity of the RVP;
- names of the migration authority;
- The region for which the permit is valid.
RWP is issued for three years, it is impossible to extend the period of its use.
Refusal to provide
A permit may not be issued by the FMS unit if:
- the application is incorrectly completed;
- not all required documents are provided;
- mistakenly specified personal data;
- submitted documents do not comply with legal requirements;
- quota limit reached;
- false documents provided;
- state duty not paid;
- the applicant has broken the law;
- upon visa-free arrival in the Russian Federation, an identity document was not submitted.
A refusal to issue or cancellation of a permit can be appealed within three days in court or by contacting a higher body of the FMS. While the appeal procedure is underway, a citizen has the right to remain on the territory of the Russian Federation. If the claim is not satisfied, he will have to leave the country.
Obtaining a residence permit
After the RVP has been received, you need to proceed to the registration of a residence permit.
In this case, you must again contact the FMS unit, having prepared the following papers:
- documents identifying the identity of the applicant and the host;
- RVP;
- photo in the amount of two pieces;
- receipt indicating payment of the fee;
- a document confirming the availability of housing for which registration will take place (employment contract, consent of family members, certificate of ownership, etc.).
The deadline for submitting documents is seven business days after receipt of the RVP. If a resident of the Russian Federation receives a migrant, he must make a personal visit to the FMS.
Persons who have reached the age of twelve will additionally have to undergo fingerprinting.
the confirmation
RVP confirmation procedure - what is it and how is it carried out?
The legislation of the Russian Federation establishes that RWP must be confirmed twice in three years. To do this, you must submit a migration notice of stay, as well as a document on the availability of income. This is done first after the first year for two months, and then - when the second year ends from the moment of receipt of the PRP. In case of failure to meet deadlines, it is necessary to present serious reasons for such a delay.
In case of non-presentation of these papers, a migrant may be imposed a penalty of several thousand rubles or canceled the RVP. If the cancellation of the PRP has occurred, a new permit will only be available after 12 months.
RVP becomes invalid and does not extend after three years. If registration of a residence permit has not been completed, the migrant can apply for a new permit only after crossing the borders of the Russian Federation a year later.
Conclusion
To obtain Russian citizenship, you must first apply for a RVP - this is an obligatory stage. The presence of this document will allow you to legally reside in Russia, work, and even sometimes travel outside the Russian Federation for a certain period.
A residence permit grants the same rights as Russian residents. The only exception is the possibility of voting in elections and work for the civil service.
Documents can be collected independently. But, in order to avoid overlaps and to take into account all the legal subtleties, it is advisable to use the services of a professional lawyer. A competent specialist will help you figure out how to get a RVP, and arrange everything in a short time and without unnecessary delays.