That left behind a long-awaited pregnancy, difficult birth, sleepless nights of the first months of the baby's life, painful teething, as well as all the joys and fears associated with these events. Ahead is a bright future, a kindergarten, a school, an institute and doors open to a new, adult life of a child. So all young parents argue. In their plans, this whole process proceeds without a hitch. Mom, having celebrated the first year of her beloved child, longs to get to work as soon as possible. She is firmly convinced that she will attach him to a preschool educational institution without any problems and will be able to resume her work duties, but in fact, not everything is so rosy, because she does not know at what age they are taken to kindergarten!
Many inexperienced parents raising their first child, naively believe that giving the baby to be raised in a municipal kindergarten is an elementary matter, while in reality it is a difficult process, coupled with various problems and difficulties. Today we will try to clarify all the points in the procedure for admission to Kindergarten, and also we will understand how old children are to go to kindergarten and nursery and what mothers and fathers need to do for this.
Following the letter of the law
To understand this issue, you need to know that the process of entering a child in kindergarten is regulated by several standards at once. Like many legislative acts in our country, they largely contradict each other. The greatest number of misunderstandings both among the population and among the responsible persons, who are the heads of the preschool educational institution, is caused by the clause about how old people are taken to kindergarten. The Law on Education in the Russian Federation, in particular, its article under the number 67, says that children from two months old are allowed. The latest version of this document is dated December 2015 and to this day it has not been amended.
So, according to the logic of things, it is from this age that the crumbs are taken to kindergarten. From what age then enroll the child in the queue? Perhaps even before his birth (a joke)! Although everyone who has already begun to think about the kindergarten for their baby, probably managed to find out that places in these institutions are sorely lacking. In Soviet times, most of them were abolished as unnecessary, but when the demographic situation in the country began to improve, the old kindergartens did not open again, and new ones were not built as quickly and not in quantities as necessary. As a result, the officials made a terrific decision, in their opinion, helping to relieve the pre-school institutions, namely, to take there only those kids who were already three years old. This decision is confirmed by Presidential Decree No. 599 of May 7, 2012.
So that parents do not have doubts about the age at which they are taken to kindergarten, each of these organizations in its Charter has set this bar and makes recruitment into groups based on it. That is, kindergarten managers, on completely legal grounds, can refuse parents to accept a child if he is not three years old.
When does the real kindergarten age begin?
Thus, no matter how much mothers and fathers would like to attach their child, if there is a real lack of places in their chosen pre-school institution, the head has the full right to refuse them entry to kindergarten. At what age do they take it for sure? As we have said, when a child reaches three years of age. And then this will not happen "here and now." There is a prescribed procedure for admitting children to preschool educational institutions. According to the law, first the baby must be put on the line.But even if the child is not 3 years old at the time of her approach, they may not take him, although there are exceptions in the territories of some municipalities, for example, in Moscow. At what age are capital kids taken to kindergarten?
As practice shows, in about 2.5 years you can already try. At the moment, the capital’s officials are preparing a decree in which this bar will be reduced to two years, which cannot but rejoice, because often parents cannot stay with the child for three years on maternity leave. At the same time, if the relatives did not worry in a timely manner and did not register with the special commission that registers children in the program that allocates places in preschool educational institutions, they risk starting to take the baby to the kindergarten for about 4-5 years.
What do parents say?
It is easier to find out the most reliable information about at what age they take to kindergarten and in a day nursery at various "mother" forums. There, parents share their own experiences on how and where they gave their kids to be raised in preschool educational institutions.
Judging by the reviews, earlier than in two years, it simply does not work to attach a child. In most cases, parents still have to wait up to three years. As most of them note, children should be queued up in kindergarten immediately after birth - up to a year maximum.
It is a little easier to send a baby to kindergarten ahead of schedule if both parents are officially employed. In this case, there is a real opportunity to get into the group from about 2.5-2.8 years. Often at first, DOU employees offer parents an alternative option to a standard kindergarten stay - GKP. We will talk in more detail about what it is.
What is HCP?
This abbreviation stands for “short stay group”. When representatives of the kindergarten offer parents to give their children to the emergency room, they mean that the baby can go to kindergarten and be there with other children, study, walk and participate in various activities, but on special conditions:
- the child’s time in the garden does not exceed 5 hours per day;
- there is no place for him to sleep;
- the kid in the emergency room doesn’t eat in the kindergarten.
That is, everything happens approximately according to this scenario: a mother brings her child to a group after breakfast, he is engaged with children and teachers, goes for a walk, but his parents come for dinner and pick him up, leaving him no time for lunch. Sometimes babies from GKP are combined into one separate group, but this is only if there is a place for it in the kindergarten. Usually the children are together, only one is in the care of the teachers only before lunch, while others come to kindergarten for a full day. At what age do they take on GKP? As a rule, about 2.5 years before the child begins to go to the usual group, so that he adapts to the team and his new position as a pupil of a preschool educational institution.
Nursing and kindergarten
What about day nurseries - do they exist in our time? In Soviet times, it was quite natural practice when a child was given to kindergarten in a year and a half. The decree was short, no payments were made to mothers, so they had to go to work just a few months after giving birth. Moreover, it is quite natural that during working hours the care of children fell on the shoulders of the state.
However, now most nursery groups are simply reorganized. They operate only in some large cities of the country, and even then they do not accept children earlier than a year and a half. As a rule, babies are required to have basic self-care skills and, of course, be weaned.
The procedure for admission to DOW
So what do you need to do to get to the kindergarten?
- Contact the commission for completing the preschool educational institution at the place where the child lives, with a request that they put him on the queue in the kindergarten. You can select up to three DOWs and wait for the release of space in any of them.
- Wait for the so-called voucher, which opens the doors of the kindergarten in front of the parents and their baby, and go to the manager with the appropriate application for admission and all necessary documents.
Everything seems simple? No, in the second stage the problems are just beginning. In the list of documents, in addition to the application, a copy and originals of the birth certificate, passport and TIN of one of the parents, birth certificates of other children in the family, a medical insurance policy on a child and an open bank account with a registered passbook and a copy of it, you need to undergo a medical examination and prepare a vaccination card for the baby. According to the latest decrees, if a child does not have all the anti-epidemiological vaccines, they have the right to refuse entry into the kindergarten. Such a decision can be argued, similar precedents already exist, but then parents will need to prove that their child is not sick and does not pose a threat to the health of other babies.
How to get around the queue in the kindergarten?
Many parents had to deal with the fact that their turn was standing dead for several months, and there was no place for the child in the chosen kindergarten, and, according to the assurances of the head of the preschool, there would be no. In such situations, it becomes completely unimportant from what age they take to kindergarten for a full day, I want to get into it at least someday, because for some reason other kids go there without any problems. You need to understand that there are categories of citizens with preferential places in kindergartens. These include:
- children who have only one parent (guardian) and at the same time he is employed;
- children of students and especially mothers;
- disabled children of the first and second groups;
- orphans or those under guardianship;
- children of military personnel, judges, prosecutors, police officers, parents engaged in the pedagogical field (if they are subordinate to the Department of Education in Moscow);
- kids from large families, also twins and those who already have brothers or sisters in a particular kindergarten.
As you can see, the list is quite impressive and there is someone to move the line. Purely theoretically, the system of distribution of places in kindergartens is absolutely transparent and does not depend on the human factor, but, as practice shows, this is not always the case. There have been, are and will be cases when children were enrolled in preschool children bypassing all formalities, and it is still unknown how to deal with this.
Who else can take a child to kindergarten earlier?
So far, on the ground, all preschool institutions are guided by a single legislative framework, making no exceptions for their wards. A little more loyal to this in small towns, where the population is not so large, and therefore there is no hard deficit of free places in groups for preschoolers. But in large cities this is a real problem - there are not enough kindergartens, including in Moscow. From what age they take to kindergarten for a full day, we have already said that it is a little easier with the emergency treatment program - you can get a baby there in two years.
But it’s worth trying to break into a preschool educational institution for parents who are forced to work for one reason or another. If both father and mother are officially employed, they are qualified specialists and can prove this, then they have a real opportunity to send the child to kindergarten earlier than three years.
Discounts and compensation for payment
Now let's talk about how much you need to pay for a child in kindergarten. As of 2018, parents whose baby goes to nursery will have to make a payment of about 1,200 rubles a month, expenses for older children will be slightly less - 1,100 rubles. At the same time, the state makes compensation for parents. The discount depends on many factors, for example, the number of children in the family, the income level of the parents, their benefits and their place of employment. The minimum compensation for kindergarten payment is 20% of the payment amount, the maximum is 70%.There is also a group of children who can attend DOW on a free basis - disabled people and babies whose parents have a disability or are military personnel or employees of the educational system.
A little about expensive - private kindergartens
By the way, even without compensation and benefits, municipal kindergartens are quite accessible for citizens, which cannot be said about private preschool educational institutions. The cost of services of such organizations is many times higher and sometimes reaches 25-30 thousand rubles. Of course, good private kindergartens are very different from state ones. The cost of their services, as a rule, includes payment for meals on an individual menu and an extended training program for kids. Recruitment to groups takes place there year-round, children under three years old are taken to such kindergartens, therefore for parents who do not want to lose a highly paid and prestigious job, such DOW is a good opportunity to attach a child during working hours and not worry about his safety.