In the territory of the Russian Federation, a senior adviser is a class rank (classification, degree of professional suitability of an official) of a higher order of justice in the bodies of the prosecutor's office and the investigative committee.
Chin Senior Counselor of Justice before
This rank was established back in the Soviet Union by a decree of the Supreme Council back in 1943. This Decree was called "On the establishment of a class rank for investigative officers of the prosecutor's office." In the Soviet years, the rank was assigned through decrees of the Presidium in relation to persons who held the position of prosecutor.
Position now
In the modern period, the rank is assigned by decree of the President of Russia. The Senior Counselor of Justice corresponds to the position of prosecutor. In the period from 2007 to 2011, this rank was assigned to persons who held the position of first deputy prosecutor general of our country.
Shoulder straps
This element of uniform has its own characteristics. On the shoulder straps of the senior adviser of justice, the gilded state emblem of Russia is embroidered without a shield image. The height of the coat of arms is thirty millimeters. In addition, on the shoulder straps there are three gilt five-pointed stars that have a convex shape. The diameter of each is twenty millimeters. The shoulder strap is blue, the edging and two longitudinal stripes (gaps) are olive-green. Two stars are located on the gaps, and one in the middle. Senior Counselor of Justice is Colonel.
Cool ranks
As already noted above, this term means a kind of service rank (degree) of compliance with the position. Chin reports on the personal rank of the prosecutor as a public servant. A class rank is assigned taking into account the following criteria:
- Current position in the public service.
- The accumulated experience of the employee.
- Knowledge and experience acquired during the period of service and state activity.
- The results of work aimed at strengthening the rule of law, as well as public law and order.
Who is supposed to?
The rank of senior adviser of justice is assigned to the prosecutors of the district, as well as to scientific or pedagogical employees of educational institutions operating on the basis of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation. In addition, a class rank in the territory of Russia is assigned to an employee of the prosecutor's office, taking into account the position held by him, the period of his stay in it, the results of the certification.
Thus, in Russia, a senior justice adviser corresponds to the rank of colonel and is assigned to a prosecutor who has passed the necessary certification and received the appropriate education. The total length of service in the following positions is also taken into account:
- Prosecutors working in Russia.
- Scientific and teaching staff.
- Directors, as well as their deputies, heads of departments and divisions of scientific institutions, performing their activities on the basis of the Russian prosecutor's office for at least six months.
Special order
In advance of order or without following any sequence, cool ranks are assigned in the following cases:
- As part of a promotion to a higher position.
- For the merits of an approximate performance of official duty along with special differences in work.
It should be noted that the next class rank can be assigned above the assigned, but not more than two ranks at once. The exception is the class ranks of state justice advisers of the first, second and third classes.
Promotion rules in the prosecutor's office
So, we have already figured out what cool ranks are.They, according to the current legislation, in our country are assigned to employees of the prosecutor's office. The procedure for assignment is determined by the relevant regulation, which is approved by Regulation No. 659. Thus, a class rank is a special rank, as well as the personal rank of a prosecutor. In Russia it is:
- Junior lawyers.
- Lawyers of the first, second, and also third grade.
- Junior Counselors of Justice.
- Counselors of Justice.
- Senior Counselors of Justice.
- State Counselors of Justice of the first, second, and also third grade.
Class ranks are assigned in strict accordance with the post. Also takes into account the total length of service. Getting the next rank speaks of career growth, and also indicates the professional success of an employee of the prosecutor's office. Senior Counselor of Justice is not the limit of appointments. There is always the possibility of obtaining a higher rank.
Senior Counselor of Justice: Professional Activities
I wonder what responsibilities are assigned to those who are assigned this rank? The professional activities of prosecutors are extremely complex and very multifaceted. The main areas of work, its goals and objectives are determined by the functions of the prosecutor's office. All are listed in federal law. If we analyze the functions of counselors of justice, as well as the content and conditions of their practice, we can distinguish a number of different features of the work of prosecutors.
The first feature is strict legal regulation. As already noted, the main directions, tasks and goals of prosecutorial supervision along with official duties are specified in the legislation. In addition, the procedure for the exercise of their functions by justice advisers is detailed in the Code of Criminal Procedure and other acts and materials.
Possible ways to exercise authority
In the aggregate, normative documents carefully regulate the procedure for a senior justice adviser to fulfill his official duties. The following options are provided in the regulatory framework:
- A form of response to all kinds of violations of laws in various areas of prosecutorial supervision.
- The procedure for the participation of justice advisers in litigation.
- The procedure for protesting sentences upon appeal to the cassation instances.
- The procedure for filing complaints, claims and the like.
Deviation from the established requirements can be considered as a violation of the law, which will indicate a low level of professional training and qualifications. The peculiarity of prosecutorial activity leads to the formation of respect for the law, as well as the desire to strictly adhere to all established legal norms. The need to comply with them is one of the leading and dominant among the other socially significant preferences of prosecutors.
The legislation states that a senior adviser of justice has a wide range of powers, the use of which, if necessary, can often significantly affect the interests of citizens or all kinds of legal entities and institutions, restricting their rights. For this reason, the use of power requires prosecutors to have an extremely high level of personal responsibility for all their actions and decisions.
Other provisions
Also distinguishing features of the professional activities of senior justice advisers are their special status, legal independence and independence from influences that may come from any government bodies, as well as from any officials. This is the basis for the basic principle of independence of the prosecutor's office. This means that no one has the right to force the prosecutor to act contrary to his inner convictions.
The peculiarity and psychological content of the activities of justice advisers
The professional activity of prosecutors has a characteristic feature, which consists in a large number of all kinds of contacts with completely different people with whom, on duty, justice advisers have to engage in opposition or cooperation. In this regard, we can distinguish the following options for the specifics of the activities of the senior adviser of justice and other prosecutors:
- Acceptance of various complaints, as well as applications from citizens.
- Communication with citizens who are called to provide explanations in the process of prosecutorial verification of violations of the law.
- Regular interaction with officials representing various bodies of state power and administration.
- Personal participation of prosecutors in investigative actions due to the management of the investigation of various crimes.
- Performances in court as a public prosecutor.
All of the above options for activity are various types of situations in which the communicative activities of prosecutors are carried out in a procedural or non-procedural manner.
In terms of their psychological content, the activities of justice advisers seem extremely controversial. Often, prosecutors have to deal with the open or hidden nature of opposition from those who have violated the law, as well as from those who are trying to evade responsibility. In practice, prosecutors often have to deal with pressure on them to influence decisions.
Impact measures
In the event that the stakes in such a confrontation are high, the most diverse measures of influence on the "inconvenient" prosecutor can be used:
- Fabrication of public opinion.
- All kinds of attempts to discredit and discredit an official. Often this can happen with the use of the media as part of the use of “telephone law”.
- Direct threats to the life and health of an employee of the prosecutor's office, as well as his family and friends.
That is why the activities of the prosecutor are extremely extreme, as well as high psychological and emotional stress.
In addition, the tension in the work is associated with the need to conduct an intensive analysis of a significant amount of complex diverse information, often including misinformation. All this happens against the background of a lack of time. It is worth saying that nervous and mental overloads can often be aggravated by an irregular change in pace and working conditions. There is a violation of the usual daily life. There is a forced rejection of regular rest. Often, poor material and technical equipment is provided for work, which consists in the absence of the necessary office equipment, as well as communications and transport facilities.
The flip side of the profession
Thus, the main features of the top posts of prosecutors, characteristic of service in such authorities, are a whole complex that distinguishes these posts from other types of state activity and fully justifies the assignment of such high class ranks. All these features give reason to raise the issue of separating prosecutorial work into a separate, full-fledged type of service. Perhaps this will be considered in the process of the subsequent development of the legislation of state activity in our country.
Rights of a public prosecutor
The general rights of prosecutors are enshrined in Federal Law No. 2202-1. It should be noted that the following rights are enjoyed not only by prosecutors, but also by public servants (Federal Law No. 79). 
So, in the specified state document the following rights are listed:
- Providing the necessary organizational and technical conditions that are required for the performance of official duties.
- Familiarization with the job regulations, as well as other documents that determine the rights (according to the replaced position), reflect the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness.
- The receipt in the prescribed manner of information and materials that are required for the performance of official duties.
- Access to all state authorities and other organizations in the process of fulfilling their duties.
- The right to career growth, which takes place on a competitive basis, as well as to retraining, internship and advanced training.
- The right to material security and rest.
- The right to retirement benefits in the framework of civil service record.
We figured out the concept of a senior justice adviser. Who is this, his terms of reference and the possibility of further growth - all these issues have been raised by us.