A person is not able to eat chips along with packaging, drink beer at the same time as a bottle, carry clothes to a state of dust. Many things that have become unnecessary remain after their operation. Unsuitable products for further use, spoiled food, move along the chain "bucket - container - landfill", very rarely - "bag - container - landfill" and very often "bag - the closest fence."
A pile of garbage is not only an aesthetic object. Waste dumped anywhere - the basis for the development of colonies of pathogenic bacteria and rodents. To comply with sanitary standards, municipalities organize the collection of accumulated garbage outside the residential area. A landfill is a household waste disposal site organized by local authorities.
Threw and forgot
New cities in Russia have not been built for a long time. The waste concentration areas around existing cities and settlements were planned at least half a century ago. An enchanting picture is observed - the mountain massifs of trash in the ring of residential quarters.
Landfill is a local landfill site for garbage storage. It is understood that the wealth brought here will never be processed and used. The horror is that the illiquid stocks sprinkled nearby and not sorted have the ability to decompose at different speeds and form poisonous compounds of solid, liquid and gaseous consistency upon decomposition. As a result, non-renewable resources are reduced - the land is destroyed, surface and groundwater are infected, it is impossible to breathe air.
Landfills are the result of an illiterate and irresponsible environmental and economic policy. With growing consumption, urgent design and construction of waste processing plants is necessary. This is an expensive investment. But there are things that after a short time you can’t buy for money - fertile land, water suitable for drinking, air without dangerous impurities.
Punish nature - punish man
There are territories littered with garbage without the permission of the authorities. These can be “heaps at the fence”, “glades in the coppice” and “heaps in the steppe”. Placing rubbish in the wrong place is administratively punishable. In the Administrative Code in the eighth section, a fine is prescribed for an unauthorized dump:
- the townsfolk - one - two thousand Russian rubles;
- individual entrepreneurs - 30-50 thousand rubles;
- person in the position - 10,000 - 30,000 rubles;
- companies - 100 - 200 thousand rubles.
Such a violation is classified as intentional and accidental. If an enterprise or a person has dirtied their native nature “by stupidity”, then the lower limit of the interval should be applied. With the planned littering of the unauthorized area, the punishment is assigned according to the upper value of the interval.
For one event a citizen can be punished once. Companies usually receive two fines - one is imposed on the legal entity for poor control over the implementation of laws, the second on the official responsible for the implementation of measures for the safe management of waste at the enterprise.
Use scientific and technical knowledge
To reduce the harmful effects on the environment, a solid waste landfill is being built - a technical construction. The composition of municipal solid waste is diverse, and the degree of impact of the components of garbage on land, water and air varies. Structures are mounted at the landfill so that the results of decomposition of waste in the form of exhaust gases, mineralization and compaction of dumps are minimized and neutralized.
Special underground insulated storages accumulate garbage.But it is not for nothing that there is a saying - "the water will find a hole." Absolute isolation can only be created using space technology, which is certainly expensive. Affordable facilities have welding and docking points where liquid sooner or later begins to leak out. In addition, before placing garbage in storage tanks, the volumes will be stored in an open area. The risk of food entering the ground and surface waters is not zero. Therefore, it is preferable to build a landfill with a waste recycling plant.
The design of solid waste landfills is accompanied by an environmental impact assessment procedure. In the process of checking documentation for compliance with laws and regulations, hearings are held with the participation of interested parties. As a result, the project is rejected or approved.
For example, in the city of Chelyabinsk, the initial version provided for the arrangement of a landfill on the territory between the Kopeysk and Krasnoarmeysky districts. But residents and even local authorities were outraged. Environmental departments also challenged the project. The reason for the disagreement was that large areas of drinking water were concentrated in the mentioned areas.
Instead of a year of ecology, an ecologically beautiful life
Landfill is an evil for the townspeople, a headache for municipal authorities and enterprises. Problems with the growing clutter of territories exist not only in capitals, but in all cities. Moscow and St. Petersburg problems voiced by central television. Regional situations are discussed at the local level.
In 2017, landfill management became a prominent topic. The year of ecology was announced; accordingly, the line “environmental protection” has grown in numbers in the budgets.
Consider, for example, the city of Chelyabinsk. The landfill occupies 80 hectares of land. And not just somewhere far from the settlement. Distance:
- to the housing estate - 1 km;
- to the beloved and accessible Lake First - 4 km;
- to the Shershnevsky reservoir - 10 km.
With the appropriate wind, people feel unpleasant odors. When a landfill ignites, discomfort increases.
It is necessary to move the garbage collection and storage site to a deserted place. The commission is exploring the location of the landfill in the Sosnovsky district.
Motion vector
You must be aware that the landfill is a half measure. After 30 years, the problem is updated. As a result, there will be no free and clean place. The way out is in the separate collection of garbage and the construction of processing plants.
In the meantime, every conscious citizen makes a feasible contribution to the protection of the environment. A good example is in the city of Miass. Interested people arrange flower beds in place of the former mini-dump. In early summer, environmental raids are carried out along the shore of Lake Turgoyak, and garbage left by vacationers is collected. Organize collection points for used batteries. Instill a separate waste collection culture. People love their native Ural town and try to maintain their habitat.