A technical customer is an association that provides a full range of engineering services in construction, from the development of the project to the commissioning of the finished object. If we analyze its functions in a detailed way, it becomes obvious that the responsibility of the technical customer is much wider than it seems initially. He plays the role of not only a professional executor in terms of preparing permits and going through the necessary approvals procedure, but also a partner who acts as an expert in organizing construction sites; obtaining the proper technical conditions associated with connecting to utilities; control in finance and so on. What components include contractor services? How does entry into the SRO take place? Does the technical customer need this? You can find answers to these and other equally interesting questions in the process of familiarization with the materials of this article.
The history and validity of the concept
As it turned out, a technical customer in construction is a key link, because it is he who directly controls the process and effectively interacts absolutely with all the entities taking part in it. He plays the role of a coordinator who carries out technical supervision, which corresponds to each of the relevant stages, as well as controlling the timing and quality of construction. Where did such a modern concept as technical customer?
Technical customer (contractor) as an independent term, it officially appeared in the 1980s. At that time, the Soviet Gosstroy approved the relevant provision. So, the state customer has formed a special service, the activities of which included preparation for the construction process, as well as modern technical customer functionshaving a supervisory nature. It is important to note that this service fully coped with its own obligations (in particular, with the control function in terms of quality). By the way, after the Soviet political system collapsed, it turned out to be perfectly prepared for work under the new circumstances, which, undoubtedly, was a positive trend.
Modern period
The need for a technical customer is an urgent need of the modern market. Why? The fact is that his activities are multifaceted. So, for its implementation requires knowledge acquired over the years. It is important to note that not a single specialty corresponds to the technical supervision of the customer. Representatives of such a difficult service emphasize that practice is important here for many years. As you know, this is not taught even at the most prestigious university. A technical customer is one who, in the implementation of a whole range of currently relevant services, is guided by their own contractual obligations. So, if there are contracts, there are legal aspects of their implementation, among which are administrative documentation, decisions of the judiciary and so on.
Interestingly, the legal term of the technical customer, as well as the definition of his duties and rights, was not until recently. Characterizing technical customer documentation appeared only in 2011, because it was then that he was officially recognized in society.So, he became a full-fledged subject in the construction industry. It is important to know that amendments to the previously approved Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation were noted through the Federal Law of 11.28.2011.
The technical customer is legal or physical (operating on a professional basis) person who is authorized by the developer and empowered to act on his behalf. Today, this term appears in many articles of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation. However, in paragraph twenty-two, a full-fledged concept of a technical customer is given, and its functionality is clearly defined. Thus, the technical customer is obligated to conclude contracts for the implementation of engineering surveys, preparation of design documents, construction, reconstruction, overhaul of current facilities; prepare tasks for the implementation of these types of work; provide persons who carry out engineering surveys or carry out the preparation of design papers, reconstruction, construction, overhaul in respect of certain objects, documents and materials necessary for the implementation of these types of work; approve project documentation; sign the papers that are necessary to obtain a permit corresponding to the commissioning of the facility; perform other functions provided for by this Code. It is important to add that the developer is endowed with the absolute right to implement all the functions of the technical customer in an independent manner.
Significance of the technical customer
Often, a technical customer is compared with a conductor in an orchestra, a movie producer, or a locomotive in the composition. For an objective and full understanding of its significance in construction, it would be advisable to dwell in more detail on the functions assigned to it. According to the words developer (technical customer), its main task is the technical support of both pre-project and project documents, as well as project management at the stage of its formation and further coordination. The technical customer is, as it were, the organizer of the interaction process between its participants. It is he who establishes a key connection between customers (investors), contractors, designers, as well as coordinating authorities. If we take into account the interests of each of the represented entities, we can see that the technical customer is responsible for the timely delivery of the project, which is in full compliance with the previously outlined scheme and complies with current rules and standards.
The work of the technical customer in practice
It is advisable to give a specific example of the activities of a technical customer. It is necessary to imagine that there is a certain plot of land on which the investor (customer) decides to build a multi-storey building. In addition, there is an urban development plan for this site. It is on the basis of the latter that various kinds of documentation should be prepared. Its aggregate includes such papers as a lease agreement, an urgent gratuitous use of a land plot for the period of designing and further construction of the facility, as well as papers on transferring a land plot to the necessary category and registration of land-property relations.
In other words, technical customer service he puts a flurry of paper on his shoulders and this marks the beginning of preliminary design work, as well as the preparation of a whole set of initial permits. Further more.It should be noted that after the formation and further coordination of the planning and architectural concept, it is necessary to obtain conditions of a technical orientation corresponding to the connection of the object to the already developed engineering networks. Also, just getting them is not all the work. The validity of all technical conditions that are issued must be confirmed by state operating organizations (and there are an incredible amount of them today). It is necessary to supplement that the conditions considered concern water supply, electricity, heat supply, telephone, wastewater, radio, gasification, and also outdoor lighting.
Hard way
As it turned out, customer specifications (investor) involves the passage of a number of stages. So, having passed through the offices of the Moscow heating network structure, Mosenergo, Mossvet, MOEK, Mosgaz, Mosvodokanal and other associations, the technical customer in absolute combat readiness can proceed to the next stage. In addition to the cherished conditions of a technical orientation, in a package of documents necessary for the implementation of tenders and competitions for the selection of a project association, he puts a plan of a land plot, which is agreed in advance, an archival geo-basis, an architectural concept in terms of landing on a land plot and other information.
Customer technical supervision after making a choice, the organization involves the development of design estimates. It is important to note that in this case it is necessary and necessary to preliminarily conclude a contract with the design structure for the implementation of certain works within strictly established deadlines. Tasks received from designers are somehow coordinated with the Moscow Architecture Committee, as well as the Department of Health and Education, the Department of Housing Policy, the Department of Housing, and so on. You need to know that the design estimates proposed technical contract, under any circumstances, undergo an environmental review and an examination of fire and industrial safety.
Transfer of the project to the customer
It is important to note that only after the conclusion of the Moscow State Expertise has been received, the project is transferred to the hands of the customer (investor) in order to implement tenders corresponding to the choice of the contractor, suppliers of building materials, equipment and so on. AT technical customer services includes preparation of materials for the competition, tracking the timing of its holding. In other words, he takes an active part in the organizational matter relating directly to the construction process.
Finally, the development team is fully formed! However, before opening the way for her to the site, the technical customer must obtain the appropriate permission. It is necessary to draw up documentation related to the allocation of land for construction work. In addition, for the duration of this work, permits should be obtained from all operational structures of the territorial unit for the use of relevant communications. By the way, a permit for construction work in the area of electricity transmission lines in the right of way of roads and railways, engineering structures and underground utilities is often necessary. It should be noted that SRO admission to technical customer needed to implement their own functions, which include monitoring the timing and quality of work at the facility. Although this item is optional.
Technical Customer Functions
Today, the following items are included in a number of the most important tasks of the technical customer service:
- Collection and preparation of initial permits.
- Support of the design process.
- Examination of projects.
- Obtaining permission for the implementation of construction work.
- Implementation of technical supervision in the construction plan.
- Putting capital construction projects into operation.
Technical Customer Competence
Currently, many people incorrectly perceive the structure considered in the article as an auxiliary association capable of competently and quickly preparing permits and making the necessary approvals. In fact, this is a partner company that understands certain issues at the expert level. As a rule, they affect the following aspects:
- Organization of construction work at the site.
- Obtaining technical conditions in order to connect to utilities.
- Control in terms of spending money and so on.
It is important to note that the structure, which is the technical customer, is vested with a key role in managing the construction process and establishing effective interaction between all its participants. In addition, she is engaged in technical supervision, in other words, ensures the maximum quality of construction, as well as meeting the deadlines provided for by the current project.
The need for a technical customer
Today, often a technical customer who works as a limited liability company is objectively needed by the construction market, because it is he who is engaged in multilateral activities. It is important to note that to conduct the latter one way or another, the necessary knowledge acquired over the years. By the way, that tolerance SRO to technical customer necessary for the implementation of their own functions, which include monitoring the timing and quality of work at the facility. Work with him is progressing much faster and more efficiently, but this admission is not a mandatory item.
In order to fully understand the significance of the structure of the technical customer, it is necessary to realize in as much detail as possible what types of work he undertakes. In addition to the preparation of documentation, which is fully described in the previous chapters, the technical customer organizes fruitful contact between all participants in the process, including:
- Direct customers (investors).
- Designers
- Contractors
- Supervisory authorities that issue the necessary permits for construction.
It should be noted that the technical customer service department is in one way or another obliged to take into account the interests of all parties, as well as organize the delivery of the capital construction project on time, provided that it complies with regulatory documents and relevant requirements.
Important points
In the previous chapters, the stages of the professional activity of the technical customer are described in detail, and its functionality is also specified. It turned out that he, in accordance with the definition, is engaged in the elimination of all issues related to the preparation of a land plot for development. However, it was not said that he is vested with the right to manage the transplantation and felling of trees and other plantings that are in the construction zone. It is important to note that for the performance of certain operations, the technical customer is obliged to prove the need, for example, cutting down. In addition, in this case, specialists working in the corresponding department of the administration should go to the construction site. In the process of providing the considered services in construction, the following operations are implemented that are somehow included in the area of responsibility of the technical customer:
- The formation of the geodetic center of construction.
- Breakdown of building routes, as well as their axes.
- Monitoring of structures and buildings directly in the construction process.
- Supervision of drilling and exploration work, which are included in the survey in preparation for construction.
It is important to note that the article does not present the entire list of functions of the technical customer in the preparation of construction and design, known today. Nevertheless, it is already clear from these data that the volume of his work is quite serious. It will also be advisable to address the issue of responsibility of the technical customer in the construction process.
When carrying out construction work, the technical customer carries out technical supervision and control. It is important to supplement that he checks not only the qualitative characteristics of the structures and materials used, but also the serviceability of the equipment used. So, the head of the service is an inspector who monitors such nuances as the volume of work performed, the cost of their execution, as well as the timing and, of course, quality.
When construction takes the final step, the technical customer completes its activity. He prepares the documentation that is required for acceptance of the capital construction object and its subsequent commissioning. Thus, the employer receives a full package of papers necessary to register their own right to own the property. It must be added that this includes BTI documents, as well as warranty obligations.
Is it mandatory to enter the SRO to implement the functionality of a technical customer? Not! Nevertheless, after studying the norms prescribed in the Federal Law, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Town Planning Code, it becomes obvious that without this permit he will not be able to carry out certain actions, for example, to control the quality of construction work at the facility.
In conclusion, it should be added that the special direction of the technical customer is the control of financial resources allocated by the investor. So, he takes on the following obligations:
- Coordination with the contractor of the cost of construction work
- Checking invoices for work performed, presented for payment.
- Control of spending money within the approved budget.
- Preparation of reports on the use of allocated funds on time.
- Tracking the accuracy of accounting.