Land ownership is very prestigious. Everyone wants to have their own home, especially for residents of big cities. However, it is not always possible to purchase a suitable cottage, cottage or individual house-building, and the price does not always suit. Citizens who wish to own real estate in the country, buying land, are faced with concepts such as private property, private housing, SNT and DNP. All of them characterize what the earth is specifically intended for.
Land categories
What is the difference between IZHS and LPH? Let's figure it out. Land plots on the territory of the Russian Federation are classified according to the status of alienation, departmental principle and purpose. The main forms of civil circulation are those areas where individual residential objects are located, that is, IZHS, and agricultural activities, that is, private household plots, are used for the cultivation of non-food and food plants, various land and livestock. Let's consider a question in more detail.
LPH lands are issued or acquired by a family and an individual citizen for the production of agricultural products: activities cannot be directed to receive dividends, and products obtained in this case can be used exclusively for own needs. This form of ownership is a consequence of the system that existed in the USSR, when grown animals and a garden could not be used as one of the methods of enrichment.
Land plots for private housing are intended as an instrument for exercising the right to housing of every citizen, which is provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation:
- the construction of a residential building is carried out at the expense of the money owned by the owner;
- the structure being built has a number of limitations;
- this building should be used by only one family;
- house building can be no more than three floors high.
Now there are lending programs for certain categories of people who can resort to state support in the process of building individual housing. What is the difference between IZHS and LPH, many are interested.
Legal form of ownership
When registering the plots, some documentation is supposed to be issued for the land of individual housing construction and drugs. The current legislation determines what the differences are in the design, as well as in the content of the papers establishing the rights of the owner.
In most of the regions of our country, every citizen can count on a one-time receipt of land for use. Registration of ownership becomes possible if a private house is built within it. The use of such lands for the purpose of obtaining benefits is not allowed. So, in this case, you won’t get the right to own it.
Documents confirming ownership are compiled on the basis of documents, among which the cadastral passport is the main one. In addition, if the building is being erected on a plot of land intended for a summer house or garden, then it must be included in the declaration. You can register on the basis of Art. 25 Federal Law No. 122.
The difference between IZHS and personal subsidiary plots
The purpose of the land plot indicated in the documents on the right of ownership directly determines the possibility of its operation. This characteristic is the main difference between LPH and IZHS.If we examine in more detail the legal framework from a legal point of view regarding the type of land, then we can get an idea of what kind of plot is required. What is the difference between IZHS and LPH, now it is clear.
The essence of LPH and IZHS
Individual use of a plot of land for the purpose of building a private house can be in both cases. However, there are some limitations to the registration procedure, and they must be taken into account. IZHS, in essence, is intended for the construction of housing either by one citizen or family. This means that there is no obstacle to the preparation of relevant documentation and the further transfer of the facility for use.
Land plots of private household plots are allocated from the land fund in the first place in order to develop subsidiary farms that meet the needs of a particular family in agricultural products. At the same time, construction is not related to this type of activity, excluding only the construction of buildings for economic purposes. At the present stage, the procedure for changing the purpose of the land is simplified and is declarative in nature. Citizens who have a building on the plots of private farms, thanks to the "summer amnesty" and with the help of a statement on the construction, can make a residential property a property. It should be borne in mind that there are certain restrictions when using such land for construction. First of all, they are associated with the location of the site and its area.
The main differences
There are a number of fundamental differences characterizing each type of land. First of all, a private household plot can be located both in a settlement and beyond its borders. In this regard, the possibility of its use is significantly changing. If in the first case the construction of residential and utility buildings is allowed here, in the second it is prohibited.
Land plots for individual housing construction differ from private household plots in that it has only one purpose: it is an individual house building. In addition, this status provides a guarantee of the connection of communications to it, as well as the creation of infrastructure, including schools, shops, libraries and other objects that have a social purpose and are calculated based on the values of population density.
Another important distinguishing feature is the citizen's right to a tax deduction. Such an opportunity is provided for in the Tax Code for owners. However, in addition to such a privilege, it is determined at the legislative level that if a housing is not built within ten years, it is taxed at a double rate.
In this respect, LPH has a tangible advantage. And although the same rules apply for all non-profit plots, personal household plots are subject to taxation at a lower rate compared to land for individual housing construction. In addition, significantly less are the costs of arranging power lines, water supply, and gasification. However, the supply is not guaranteed by state or municipal authorities.
The last difference is the possibility of registration. It is impossible to register a house built on land with the status of a private subsidiary farm outside the village. In any case, registration in such a building becomes real only after the housing is commissioned and registered in the state register.
Which is better?
The main distinguishing feature between these two types is the obligation of state or municipal structures to supply energy and organize infrastructure. Accordingly, land plots for individual housing construction are subject to such a guarantee, and construction on lands with the status of private household plots is carried out at your own peril and risk.However, practical examples show that assistance from the authorities has to wait a rather long time in both cases. And this means that the existing difference is practically nullified.
What is more profitable?
Land plots having the status of private household plots within settlements are now slightly cheaper. However, this difference is significantly increased outside the boundaries. This is due to the fact that there are arable land plots beyond towns and cities, and they, on the basis of the law and for their intended purpose, cannot be used for further construction.
A change in the intended purpose is possible due to the current system of judicial verdicts and other manipulations with Russian law. However, such actions may be protested in the future by the prosecutor's office or other government agencies. As a result, the act of transferring a land plot to an industrial category is canceled. As for the buildings, they are demolished. At the same time, the status of a land plot for individual housing construction provides guaranteed state access to design, further construction and commissioning of housing, if it is built in the legislative framework.
Differences from DNP
In addition to the forms described above, which characterize the direction of use of land, there are also:
- garden nonprofit partnerships or SNT;
- houses built on the ground under the auspices of a summer non-profit partnership or DNP.
A type such as DNP differs from those mentioned above in that the constructed facility is not subject to mandatory state registration. However, it is allowed to register in it. The next difference is the right to pledge housing in any credit institution. The advantages of DNP are also the possibility of building housing without coordinating it with architectural and other regulatory institutions.
Advantages and disadvantages
Each type of land for building a house has a number of advantages. The main disadvantage of private household plots within the boundaries of a village or city is the lack of state guarantees for the creation of infrastructure. However, the price of such sites is somewhat lower. In addition, although registration is allowed at the legislative level, it is also impossible to guarantee, because this requires a postal address, which implies the name of the street and house number, and they, of course, are not in the details of those plots of land that have agricultural purposes. The municipality can resolve this issue. However, at a certain stage, this is either unlikely or too expensive.
We examined the difference between IZHS and LPH.