There are many types of work that differ in schedules, the duration of the shift. Each activity has its own payment. The shift method of work is popular in Russia. What it is? This is one of the options for organizing activities. It has its advantages and disadvantages.
Definition
Shift method of work - what is it? It involves the performance of labor functions outside his place of residence. Usually this is periodic or seasonal work. The specified method is used in areas such as oil, gas, logging.
On a rotational basis, they work to search for deposits of precious metals, for fishing. There is a seasonal shift method of work. What it is? This means that employees are only required for a specific period, for example, in the summer. But there is a periodic shift method of work. What it is? This work is required throughout the year, but employees come to perform it periodically. The exercise of labor functions is approved by the special provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Features of the organization of work
A shift involves performing work without returning home at a place of permanent residence for some time. Breaks just serve as rest. Usually the shift lasts 2 weeks, and the same amount is provided for a trip home. By law, working hours cannot be more than 30 days.
If this is agreed with the trade union committee, then up to 60 days is allowed. Shift employees are usually housed in special housing, where there is everything necessary for people's lives. In shift villages, there must be heat, water, electricity, mobile communications, medical care, and cultural facilities. The territory where the activity is performed is the place of work. Often requires a change in its location.
The shift method cannot work:
- Minors.
- Pregnant
- Women with 3 children.
- Without medical permission.
Work on a rotational basis, although it is considered profitable, is still quite complicated. Before employment, people undergo inspection. The list of doctors depends on the specialty. If there is no medical admission, then it will not work.
Salary
Work in the north on a rotational basis is in demand due to the high salary. Often it is more than the average many times over in the same specialty in the city of permanent residence. High incomes are usually offered in difficult climatic conditions.
In many types of work, in addition to salary, various allowances are provided. As a result, earnings become much more than you can get at home. It is not always required to go north. Work in Russia on a rotational basis may be needed in other regions. For example, many employees came to Sochi to prepare the city for the Olympics. Requires staff to other interesting places in the country.
Payroll
The main factor why shift work is chosen is salary. In this way, many people manage to earn much more than in their city. Often people from small towns or rural settlements go to the shift, where it is difficult to find suitable activities with acceptable income. Shift work is widespread for women with accommodation. Remuneration is carried out by different methods:
- Piecework. It is transferred for a specific amount of work with a designation of prices for each activity.
- Time-based. It is calculated for the worked period.
- For employees of engineering, technical and service sectors there is a system of payment for hours worked based on salary.
The shift workers, in addition to the basic salary, have bonuses and incentives, the amounts of which are approved by the contract. In the main provisions of the document, allowances, compensation, surcharges related to working conditions are defined. The payment system is indicated in the employment contract. When working on a shift, regional coefficients are taken into account: northern, desert, anhydrous. They are added to earnings.
Working conditions
There is an opinion that getting a shift is not so simple. Among workers, she is famous for her high salary, although working conditions are often very difficult. Many companies employing people put forward stringent requirements.
So that a person can work on a rotational basis, his readiness is checked. For example, it is known that in the circumpolar territories a lower percentage of oxygen in the air is compared with the middle band. A person should understand what awaits him. It is important to adequately assess your capabilities.
Accommodation
It is believed that the shift is not only difficult working conditions, climate, but also living. But everything is determined by the criteria by which to evaluate the comfort of life. Usually shift workers have at their disposal equipped premises. Working on a rotational basis with accommodation is considered the most convenient, since you will not need to look for housing.
Thanks to modular designs, employing companies quickly build housing with the necessary infrastructure. The room must have running water, electricity, heating. Accommodation necessarily includes a dining room, a leisure room. There must be access to the Internet. The law provides for a reduction in the time spent on employees traveling to the place of performing labor functions.
Working on a rotational basis with housing involves living in a room that is chosen by the employer. Before arrival, housing is checked by a commission. It includes representatives of the employer, employees of the municipality in whose territory the shift will operate. There may be representatives of the union and government agencies.
In the shift camp live employees and staff. After the end of the season, for example, when the facilities were erected, everyone leaves the complex. The shift work with accommodation without building the complex can be performed. Then the company allocates hotels and corporate apartments.
Types of Shifts
Work on a rotational basis with the provision of housing is organized according to 2 options. This may be an intra-regional format. With him, the duration of the work is short - about a week. The facility where labor duties are performed are not far from the place of residence of the workers.
There is interregional watch or expeditionary. Duration of work is usually long, and workers have to travel far from their place of residence. Work in the north is called for on a rotational basis, for which people usually come from many regions of the country.
What is the difference between a shift and a business trip?
Many believe that shift is a form of business trip. But this is not true. A person going on a business trip fulfills a service assignment. Payment for this is paid in salary or allowances.
A shift involves a person’s departure to a separate object to carry out not a task, but a separate work. In the second case, a separate contract is drawn up, where the amount of wages and conditions are prescribed. For business trips, document changes are not required. Shift work is provided for women and men. Various professions are in demand. Among them are builders, engineers, roofers, concrete workers, drivers, packers, cooks.
Laws
Work in the north on a rotational basis without experience and with experience is regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. It contains sections with the rules of this activity.There is an opinion that the shift method in our country has become popular not only because of the opportunity to receive a high income, but also because of the loyal attitude to employees.
The norms for this activity are fixed in article 47 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. There are provisions on a shift basis. The definition is also presented there. The shift method under the law is a type of labor process with the condition that the place of work does not coincide with the city of residence of the employees. With him, a daily return home cannot be ensured.
This method of employment is used by organizations to optimize the timing of the necessary work, for example, for the construction, reconstruction of buildings in areas with special conditions. A shift is considered an option to reduce costs when an enterprise performs its work.
Work schedule
In practice, this aspect may differ from the norms prescribed in the Code. Many lawyers believe that workers' rights are protected during shifts, especially with respect to the work regime. Working time is the amount of hours spent on the performance of their duties. Rest relies upon returning home.
The place of work is considered an object where people perform their functions. At the same time, there may be periodic transfers from place to place due to changes in the location of work execution areas. This is not a transfer of an employee from one company to another, so written consent is not necessary. For example, working as a driver on a rotational basis involves trips to different places. In the north, the team moves between fields. Road construction involves traffic on the constructed highway.
Schedule
Working on a rotational basis for men and women involves following a schedule. It must be prescribed in the contract. The employer must coordinate it with the opinions of people. The main document in which the schedule is prescribed is the Regulation on the shift method of work. It is a local regulatory act.
According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the total length of working time for a period of stay on a shift cannot be higher than the number of hours approved by the Code. One shift maximum can be 12 hours. The number of days off should not be less than the number of weeks in a month.
Days of rest may be provided unevenly, the main thing is that their number corresponds to the norms. The work schedule is determined by the number of employees, as well as individually. The second option is applied, for example, when a person finishes work and plans to leave, transferring duties to the deputy.
Relaxation
The main document, which indicates the rules of shift work, is the Labor Code. It has such a concept as “inter-shift rest”. This is the period that appeared after the hourly revisions of the approved schedule. There are lawyers who attribute inter-shift vacations to vacations, but it is provided not once a year, but according to the possibilities of employers.
Such periods may appear several times a year. Inter-shift is distinguished from ordinary leave by the method of charging funds. Its basis is not considered average earnings. The number of days is determined differently. The sum of processing hours is divided by 8. This option is also used when the inter-shift rest is paid in the amount of salary.
In practice, time off is provided in the form of monetary compensation for processing. Lawyers believe that at first they should be given time off, and then vacation should follow. These periods should be included in the experience.
Overtime work
By law, recycling is allowed on their own initiative or by order of management. This is overtime work. The reasons for this decision by managers may be different. Often this arises due to the fact that the new team did not arrive on time. For overtime work must be paid in double or one and a half amounts, it all depends on the conditions.
The working hours and rest of workers in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors who serve shift workers operate on the basis of production principles and conditions. But the main provisions are indicated in article 47. If you decide to work on a rotational basis, then you should use the norms of law in practice.
Sick pay
When working on shift, it is important to consider not only working conditions, but also everyday life. In such villages, there are usually medical facilities that provide assistance to people. In case of injury or illness, an insured event occurs. Payment for this is made from the social insurance fund.
To determine the size of payments, the amounts earned by the employee are taken into account. Shift workers calculate payments based on salary, district coefficient, and bonuses. The allowance provided for shift work is not considered the basis for the deduction of contributions. The sick leave includes contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for 2 years.
The workers of the north take into account the district coefficient. If the employee has an experience of less than 6 months, then he is paid the minimum amount.
Employment
The obligation to work on a rotational basis must be fulfilled by the head of the enterprise. A trade union committee is involved in organizing activities. Personnel service monitors documentation literacy.
Thanks to well-coordinated work, it will be possible to draw up an employment contract, as well as provide comfortable conditions for a shift with accommodation. This means that people will work with good productivity and efficiency.