Many people officially formalize custody of minors or the elderly. They may have family ties or be strangers to each other. At the same time, the state assigns monthly and one-time payments to guardians. In each region, additionally local authorities provide different support measures for people who have decided to take care of children or senior citizens.
Who is the guardianship established over?
Custody can take shape over different people, which include:
- children under 14 years of age left without parental care for various reasons, which include deprivation of parents' rights, loss of citizens, being in prison or in a psychiatric hospital;
- people recognized by the court as legally incompetent or having limited legal capacity;
- if the child is more than 14 years old, but less than 18 years old, then guardianship is established over him.
The above persons cannot take care of themselves on their own, therefore they need an official guardian. For the protection and care of citizens, payments are made to guardians, which must be formalized in a declarative manner.
Who can't become a guardian?
Guardianship can only be formalized by certain individuals who meet certain requirements. These include Russian citizenship, legal capacity, solvency and responsibility. Therefore, such an opportunity is not provided to the following persons:
- people are limited or deprived of their parental rights to children;
- are registered in a psychiatric dispensary;
- have drug or alcohol addiction;
- suspended from the duties of the teacher for various reasons;
- were former adoptive parents of the child, but were deprived of their rights through their own fault;
- have serious health problems that interfere with the duties of guardians.
Before taking custody, the guardianship authorities examine in detail the status and financial condition of the potential guardian. Only after that a decision is made regarding the possibility of establishing custody.
How is it made out?
In order for payments to be made to the guardian of a minor, it is important to correctly register this status. To do this, some procedures are provided for by law. A potential guardian must prove that he has the optimal living space for the child to live, as well as his financial situation allows taking care of the minor without difficulty.
Almost all requirements are the same for all Russian citizens, but in some situations, individual criteria may apply. Before making payments to guardians, it is important to establish custody, for which the following actions are performed:
- a citizen draws up a statement stating the need to establish custody of a specific child or legally incompetent person;
- the applicant’s autobiography is formed in writing;
- a document is prepared confirming that the citizen has no criminal record;
- an extract from the USRN is issued containing information about which real estate objects are registered with the applicant;
- a certificate is sent indicating that the applicant has indeed passed special courses, on the basis of which future guardians are prepared for interaction with minors;
- evidence is prepared that the rest of the family members living in the same territory agree with the guardianship;
- proof of income, presented by certificates from the place of work of adult family members, as well as bank statements or other similar documents.
Based on the above documentation, the possibility of providing custody of the applicant over a specific child or legally incompetent adult is assessed.
What other documents do custody authorities need?
In different situations, employees of guardianship authorities may request other documents, and they are not always prepared by direct guardians. Therefore, the following documentation is often required:
- characteristics compiled by colleagues or the employer;
- marriage certificate if the guardian has an official wife;
- a description from neighbors who can tell how the family lives;
- a certificate from a medical institution confirming that a citizen does not have serious health problems.
Be sure to take into account what is the state of health of the applicant, as he will not be able to take custody if he has cancer, tuberculosis or infectious diseases.
What federal payouts are offered to guardians?
People who have expressed a desire to take care of minors or incapacitated persons can rely on certain payments from the state. They can be federal or regional. What payments are due to guardians at the federal level? They are represented by a one-time payment and monthly payments. The main payments include:
- One-time cash payment to guardians. It is equal to 15 512 rubles. It is provided to the guardians of children whose parents have died, have issued 1 disability group or are unable to educate the child on their own for other reasons.
- Monthly payment to guardians. Its main purpose is to compensate the costs of guardians for the upbringing, maintenance and education of a minor. It may differ slightly in different regions, since the financial condition of a particular city is taken into account.
In addition, citizens themselves should learn about what payments to guardians of minor children are offered at the regional level. In many regions, not only cash rewards are paid, but also numerous unique benefits are offered. Thanks to their use, spending on utilities, travel, or other expenses is significantly reduced.
What is the monthly payment amount?
The most significant payment to the child’s guardian is the monthly transfer of a certain amount of funds. The amount of payment depends on the salary of a citizen:
- if the person is unemployed, then 2.9 thousand rubles are transferred to the first child, and 5.8 thousand rubles are paid to the second and subsequent minor;
- if the guardian is an officially working citizen, then 40% of his average salary is transferred to him, but this payment cannot exceed 23.1 thousand rubles.
Citizens must independently apply to the defense authorities to make a payment. To do this, they collect documents confirming the existence of a right to cash.
Rules for obtaining
It is important to understand not only what payments to guardians are offered by the state, but also when these funds are transferred:
- lump-sum allowance is paid only on condition that the citizen applies for him within six months after the establishment of custody of the minor;
- a lump sum of funds is transferred within 10 days from the date of acceptance of the application and other documentation by the employees of social protection bodies;
- a monthly payment is assigned when applying for it within 6 months after the conclusion of the relevant agreement, on the basis of which the minor is transferred for foster care;
- the allowance is paid every month until the custody is removed or the child reaches the age of majority.
Social protection authorities are not obliged to independently notify citizens about the possibility of processing certain payments, therefore, guardians should find out about the possibility of obtaining various preferences in the local administration. The refusal is unreasonable, therefore, all guardians (regardless of different features and characteristics) can receive payments.
Clearance procedure
Payments to the guardian of a disabled person or minor are appointed only after their competent execution. To receive a subsidy, the following actions are performed:
- Initially, an application is prepared with other documents confirming that the applicant is a guardian;
- a package of documents is transferred to the social security department at the place of residence;
- in addition, you can transfer papers through the MFC or trusteeship bodies;
- quite often the Portal of State Services is used to download documentation;
- then you just have to wait for a decision, after which a lump sum is transferred to the account indicated in the application within 10 days;
- further, the due payment will be transferred to this account monthly.
The registration procedure does not take much time. The reason for the refusal can only be the absence of any documents or errors in the statement. If you quickly transfer the necessary documentation or correct defects, then payments will be issued quickly.
What documents are required?
To prepare the manual, the following documentation is prepared by the guardian:
- Application for a grant;
- copy of the passport;
- birth certificate or pupil’s passport;
- court decision on the basis of which a particular citizen was appointed guardian;
- extract from guardianship authorities regarding the appointment of custody of a minor;
- confirmation that the child lives in the same territory with the applicant;
- custody documents;
- certificate from the educational institution or kindergarten, where the pupil goes;
- Bank account details where funds will be transferred.
No additional documents are required.
Regional Payments
Each region may offer additional support measures designed for guardians. They usually depend on the age of the ward, as well as on the existence of family ties between him and the guardian.
For example, in the capital, a citizen who has adopted a child under 12 years old in his family is paid 15 thousand rubles every month.
In addition, citizens can count on other preferences represented by labor benefits or receiving compensation for the payment of housing and communal services. If caring for a disabled child, the state may offer preferential housing or a free plot of land for the construction of a private house.
Conclusion
Guardians can count on different types of support from the state. The most significant payments are considered to be one-time or monthly. They are drawn up in a declarative manner.
In the regions, various exemptions and preferences may be offered in addition. Citizens should learn about them independently, for which you can contact the guardianship authorities or local administration.