Electronic signatures are quite firmly embedded in the lives of those who are somehow connected with doing business or workflow. However, what is the difference between EDS for an individual entrepreneur and EDS for an individual or legal entity?
What is required to receive an EDS and is there an opportunity to get it for free?
Appointment
An electronic signature gives the documents legal force, as it certifies their authenticity and consistency with the head of the company or enterprise. An electronic signature may be required to confirm authorship, for example, when submitting a project in electronic form, to confirm the immutability and integrity of information (from the moment of certification). If the letter or document must be sent confidentially, you can also use an electronic signature.
In all these situations, paper documents must be authenticated with a personal signature and seal, and for the certification of digital documents only an enhanced qualified electronic signature will be sufficient.
What are the differences?
Why do I need an electronic signature? Its release is always made for a specific individual, the EDS gives legal force to all actions that are committed through it. If this is a legal entity, the signature must be “tied” to a specific organization, only in this case it will be possible to sign electronic documents on behalf of legal entities.
Since an individual entrepreneur works for himself, no "binding" to the organization is required, and if an electronic digital signature is necessary for employees working at private entrepreneurs, then they can only receive signatures for individuals. In fact, the EP for an individual entrepreneur differs only in the package of documents that must be submitted for release. Before you do this, you need to decide why you need an electronic digital signature for the IP specifically in your case, that is, what task it has to perform.
Tasks
So what kind of tasks can an electronic signature help? ES can be divided by the tasks that they perform.
A qualified signature is used to submit tax and other reports via the Internet, for signing electronic documents and interacting with the State Services portal and other government systems (more than seventy sites). A qualified signature also allows you to bid in 223-ФЗ (more than twenty sites), in bankrupt tenders (about thirty sites), and in commercial tenders (forty sites). Through this electronic signature for IP, it becomes possible to interact with EGAIS.
The second type of signature is intended exclusively for bidding. With the help of it, it will be possible to pass accreditation to the electronic trading platform, file complaints, send applications for participation in electronic auctions. With the help of such a signature, it is possible to sign contracts, and the full list of opportunities should be clarified directly when ordering an electronic signature.
Getting
Why do I need an electronic signature for IP and how to get it? In order for an individual entrepreneur to receive an EDS, it is necessary to provide a package of documents:
- original passport and photocopy in one copy (first page and registration page);
- a photocopy of the tax registration certificate;
- a photocopy of the Certificate of state registration of an individual as an individual entrepreneur (one copy);
- the original extract from the USRIP, from the moment it is received, no more than thirty days must pass (you can also provide a copy certified by a notary);
- an application for the manufacture and registration of a digital signature certificate;
- a statement in which an individual entrepreneur agrees to the processing of personal data;
- application for joining the Rules of Procedure of the CA (certification center).
When receiving an electronic digital signature, it is better to have a seal with you. It takes time to verify the documents, but if there are no errors in them, then the digital signature will be issued within one to two days. If errors are present, then the processing time may take longer, however, if they are promptly corrected by an individual entrepreneur, release within one day is also possible.
Banking system
Increasingly, ES is required to work with the banking system. It would seem, why do we need an electronic signature for Sberbank or for other banks, if you can assure everything with your own signature? Everything is simple. EP gives legal force to electronic documents signed with its help, so it is possible to send all documentation online. In addition, a simple signature can be falsified, but an electronic one cannot, it is much more reliable than its manual counterpart, which minimizes the risk of fraud.
Why do I need an electronic signature for a legal entity? It is for organizations that the use of electronic signatures in bank transfers and operations is most relevant, since the level of security is increasing. In the future, the list of opportunities will expand. The client can receive a confirmation of the operation and either a printout of the use of his electronic signature or an email.
Portal "Government services"
Why do I need an electronic signature on the "State Services"? This is one of the most common questions regarding the use of ES. On this state portal, virtually all functions are unavailable without a signature, all that remains is the possibility of making an appointment with any government agency. To work with the system, you need an enhanced qualified ES. You can check how your signature is suitable for receiving services in the corresponding section of the portal.
For individuals
Since individual entrepreneurs often hire employees, the question of why an electronic signature is needed for an individual becomes relevant for them. As mentioned above, a signature of this type will have to be issued by an individual entrepreneur for his employee.
In addition to controlling pension savings, applications for a passport and passport, filing tax returns and other documents on the State Services portal, an individual can also receive other services on the portal with the help of EP. A person has the opportunity to apply for admission to universities in the country. Thus, you can not waste time and money on a trip to a higher educational institution.
Why do I need an electronic digital signature (EDS)? If available, a person gets the opportunity to complete remote work. Also, with the help of ES, you can conclude an employment contract, a contract of work performed, but this must be agreed with the employer.
Bidding and Patents
Many individual entrepreneurs and individuals have already appreciated the benefits of participating in electronic tenders for the sale of property of bankrupt companies. Without an electronic signature, virtually no actions on such trading floors are possible. Also, various competitions for technical or creative work are periodically held at these sites, which often attracts freelancers.
Using an electronic signature, you can patent your utility model or invention without paperwork and queuing up. This can be done on the FIPS (Federal Institute of Industrial Property) website. The procedure for obtaining a patent is simple, the site has all the instructions. A nice bonus, in addition to saving time, is a 15% discount on state duty.
check in
If you have an electronic signature, you can also apply for registration of an individual as an individual entrepreneur or legal entity.The Federal Tax Service provides this service on its Internet portal in the section for submitting documents for state registration. This section contains instructions on the registration procedure. If the documents are certified by electronic signature, they can be sent via the Internet.
Free receipt
Many are interested in whether it is possible to get an electronic signature for free. In fact, yes, an analogue of a digital signature can be obtained for free using software. Almost every computer has some kind of email program, whether it be Outlook Express, Lotus Notes or Microsoft OutLook, but not all users know that the latest versions of these programs have a built-in function of digitally signing a sent message. To get this opportunity, you need to install a special certificate on the computer. After installation, the user must transfer it in a personal meeting or send it by mail to the one with whom the document will be kept. In the event that both parties have this certificate, they may not doubt the authenticity of the accepted documents.
This feature allows you to save individual entrepreneurs and individuals.
Another option to get an electronic signature for free is to use the CryptoARM program. With it, you can generate a certified key online. After this, it becomes possible to download the electronic signature to the computer in finished form. You can download the program itself, install it and work offline. Such a self-created digital signature is not registered with the Certification Authority. It can be used for twelve months, after which a re-release is required.
A free electronic signature issued using the CryptoARM program is suitable only for internal document circulation between a certain circle of people, however, it cannot be used to submit various documents to government bodies, to participate in tenders. Also, such a signature cannot be used to gain access to opportunities on the State Services information portal. Other features of the electronic signature issued by the certification center are not available. As mentioned above, with its help you can only make documents with your partners by prior arrangement.