There are a lot of professions, and in addition, jobs in which certain safety precautions must be followed. And of course, the employer must teach such techniques to employees. And for this it is important to develop a lot of all kinds of instructions, which is one of the obligations of employers, which are established by law. True, such instructions are not available in all institutions, and sometimes they are, but they have been adopted for a long time. The duration of the instructions for labor protection is described in detail below.
Instruction and its main features
First of all, employers need to determine a list of posts with types of work for which there is no regulation on labor protection or for which they need to be reviewed. Next, establish the employees responsible for the coordination and development of this documentation. Then they approve the validity of the labor protection instructions. For each specialty, it can be different.
What labor protection instructions should the organization have and are they required for each employee?
Such rules constitute absolutely for every profession, position or type of work performed. For example, according to the position, this may be an instruction for labor protection when working at height, an instruction for a loader, for a welder, and so on. And directly by the type of work performed, we can talk about regulations when performing loading or unloading activities, when working with a computer, and the like. This may not even be an instruction on labor protection in an organization, but rules, for example, when working with copying equipment. Similar acts apply to a group of employees who are engaged in the same type of work.
In addition to instructions on the profession and type of activity, there may be regulations that apply to all employees of the institution, for example, on fire safety. Russian law does not require that rules be developed for each employee. This document must be compiled for each profession, and then it will be distributed to all people who occupy such positions.
What is the validity period of such an instruction?
How long are labor protection instructions valid? The answer to this question can be found in the same regulatory documents. In accordance with existing legislation, this period is five years. It also provides for the extension of the validity of labor protection instructions in the event that working conditions are not subject to major changes. An early review of such documentation is carried out in the following circumstances:
- According to the requirements of state institutions.
- In the framework of the use of new materials, technologies, machinery and equipment.
- In the course of making changes to the work process and working conditions.
- According to information received from accident or accident investigation.
Revision of documents
The law provides for a review and re-examination of documents that relate to the safety of citizens at their workplace at least once in five years. Responsibility for compliance with such measures lies with the heads of units who undertake to carefully monitor their implementation.
Officials responsible have the right to extend the validity of labor protection instructions provided that there is at least one non-staff case (industrial injury, illness and accident), and also when the applicable regulatory framework has not undergone any changes during this period.
Temporary labor protection instructions for employees
For reconstructed and new production facilities being commissioned, the development of temporary instructions for workers is allowed. They ensure the safe conduct of the process and the correct operation of existing equipment.The validity of temporary labor protection instructions is limited to the acceptance of said production into operation.
Review Procedure
An audit with a revision of labor protection rules for workers is organized by the employer. This should be done at least every five years. The labor protection instructions may be revised ahead of schedule in the following cases:
- Change in inter-industry and industry rules and model
- labor protection regulations.
- Innovations in the conditions of activity of workers.
- The introduction of new technology or technology.
- Based on the analysis of materials investigating accidents, industrial accidents and occupational diseases.
- According to the requirements of representatives of state bodies.
In the event that during the period of validity of the labor protection instructions (for the model of the extension order, see below), the working conditions have not changed, it is extended for the next time period.
The procedure for recording and storing instructions
The instructions in force in the institution for employees of the structural units of the organization, as well as a list of them, are kept by the head of the relevant unit. The location of such rules for employees is recommended to be determined by the heads of organizations, taking into account the convenience and accessibility of familiarization with them. Labor protection instructions for workers:
- They can be handed out for study purposes during initial briefings.
- They can be hung out at workplaces or directly on sites.
- Stored in another place accessible to civilian workers.
Structure and general content of instructions
This document recommends for employees to include sections:
- "General requirements for labor protection."
- “Responsibilities before starting an activity.”
- "Requirements during the work itself."
- “Emergency Response.”
- "The requirement of labor protection upon completion of work."
Extension of regulations
The decision of the legislative bodies established that the check with the revision of labor protection instructions for employees is organized directly by the employer. Responsibility for this lies with the head of the structural unit. Until the expiration of the instructions for labor protection, the rules for employees ahead of schedule can be revised in the following cases:
- As part of a change in sectoral and inter-sectoral rules and standard guidelines for labor protection.
- Change in the conditions of activity of employees.
- The introduction of new techniques and technologies.
- Based on the analysis of the material of the investigation of the accident and occupational disease.
- At the request of representatives of state bodies of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or of the federal labor inspectorate.
Control over the timely revision of the rules for the protection of activities for employees is carried out by specialists. In the event that during the period of validity of this paper for the employee the working conditions did not change, the order of the authorities prolongs the document to the next stage, which is recorded on the first page of the relevant regulations. They put the current date along with the stamp "Revised" and with the signature of the person who is responsible for changing the instructions, indicate the duration of the instructions for labor protection and the period for its extension.
What should I pay attention to as part of the development of the manual?
When drafting this document, it is recommended to adhere to the structure that is established by the recommendations, in particular, it is necessary to include in it a section entitled “General requirements”. It reflects an indication of the need to comply with internal regulations, as well as the following:
- The requirement for the implementation of rest and work.
- List of dangerous and harmful factors that can act on employees in the course of work.
- The list of special clothes, shoes and other personal protective equipment that are issued to employees in accordance with established norms and rules.
- The procedure for notifying the administration of cases of injury to employees and malfunctioning devices, equipment and tools.
- The rules of personal hygiene that a citizen should know about as part of the work.
Next, consider additional sections of the instructions.
Requirements before starting an activity
In the section of the instruction “Requirements of labor protection before starting work”, the following procedure is stated:
- Workplace preparation along with personal protective equipment.
- Checking the health of the equipment, and in addition, all kinds of devices and tools, fencing, alarms, interlocking and other devices, protective earths, ventilation, local lighting and the like.
- Performing verification of the source material (blanks, semi-finished products).
- Reception and transfer of shifts in case of continuous technological process and work on equipment.
A section entitled “Requirements during operation” recommends that:
- Methods with techniques for the safe implementation of activities along with the use of equipment, automotive tools, lifting gear, tools and devices.
- The requirement for safe handling of the source material (raw materials, blanks, semi-finished products).
- Guidelines for the safe maintenance of workplaces.
- Actions that are aimed at preventing certain emergencies.
- Requirements for the use of funds as part of the personal protection of employees.
Rules for labor protection in emergency situations
These instructions reflect the following:
- A list of basic emergency situations and the reasons that cause them.
- Actions of employees in case of emergency.
- First aid measures for victims of poisoning and other health injuries.
It is also worth bringing standards on labor protection at the end of the work process. This section indicates the following:
- The process of shutting down, disassembling, stopping, cleaning and lubricating equipment, and in addition, all kinds of devices, mechanisms, machines and equipment.
- Regulations for the collection of waste that is received in the course of production activities.
- Personal hygiene requirement.
- The procedure for notifying work managers of certain deficiencies that affect labor safety and are discovered during work.
Since the recommendations are not binding, other sections can be included in the instructions.
Conclusion
Thus, the validity period of the instructions in question is five years. Rather, according to the recommendations at the end of this period, they should be reviewed. The time period of their action may be extended if during the last stage the working conditions of the workers have not changed, and the intersectoral and industry rules with standard regulations for labor protection have not been revised. The extension of the validity of labor protection instructions is carried out by order of the employer, which is recorded on the first page of the paper, namely, they put the current date along with the mark “Revised” and the signature of the person who is responsible for it. Among other things, indicate his position with a transcript of the signature. The duration of the labor protection instructions and the period for which the instructions are extended are also displayed.
In the event that before the end of the five-year period of validity of the document, the working conditions of employees have changed or the organization has revised industry and intersectoral rules with standard documents on labor protection, the relevant sheet must be changed by the employer ahead of schedule and, if necessary, a new one is approved.Early amendments are also necessary within the framework of the introduction of new technologies, based on the results of analyzes of the material of the investigation of the accident, industrial accidents and occupational diseases, as well as according to the requirements of the representative of GIT.
Speaking about the duration of the instructions, it should be noted that the recommendations allow the development of temporary labor protection rules for employees who are commissioned by reconstructed and new industries. Temporary instructions for citizens ensure the safe conduct of the process (work) and the operation of existing equipment. They are drawn up for the periods before the acceptance of the specified production into operation.