Offenses are an integral part of the life of modern society. A person is able to transgress the law in order to achieve his own goal or obtain the necessary good. The reasons why a person commits an illegal act include various contradictions (political, social, religious, etc.), a low standard of living, or a mismatch between needs and opportunities. Illegal acts are committed not only by people in a hopeless situation, but also by mentally unstable individuals with different manic ideas and unhealthy inclinations.
Misconduct and Crime
Violation of the right - any act or omission that violates the law and is harmful public order state, life and health of people. Any offense, examples and types of which will be described later, entails a certain degree of danger to society. Based on this, they are divided into misconduct and crime.
Types of offenses: examples, liability
An act is an unlawful less socially dangerous act. For example, administrative misconduct occurs in the field of public administration, that is, in violation of the norms and rules established by the state.
What is the responsibility for such acts? Firstly, it should be noted that administrative legal responsibility comes from 16 years. Government bodies issue a decision on punishment for an administrative offense (examples of bodies having the right to do this: city or district administration, teaching staff, etc.).
Punishment for administrative violation may be as follows:
- fine;
- deprivation of one or more rights;
- administrative arrest.
Administrative offenses and penalties for their violations are prescribed in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (Code of Administrative Offenses).
What is an administrative offense? Examples include the following:
- Violation of traffic rules. Punishment: fine or deprivation of a driver’s license.
- Stowaways in public transport. Punishment: fine.
- Failure to fulfill parental responsibilities for minor children. Punishment: deprivation of parental rights.
- Distribution, storage, use of narcotic and psychotropic (prohibited by the state) substances. Punishment: administrative arrest (isolation from society).
Civil violation of law
Civil misconduct arises in the sphere of property and personal non-property relations. Here, when defining and punishing it, a similar scheme applies.
Civil legal liability begins from the age of 18 - this should be known to all citizens living in the state.
The court makes a decision according to which a civil offense is allowed (examples of bodies determining the measure of punishment: a world court if the dispute is no more than 30,000 rubles; a court of general jurisdiction - for disputes above 30,000 rubles). The punishment for a civil misconduct is a fine, a fine, a penalty, compensation for harm.
Civil offenses and punishments for them are prescribed in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Civil Code).
What happens tort? Examples of them are:
- Failure to comply with the terms of the employment contract. Punishment: forfeit.
- Intentionally inflicted harm to another's property. Punishment: damages.
- Untimely payment of credit, bills. Punishment: fine or penalty.
Disciplinary responsibility
Disciplinary offense arises in case of violation of official duties, military regulations, labor discipline, work schedule.In this case, disciplinary legal liability begins from the age of 16.
The administration of the enterprise, on which the misconduct was committed, issues an order to punish the offender. The punishment for a disciplinary offense is the remark, reprimand, dismissal.
Disciplinary offenses and the corresponding punishments are enshrined in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Labor Code).
What does a disciplinary offense look like? Examples are as follows:
- Being late for work. Punishment: for the first time - an oral remark, with a second - a written reprimand. With systematic lateness and the presence of three written reprimands - dismissal.
- Excommunication of the guard from the post without warning. Punishment: oral remark, in case of repetition - report with reprimand, in case of systematic violation of the military regulations - conclusion on guardhouse.
Crime
Crime - an unlawful socially dangerous act pursued by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which poses a direct danger to public order, life and health of people, their property, etc. Any criminal offense, examples and types of which are described below, is punishable by the severity of the law and implies detention of a suspect (accused, criminal).
Types of Criminal Offenses
Crimes are divided into groups according to their severity:
1. Light weight - crimes committed intentionally and / or inadvertently, punishment for which does not exceed two years in prison. Examples of such crimes:
- Defamation in any form: public speaking, production of literature, false accusation of a grave or especially grave crime.
- Hacking that harms other people's property.
- A deal made under pressure.
- Theft of personal documents.
2. Moderate severity - crimes committed intentionally (punishment - no more than 5 years in prison) and / or careless (punishment - no more than 3 years). This offense (examples will be given later) is considered the most difficult to prove in court proceedings. These are such as:
- Vehicle theft.
- Intentional application moderate health damage during hooliganism or in relation to the minor.
- Theft carried out by a group of persons with the penetration of another's property, etc.
3. Heavy crimes - committed intentionally and punishable by imprisonment from 5 to 10 years.
- An attempt or perfect legalization of illegally obtained money, home, land, etc.
- Violation of the required safety precautions while driving.
- Causing serious harm to health (the sensory organ, limb was lost, the pregnancy was terminated, etc.).
4. Especially heavy crimes - committed intentionally and punishable by imprisonment from 5 years to life imprisonment. These are:
- Intentional killing.
- Rape of a minor.
- Causing serious bodily harm, resulting in the death of the victim.
All types of offenses, examples of which are described above, are illegal and punishable. Do not commit reprehensible acts if you are not sure of their legitimacy.
