Privatization of land is the transfer of land to the ownership of its owner from the state free of charge and on a voluntary basis. The beginning of the privatization of state property took place at the beginning of the 90s.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, vigorous activity began on the registration of various industries. Privatization in Russia began in the first half of 1991. A little later, in February 1992, Soviet citizens unanimously began to take ownership of their homes. Then it was free. There is currently a free and paid procedure. Where to start privatization? First, let’s figure out who has the right to free privatization, and who will have to pay for it.
Who can count on free privatization?
Those landowners who received them before 2001 are entitled to free privatization. In addition, if the land is granted on an unlimited use right, and a residential building is built on it, which is in registered ownership, then this plot has the right to privatize the citizen to whom this plot was granted. If the land was acquired later than 2001, then its privatization will have to pay.
The right to free privatization is given to all citizens once. Where to start privatization? First you need to collect the documents necessary for this procedure.
Documents required for free land privatization
What is this procedure - land privatization? Where to start your actions? The following documents are required for registration of a land plot:
- Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation - this document, in addition to confirming your identity, is also evidence of your citizenship. Privatization of land is prohibited to foreign citizens.
- A statement that you wish to privatize the land. It indicates the purpose of the land allotment, its size, as well as information about the owner (name, passport data, TIN).
- The primary document confirming your ownership of a particular site.
- Cadastral passport. If this document is not available at the time of privatization, it must be ordered. This usually takes one month.
- Extract from the EGPR (regional chamber).
- Technical passport for capital buildings.
- Paid receipt for state duty.
- Copies of all these documents.
Documents for the purchase of land (paid privatization)
If a citizen received land after 2001, or he has already used his right to free privatization, then you can participate only in a paid procedure. In other words, you can buy land from the state. A lot of effort requires paid land privatization. Where to start this procedure? Of course, from the collection of all necessary papers. The following documents will be required:
- Information on the standard value of the plot - issued by the district land committee.
- Certificate from the tax office, which indicates the area of the land allotment and the amount of tax on it.
- Help from the BTI on the estimated value of the land. It is valid for one month.
- Technical passport for capital buildings available on the site.
The most important thing in the privatization process is the collection of necessary documents. After they are in your hands, it’s not worthwhile to delay the submission of an application, as some of the documents are valid only for a certain period, and if it has passed, you will have to spend your valuable time again and order expired papers again.
Privatization of a private house
Where to start privatizing a home? This procedure, as well as the privatization of land, has one goal - to legitimize the ownership of real estate, as well as the land on which it is located, for a person who has been using it for many years.
To privatize a private home, you must first establish the owner of this real estate. To do this, you can make a request to the registration chamber. If the owner is some private organization, then privatization will be denied. Only state and municipal property can be privatized. Detailed advice on this can be obtained from your local administration.
The year of the beginning of the privatization of the housing stock was 1992. But so far not all citizens have managed to take ownership of their housing. Privatization was extended until March 2013, then until 2015, but it continues to this day. The State Duma officially extended it until March 1, 2016, but the deputies are considering the issue of postponing this term until 2018.
Documents for privatizing a private house
Where to start privatization of a private house? As in all other cases, from the collection of the necessary package of documents.
- Passport.
- Certificate (form No. 3), which confirms that the citizen has not yet participated in free privatization, because it can be issued only once. This certificate is issued in the passport office.
- The registration certificate with the plan of the premises. It is made out in BTI.
- A statement of desire to privatize a residential building. It is signed by all registered in the house. Thus, citizens registered in the house express their consent to privatization. The application is submitted to the housing department.
- The decision on the transfer of real estate (home) to the property from the housing department.
- An order for a given dwelling or a social contract of employment.
- Statement to the Fed.
In some regions, you may need to collect some additional documents. Details on this issue can be consulted in the administration at the location of the property. The whole package of collected documents is delivered there. After making a positive decision, the citizen participating in the privatization is issued an act of acceptance and transfer of ownership of the residential object (home) and the corresponding contract.
Possible problems
Practice shows that during privatization property is often transferred precisely to a dwelling, and not to the house itself. A citizen carrying out privatization needs to independently control this issue and apply to the local government body. An application is filed there to withdraw from the balance sheet of the municipal residential building in connection with its transfer to the new owner. The ownership of the newly privatized house is formalized in the general procedure by the federal state registration authority.
Privatization of the room. Where to begin?
The privatization of a room in a communal apartment is practically no different from the privatization of an apartment in an apartment building. The following documents will be required:
- Passport of a citizen who wants to privatize a room.
- Certificate of residence.
- Technical certificate.
- A certificate stating that there are no debts on utility bills is issued in the DEZ, ZhEK or REU.
- Certificate of registration form No. 9 - issued upon request to the housing authority.
- Financial and personal account - issued upon request there.
- Passports of everyone who is registered in this room.
How to start the privatization of a room in a communal apartment? Of course, from the collection of documents. Documents collected. What else needs to be considered in this case? If the room is privatized by a family with minor children, then they will need a document from the guardianship authorities, allowing the registration of the room in the property. Minor children cannot refuse privatization and automatically become its participants. But they retain the right to free privatization.Recall that such a right is given to all citizens once.
If, for some reason, a month before the privatization procedure, a minor child was discharged from the room, then privatization is most likely to be refused. All adult citizens registered in the room are entitled to refusal of privatization, but this refusal must be notarized.
Common areas in a communal apartment
The utility part in a communal apartment is considered a common area. These places include the kitchen, bathroom, toilet, hallway. This part of a communal apartment, when privatizing rooms in it, is included in shared ownership.
Privatization of the garage. Where to begin?
Registration of ownership (privatization) of a garage implies not only the registration of this right, but also the privatization of the land on which the building is located. Garage located in garage cooperative (Civil Code), it’s more difficult to privatize than a separate one, because in this case, it is only part (boxing) of the whole property (structure). The privatization of the garage will allow you to dispose of the garage box at your discretion (sell, give, inherit, etc.). Where to begin?
First you should go to the leadership of the Civil Code and get a certificate of state registration of this cooperative. After that, order a technical description of the garage in the BTI. It is done for about a month. When it is ready, submit it with the package of documents to the Registration Chamber.
Documents for the privatization of the garage
- A statement that you wish to register the ownership of the garage.
- Passport.
- Declaration of title to real estate (the primary document confirming that the garage belongs to you).
- Cadastral plan of the plot on which the garage is built.
- A document confirming the ownership of the land on which the garage is located.
Any privatization requires considerable effort and time. If you do not want to go to instances yourself, then you can hire realtors who will perform all these actions for a fee. If the garage was built in Soviet times, and there are no documents for it, then the issue of privatization can be decided through the court.
