Customs is a modern demanded specialty, which includes an understanding of complex financial interactions directly related to the external and internal political actions of a particular state. In the restrictions imposed by political decisions, customs officers must carry out their work with the honor of the military and the prudence of financiers. Specialists who have received a diploma in "Customs" are required to serve their state both in the political and in the economic field.
Customs Law
The provision of customs services and all customs operations are regulated by the current provisions of the Customs Code. According to Art. 1 of this document, customs is all the methods and means aimed at observing and ensuring tariff and customs regulation. This also includes the existing system of prohibitions and restrictions established by the legislative acts of the country and accepted for implementation at all customs of our state.
Regulation of the flow of goods and vehicles that cross our borders in the forward or reverse direction is the essence of the work of a professional whose diploma says “Customs”. Universities teaching this specialty are obliged to provide students with all the necessary knowledge about the principles of modern domestic and international legislation, as well as in-depth information on tax, accounting and warehouse accounting, which will certainly be useful to specialists in their future activities.
The second important area of activity for specialists with a diploma in Customs is the harmonization of domestic laws and norms with international rules of logistics and trade and with the laws of other countries with which our state has economic relations. Standardization of border crossing rules leads to a reduction in the time of delivery of goods to the end user, which means a reduction in the cost of goods for the consumer.
Customs structure
The basics of customs can be represented as follows:
- rules for crossing the domestic border for vehicles and goods;
- existing customs regulations various countries;
- the provision of various benefits and preferences to certain categories of goods and vehicles, if this is specified by applicable regulations;
- conducting customs records, international product specifications for various categories of goods;
- determination of liability for violation of customs regulations.
In principle, the profession of a customs officer is based on the listed rules as a systematic basis, from which further orders and instructions will grow that regulate the work of specialists in this area. Although these points are quite different in meaning, their observance leads to one goal - the achievement of positive economic, regulatory and law enforcement results.
Where to study?
The specialty "Customs" has a code of 38.05.02. This parameter helps applicants to calculate those educational institutions that provide training in this specialty. At the end of the course, the graduate is given a bachelor's degree, specialist or master's degree, and the diploma indicates the specialty “Customs”.This profession can be studied at full-time and part-time departments of specialized universities, and distance education is also being extended to help people get the profession of a customs officer.
Universities
The faculty of customs is available in all higher education institutions specializing in the training of lawyers and economists of a wide profile. We can distinguish such educational institutions as:
- Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation;
- Russian Customs Academy;
- Nizhny Novgorod State University N.I. Lobachevsky;
- North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Education consists of a detailed study of the following sciences:
- In the first courses, the humanities are studied: a foreign language, history, philosophy. Some educational institutions introduce a new subject - the history of customs, and some leave the old discipline - domestic and foreign history. Attention is also paid to the study of jurisprudence and economic theory.
- The study of mathematical and natural sciences prepares students for the practical side of customs. This includes mathematics, science, and computer science.
Graduation
In senior courses, students are taught subjects directly related to the profession. Together with the discipline "Customs", the universities of our country offer to study such subjects as:
- commodity science;
- accounting and financial activities of enterprises and organizations;
- customs control and management;
- customs expertise;
- fundamentals of foreign economic activity;
- principles of prohibitions and restrictions in foreign trade.
This is not the whole list.
Practice
Students who choose this specialty, practice at nearby customs posts, conduct research activities, and can also participate in the development of new projects and customs laws. Persons who have already received a diploma in this specialty have the right to occupy jobs at state customs points, be employees of enterprises specializing in foreign economic activity, or become customs brokers who provide a range of services for crossing our borders with goods.
