So, social service. Let’s figure out what this concept includes. As a rule, mutually beneficial relations arise when the existing demand for certain goods or services meets with a proposal that fully satisfies the qualities of those who somehow realized and formulated a certain need. This is how relations are built in all areas, including social. Note that the demand for social services arises among the most vulnerable people: the elderly, the disabled and children from dysfunctional families. Let us consider in detail one of the types of social relationships - semi-stationary social services.
Parties to the relationship
Any contractual relationship involves at least two parties who agree on the rights and obligations in relation to each other.
In the Russian Federation, the right to social services, including semi-stationary social services, can be exercised by both citizens of the Russian Federation and foreigners, as well as persons without citizenship, but registered with a permanent place of residence in Russia. And this is one side.
On the other side are those bodies and organizations whose sphere of activity is the provision of necessary services. We will present them as decreasing powers:
- executive authority of the federal level: its function is legislative;
- state bodies of regional significance: their function is the executive and controlling the social sphere of the region;
- social service institutions accountable to federal executive bodies;
- social service institutions accountable to state bodies of regional importance;
- institutions providing social services on a non-state basis: both commercial and non-profit;
- private entrepreneurs providing social services to the population.
Basic principles
All bodies and institutions related to the social sphere, including the provision of stationary and semi-stationary social services, are guided in their work by certain principles.
We list the main ones:
1. Humane treatment of persons in hospital care, including:
- a ban on the use of any medication against them in order to influence behavior;
- the inadmissibility of the use of force or forced isolation.
The identification of these actions by the staff of the institutions entails administrative and criminal liability.
2. Social services are provided to persons in need on an exclusively voluntary basis. If desired, a person receiving social services can refuse them at any time.
3. All details of a confidential nature, as well as the personal data of the person who applied for the provision of social services, who became known to specialists in the social sphere, are not subject to disclosure. Responsibility for violation of this principle is also provided for by law.
4. Any citizen in need of social services should be able to receive it. The entire set of established social services should be available to anyone in need.
five.Bodies of social protection of the population are conducting systematic work aimed at creating and updating the database of people who, due to life circumstances, need social support. Lists of such people are also provided by educational institutions, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and medical institutions.
Payment for services
Social services are provided by organizations whose functions include stationary and semi-stationary social services for the population, both free and paid. The size of partial or full payment is established by the executive authorities of the federal level of the Russian Federation. The list of services provided is based on the demand of those categories of the population to whom these services are provided. Services provided free of charge are funded from the regional budget.
The quality of social services, as well as their regularity, is determined by the state standard.
The state is interested both in maintaining the usual quality of life, and in improving it for those categories of the population who are recognized as needing social services.
Definition of social services
The concept of social services refers exclusively to the social sphere. This is an activity carried out continuously, periodically or once in order to improve the quality of life of a person who has applied for help.
There are three types of social assistance, we list them:
1. Stationary, i.e. on an ongoing basis: provides for the accommodation of senior citizens and people with disabilities in boarding houses, as well as living with the educational process for children in boarding houses.
2. Semi-stationary, ie with a limited stay:
- stay in institutions of day and night residence - for the elderly and disabled;
- for minors who have lost their parents or removed from dysfunctional families - living in children's centers.
3. Home service: both on a regular basis, and one-off.
Thus, semi-stationary institutions of social services are those institutions in which staying for needy categories of the population is limited to a certain period established by law.
Social Services List
Social services can be provided to certain categories of the population on a long-term and regular basis or once.
It should be noted that the provision of social services for a long period is provided mainly for stationary and semi-stationary forms of social services. A citizen, being in a social institution, receives the following services on a regular basis:
- Social and domestic, providing a standard level of domestic comfort.
- Socio-medical, providing for a medical examination, carrying out therapeutic measures, including physiotherapy exercises, and, if necessary, the implementation of medical procedures.
- Socio-psychological, aimed at stabilizing the psychological state of the recipient of social services, his socialization. If necessary, anonymous psychological work is carried out through the helpline.
- Social-pedagogical - provided both taking into account the existing behavioral deviations from the recipients of social services, and for preventive purposes, which requires a revision of the value system and, as a result, the formation of interests conducive to development. Pedagogical assistance to parents in raising children is also provided.
- Social and labor - are a citizen experiencing difficulties with employment, as well as with the arrangement of life associated with the inclusion of a work schedule.
- Social and legal - are provided in order to increase legal literacy for certain categories of the population who need to assert their rights and interests.The provision of legal advice may be free, but this does not apply to representing a citizen in court.
- Services aimed at developing the communicative skills of a person with a disability in connection with the loss of limbs, eyesight and other organs intended for full communication.
This also applies to children with disabilities.
Urgent services
Consider the situation when you, as a lonely or lonely living pensioner or a disabled person, are faced with a problem, for the solution of which you need outside help. Your financial capabilities are not great, so you are not able to pay the necessary services at commercial prices. In this case, you may find useful information about emergency social assistance. It is provided by emergency social assistance departments at state budgetary institutions for social services. Such institutions exist in all regions of the Russian Federation.
So, how can they be useful to you.
To begin with, such establishments operate warehouses for free clothes and shoes. This clothing is brought as a charity by persons who, for whatever reason, do not use it. Clothing, both winter and summer, is accepted only in good condition, clean and ironed. Sometimes, as a charity, entrepreneurs bring new clothes and shoes. Also in the warehouse are children's toys, items of children's furniture, strollers and walkers. However, these things are not delayed in stock. Before the new school year, school supplies, uniforms and briefcases are stored in large numbers.
Therefore:
- You can get the necessary clothes in the form of free emergency social assistance at the warehouse, pick up shoes and other items that you need from the above list.
- If for any reason you need temporary housing, then by contacting the Social Security Administration, you will be able to get the opportunity to live in a semi-stationary social service institution.
- At you have legal difficulties, but you don’t have the means to pay for the services of a lawyer. In the form of emergency social assistance, you can be provided with free legal advice.
- If in your life there was a situation associated with a high level of stress, and you did not manage to overcome it yourself, then you will be able to seek psychological help at the emergency social services department. This assistance will be provided to you free of charge by the institution’s psychologist, and, if necessary, by the clergyman who interacts with this institution.
- If it is difficult for you to carry out minor cosmetic repairs on your own, then the social workers of the emergency social service departments will help you solve this problem. But these services will be paid. However, the prices for such works are quite budgetary.
- If you are disabled and you find it difficult to use public transport, but you need to travel, for example, to a place of treatment, then there is an urgent transport service in social service institutions. It is also paid: you pay the cost of gasoline and the driver’s work.
- Nice appearance should be at any age. But if there is no way to get to the nearest hairdresser, or her services are expensive, then you can make an application to call the hairdresser for an urgent social department. This service is also paid, however, its price is much lower than commercial.
Note: in order to receive urgent services, it is only necessary to fill out an application at the emergency social services department. The provision of semi-stationary social services as well as stationary, is associated with the procedure for processing the corresponding package of documents.
Who is eligible?
Not every citizen of the Russian Federation is entitled to the existing range of social services, but only one who has been recognized by a special commission as needing to provide social services. It is this citizen of the Russian Federation that will be considered the recipient of social services.
In each region of the country there is a Ministry of Labor and Social Development, and it is at its level that decisions are approved on the need of a citizen for social services.
This occurs under the following circumstances:
- a citizen cannot or is not able to properly continue to serve himself independently due to illness, age-related changes, injury or recognition of him as a disabled person;
- a citizen cannot provide proper permanent care for a disabled child or an adult recognized as a disabled person due to the fact that he is forced to work;
- the family includes children or one child in need of socialization, minors may also be wards;
- family members are not able to provide both permanent and temporary care for minors, people with disabilities, children with disabilities, including due to the lack of care for these family members;
- the family includes asocial persons with alcohol, drug or gambling addictions, as well as those with mental disabilities or signs of domestic violence;
- a citizen who has not reached the age of 23 is left without permanent residence upon leaving the institution for minors left without parents in connection with the death of the latter or in connection with the deprivation of parents' parental rights;
- the citizen is not employed and deprived of means of subsistence;
- other circumstances stipulated by regional legislation or federal laws.
Main document
So, if a citizen belongs to one of the above categories, he has the right to social services, both on a permanent and on a short-term basis. However, this does not mean that the social service institution can begin to provide social services to the citizen.
The registration process begins with the application of a citizen filed with the territorial institution of social services. After that, representatives of this institution travel to the citizen's place of residence to draw up an act of inspection of material conditions, as well as an examination of his physical and mental conditions, which are also reflected in the corresponding act.
These documents are the starting point for the formation of the "Individual Program for the provision of social services." This package of documents will reflect the types of semi-stationary social services and other clauses of the contract.
It should be remembered that only certain categories of people can apply for the provision of social services. We have listed them above.
Next, we list social services in a semi-stationary form of social services, taking into account the fact that their recipients are able to serve themselves and move around without assistance.
Where is this going?
Those who pretend to provide social services on a regular basis should know what their receipt will actually be associated with.
Semi-stationary social services are provided by specialists and special employees of the territorial complex centers of social services, at which day and (or) night departments for those in need are organized. These departments are supervised by social protection authorities.
Of course, you remember the establishment of a certain time period during which you can be a “resident” of the semi-stationary social services department. We are not talking about life in them.
The provision of semi-stationary social services can be both free (for certain types of services) and paid for you. The amount of payment for social services is associated with per capita funding established in each region of the Russian Federation. Per capita financing depends on the amount of the subsistence minimum established in the region of your residence.
How will they help you?
As part of the semi-stationary social services for senior citizens and people with disabilities, you can count on the following services:
- You will be provided with hot meals; bedding is proposed, a sleeping place is allocated in a room with sanitary and hygienic conditions corresponding to the standards for these institutions; You will have free access to printed materials of various kinds, as well as to board games appropriate to your age group.
- Social and medical services: you will be provided with both medical and psychological assistance within your needs; including you can count on sanitary and hygiene services, various types of wellness, rehabilitation procedures.
- Semi-stationary social services for people with disabilities include, in particular, medical rehabilitation manipulations in accordance with the "Individual Program for the Rehabilitation of a Disabled". It is difficult to overestimate this help, since not every citizen with a disability can afford daily rehabilitation measures at medical facilities, especially given their remoteness.
- As part of the semi-stationary social services for the elderly and disabled, it is provided not only to increase your educational level, but also to receive a new profession. You will be able to gain practical skills in the chosen profession, and with the help of psychological support it will be easier for you to gain confidence in the new circumstances and in your new status.
- Recipients of social services generally need legal assistance. And legal advice is provided to them at no cost.
As you can see, the organization of semi-stationary social services provides all kinds of necessary assistance, both to elderly citizens and people with disabilities for a constructive change in the quality of their life. And the time frame provided for staying in this institution is quite enough to maximize the effect of the stay. The main thing is to understand why you are here.
Rights and obligations
So, in order for a citizen to become a recipient of social services for a certain period, the "Individual program for the provision of social services" is filled out, which sets out the procedure for providing semi-stationary social services.
You have read the list of services above. From them you can choose those that are necessary, their number per week, specify the conditions and terms for their provision. In this document you can see a list of all social service providers available in your area of residence.
After the final viewing of this document, a person puts his signature, which will confirm acceptance of those conditions that are prescribed in the Program.
However, you need to know that if you want to change the quantity or conditions for the provision of your chosen social services, then you can always do it.
However, the social services provider does not have the right to change the order of semi-stationary social services and the types of services.
Home delivery
Branches of comprehensive social service centers can provide home-delivered social services for needy citizens.
Semi-stationary social services at home are provided to recipients of social services either for a certain time period (up to half a year), or indefinitely.
Features:
- This type of service can be chosen by those pensioners or people with disabilities who need outside help only in some areas, but in general they can cope with household chores. Such recipients of social services may have certain difficulties with self-care, therefore, when they need the help of social workers and social work specialists, they choose a set of general services (complex).
- Also, social and medical services may be provided at home, subject to the availability of a social and medical department as part of an integrated center for social services for the population. This is due to the fact that elderly people and people with disabilities who need this type of service may have diseases in which a social worker with a medical education is needed. These are diseases such as: mental disorders, but in remission; closed tuberculosis; oncology in the last stage.
- The legislation provides for circumstances and diseases in which the provision of social and medical services is impossible. A document confirming the presence of this disease is signed by a representative of the social welfare department and the medical and vocational center of the medical institution.
As for other social services provided at home, they are listed above in the chapter "How to help you." However, one should take into account the presence or absence in the staffing of the integrated center for social services of specialists competent in these areas.