By establishing rules of conduct in each of the existing spheres, any state tries by all possible methods to ensure their observance, including through the use of repressive measures against violators. This also applies to environmental control.
Everyone knows what a difficult environmental situation is in the country. A special structure, environmental control, will be able to bring at least some order, which will monitor the violators, punish them and monitor their compliance with the requirements. But what tasks does the government pose to the structure?
Environmental control: what is this structure?
This is one of the largest departments that monitors environmental protection, ensures law and discipline in this area. It involves many bodies and persons holding senior positions. So, some structures are involved in verifying compliance with and enforcement of environmental protection laws, while others must exercise control in the field of state environmental management.
In solving many problems posed to environmental control, other state structures, such as:
- The authorities, before which this direct functional task was set.
- Local government.
- Management bodies of business entities and legal entities.
- Citizens and public organizations.
Varieties of environmental control
There are several types of control. Each of them has its own powers and certain goals.
State environmental control is divided according to the criteria of the subject of control, so it can be general or special. It is carried out at the state level by specially authorized bodies and persons to carry out such work. It also represents one of the most important functions of environmental management. He was given all the powers in cases where it is necessary to apply administrative coercive measures, such as suspension of the enterprise, deprivation of the rights to use nature and others.
Municipal control is carried out on the territory of the municipality by self-government bodies in relation to production and social entities that are not related to federal state control entities.
Departmental control Ecology is carried out by the central authorities in relation to the organizations, institutions and enterprises subordinate to them within the framework of a particular industry.
Production control is carried out only within the framework of a particular business entity, enterprise, organization by the head or officials of certain structures.
Public environmental control is based on numerous documents that provide for public participation in important decisions.
According to legislation, state control in the field of ecology can be carried out in various forms:
- Hold a public hearing.
- Referenda.
- The implementation of public environmental review is also part of the environmental control framework.
- The media can help with such monitoring.
- Complaints, lawsuits and applications to various authorities and law enforcement agencies.
Environmental monitoring
The public service constantly monitors the state of the environment (monitors), monitors all processes occurring in nature, monitors the level of air, soil and water pollution, evaluates how all these changes affect the vital activity of living organisms. The service is headed by state supervision of hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring.
The entire state monitoring system includes services for individual natural sites and complexes. Surveillance is determined by industry-specific natural and resource laws. So, forest monitoring includes not only observation, but also an assessment and forecast of the state of the forest fund. The Ministry of Agriculture controls the use of chemicals in the cultivation of plants and animals.
Environmental Control Tasks
Before this structure, the state poses certain tasks that need to be addressed:
- Constant monitoring of the work of business entities that in any way affect the environment.
- They make sure that they are provided with all the necessary documents and other types of information about the activities of an organization and its impact on the environment.
- To identify all signs of violations in the legislation by enterprises and other structures dealing with natural resources.
- Finding out the reasons that contribute to the commission of environmental offenses, and taking all possible measures to identify and punish the offender.
- Holding persons liable for violation of environmental laws.
Work principles
State environmental control should be carried out with special responsibility, and each employee must follow the principles set by the structure:
- Independent control of the environment.
- The presumption of environmental hazard planned by any of the activities.
- Ensuring the reduction of the harmful effects of various activities on the environment in accordance with the documentation and existing laws in the field of environmental protection. But this can only be achieved when modern technology is applied.
- Impose administrative responsibility on individuals and enterprises that pose a serious threat to nature, as well as impede the implementation of projects that in the future can lead to the destruction of ecological systems, change or complete destruction of the genetic fund.
- Responsibility for any violation of environmental laws.
- The participation of organizations and enterprises in solving important issues related to environmental protection.
What tasks are set for state environmental control?
Environmental control is not only a structure that oversees the work of all enterprises and organizations throughout the state, but also a separate association that must exist in all institutions. This structure should ensure that a certain company fulfills all the tasks assigned to it and provides all the necessary information about the work to higher persons.
Environmental control at the enterprise should monitor the following tasks:
- Observe the state of the environment and all changes occurring as a result of the work of the enterprise.
- Regularly check how the requirements for the protection of nature, the rational use of resources, the improvement of the environment, and compliance with all laws are followed.
- Prevent violations and warn all possible environmental offenses.
- Identify conditions that violate environmental laws.
- Prevent environmental damage.
- Demand all the necessary documentation that can help find the perpetrator of the violations and punish him in accordance with the law.
- Punish violators.
What should environmental control inspectors monitor?
At each enterprise, a structure must be established that will conduct environmental monitoring. It can be several people or one - the inspector for environmental control. This specialist should:
- To exercise control over the protection of certain types of natural resources, if necessary, to attract specialists who are knowledgeable in these matters, regularly conduct checks of economic and other types of activities of legal, physical and official persons.
- Take all possible measures to stop and prevent violations of laws in the field of nature protection and to prevent harmful consequences.
- Take measures to identify the perpetrators and hold them accountable for violations of the requirements of the environmental committee.
- Explain in detail to violators their rights and obligations.
- To offer new methods and methods for healing and landscaping, improving the quality of services.
- Comply with all legal requirements.
Environmental control program at the enterprise
At each enterprise, environmental monitoring should be organized and there should be a program for which the inspector will work. Thanks to this service, an enterprise can avoid numerous fines and sanctions in the field of environmental disruption, as a result of which it will be possible to save money.
Environmental control at enterprises should monitor such objects:
- Flue gas cleaning system.
- Stationary or mobile stations that can release harmful substances into the environment.
- Water purification system.
- Sources of pollutants (including sewage, water bodies other).
- Industrial premises - sources of waste.
- Warehouses where hazardous components are stored.
- Soil and water that are polluted through the fault of the enterprise.
- Sanitary protection zones.
In order to track and control the activities of each organization, a special structure is needed that will monitor all the points referred to in the environmental control instructions for large and small enterprises. The inspector monitors the emissions of the enterprise, regularly reports to higher structures.
Conclusion
Without state control over the environment, it would be very difficult to find the person to blame for this or that incident. Supervision at each of the existing enterprises allows controlling harmful emissions into the environment. Industrial and environmental control, a sample of instructions are at each enterprise, will quickly find a way out of any difficult situation and prevent catastrophes.
