Speaking of hosiery, they usually mean a variety of stockings, leggings, foot rests, tights, knee socks and socks. It should also be noted that stockings can be completely different in their purpose: household and medical. In addition, such products can be divided into women's and children's products. Socks, tights and leggings are also divided into male, female and children's varieties.
There is another classification that applies to hosiery: according to the type of raw materials used. These products are made from such yarn as cotton, woolen, half-woolen, blended. In addition, kapron threads are used, which can be combined with knitted weaves.
Change in production over time
Somewhere in the mid-80s in the country, hosiery production was established in the amount of about one and a half billion pairs in one year.
However, demand was still too high. After a number of years, production declined altogether.
In 1990, a total of 700 million products were produced. Ten years later, the volume of hosiery production at all reached approximately 350 products per year.
And only at the end of the next decade, a large batch again went on sale - 1 billion hosiery. And this is without taking into account the products that were produced by illegal means.
There are other, no less positive trends. According to statistics, the production of domestic products of this kind continues to grow over the past few years. And every year, production increases by about 30 percent. The import share of such products in the country also reaches about 30 percent in cash. Domestic manufacturers in the market took about 40% of the total. However, it should also be noted that the share of shadow production and illegal import is also very large.
Product import
Among the main countries that have established the production of socks and are engaged in the import of products to Russia, we can distinguish Lithuania, Latvia, Italy, China, Germany, Slovenia, etc. These statistics take into account not only a variety of nylon products, but also knitwear.
Domestic manufacturers of such an industry as hosiery manufacture ship their products mainly to Kazakhstan, Italy, France and Mongolia. If you look at the annual volume of the export share, then it reached about $ 1 million.
Production advantages
As can be seen from the foregoing, the production of hosiery in the domestic market is quite large. This segment can be considered one of the few where domestic products in some cases prevail over those that are imported. This is largely due to not very high prices, excellent quality and beautiful design.
It should also be noted that until recently, it was quality with external appearance that was considered a weak point of our products. However, over the past few years, everything has changed significantly, as manufacturers began to carefully approach the choice of raw materials. In addition, hosiery equipment is being improved with the help of which production takes place. New technologies are being introduced, and the already used lines are expanding.
There is one more advantage of domestic producers, which cannot be distinguished. They can quickly react to changes in demand.
What are the disadvantages of production?
However, one cannot fail to note the problems that domestic manufacturers have. The main ones can be considered the minimum amount of working capital, a not too high level of management, a large share of illegal imports and shadow production.
Newcomers to the business, who are looking for the answer to the question of how to open their production from scratch, may also encounter a variety of problems. In this case, one can single out too long a project for the production of hosiery. If entrepreneurship is planned to be organized from scratch, then this may stretch for several years. And the first few months of the year will be spent only on purchasing all the necessary hosiery machines.
Certain difficulties may also arise due to the fact that domestic raw materials, which are necessary for the production of nylon products, are almost completely absent. Also, there are not enough highly qualified workers in this area. Capron is usually produced through the use of phenol, benzene, cyclohexane, toluene. All of these components can be obtained through the processing of oil and coal. Today, kapron production through the use of phenol is especially popular.
Equipment purchase
Especially you have to work hard, buying all the necessary equipment for the production of socks and tights. In this case, everything will depend on the available funds. Also, do not write off products that you plan to produce.
The equipment used in the manufacture of socks is produced by a minimum number of domestic enterprises. However, at the cost it is the most optimal. In addition, do not forget that used machines can be purchased for a minimum amount of money.
New equipment, which is necessary for the production of stockings and socks, will cost from one hundred to five hundred thousand rubles. The minimum set of new equipment should have five hosiery devices, a toe sewing machine, as well as molding equipment. It will all take about 600 thousand rubles, or even more.
Among the main shortcomings characteristic of Russian-made equipment are too frequent breakdowns. This is taking into account the fact that some equipment should work round the clock without stopping. It is impossible not to note the limited nature of the products that can be produced on purchased equipment. However, if you plan to open a low-budget production, this option should be considered optimal.
Chinese equipment
You can turn your attention to Chinese equipment. It will cost more. However, there is not enough data on its use. The cost of knitting machines can reach 150 thousand rubles or more. Ketel equipment, which is necessary to connect some knitwear loops, will require about 120 thousand to purchase. A little more money will have to be spent on the purchase of a molding machine.
If we take into account the most conservative estimates, then it turns out about one and a half million rubles to purchase a complete set for production from Chinese manufacturers. If you add to this amount also the costs that transportation will require, as well as the need for certification, installation, commissioning and training, then the costs will increase even more.
Expensive equipment
The equipment that comes from Korea can be compared at prices with Chinese. However, its quality and reliability are better. The most expensive equipment is made in Italian factories. In addition, it is of high quality.Minimum equipment will require about five million to purchase it. However, using this technique, you can always produce about 50 thousand pairs per month. The life of the equipment is about 30 years.
If the equipment is not new, then its purchase can cost half the price. However, before you purchase it, you need to consult with specialists. After all, the cost of repairs that the equipment may need is able to cover the difference in cost between old and new machines.
The difficulty of producing tights
It should be noted that everything is much more complicated when it comes to making women's tights. It will not be possible to buy domestic equipment, since there is none at all. And about 7 million euros will need to be spent on imported equipment. However, productivity will reach about ten million pairs a year. It is irrational to buy outdated equipment for 250 thousand euros, as productivity will be very low.
Conclusion
These are the main nuances that were worth highlighting. All of them relate to the production of hosiery. Therefore, if you decide to engage in this type of activity, then you should be prepared for costs and difficulties.
