The search for the best type of solid fuel led to the appearance of the so-called fuel briquettes. The first attempts to make them were made in the mines of England, when unnecessary coal dust was treated with a special adhesive composition, and then subjected to pressing. Nowadays briquette production equipment It is a high-tech complex of small sizes with a large volume of products.
Types of briquettes
First you need to find out what is this new type of fuel? Outwardly, these are small blocks of various shapes (rectangular, tubular or granules) made from wood waste or coal industry. Substandard materials are used for production.
First they undergo pre-processing. Then enter the production line. Depending on the type of raw material, the following types of briquettes are distinguished:
- Woody. They include dried shavings obtained after chopping branches or waste. As a result of reducing the water content to 4%, the heat transfer of the finished product increases.
- Coal. The source material is dust arising from the processing and sorting of fuel. Opening of production on this basis is recommended only in regions with coal mining.
- Plant materials. First of all, sunflower husk refers to them. It is a by-product in the manufacture of vegetable oil and is available in almost all regions.
Pulp industry waste - paper and cardboard - is rarely used in the production of briquettes. The thermal value of the resulting blocks is relatively small, and the amount of source material should be large.
Manufacturing methods
The production process directly depends on the type of raw materials used. In most cases, these are wooden sawdust. For their processing using a special press for the production of briquettes. It is a crank mechanism, which forms the product by mechanical action on the feedstock.
Pre-dried sawdust on a conveyor belt comes in a special form. There, with the help of a steel rod, the raw material is extruded through the die. As a result, cubic-shaped products are obtained. The press operates under pressure up to 300 atmospheres, which allows you to create the maximum density of the briquette.
To protect against swelling, the outside can be heat treated, resulting in a uniform waterproof layer. In addition, the briquette machine can be a conventional press with a lower pressure value. Such designs are used for the manufacture of RUFF briquettes.
Line picking
When choosing equipment, the type of feedstock is taken into account. Since in most cases fuel briquettes are made from wood waste, you should consider an example of a complete set of just such a line. To ensure the smooth operation of production, the following equipment will be required:
- Wood waste chopper. This device with the help of knives or rotating shafts forms small chips.
- Drying of raw materials. It is necessary to reduce humidity to 5%.
- Extruder with pressing function and heat treatment. This briquette plant is the most important link in the production process.
- Packing machine.To preserve the integrity of the product and prevent the increase in its moisture content, each block of briquettes is packed in an airtight film.
This equipment for the production of briquettes will be optimal for a small workshop. Upon completion of the process, the products enter the warehouse.
Briquette press Ruff
When organizing a small production, you can use a different manufacturing method. The order of completing the line is fully consistent with the above, with one exception - the extruder is replaced with a press of low power.
It is a machine in which there are 2 stages of processing the source material. First, the sawdust is shaped into a brick by applying pressure to them. Then, under a more powerful press, the particles in the briquette are deformed, their molecular penetration into each other occurs. When using this technology, there is no need for a binder, which significantly affects the cost of production and time of production.
Extruder
The main equipment for the production of briquettes is an extruder with a small storage capacity, into which finished raw material enters through the conveyor belt. The selection parameter of such a machine will be productivity - kilogram per hour. To minimize costs in the manufacture of a small volume of products, instead of a conveyor, you can backfill material manually.
For the safety of the final product, it is recommended to purchase a packaging machine. It can work both in automatic and in manual mode. With an increase in volume, it is necessary to purchase a more powerful extruder, additional machines and devices for complete automation of the process.
