Speaking of politics, we often imagine a certain system that has its own levers of influence, schemes, functions and tasks. It is worth noting that any system has its own elements that exist in a certain connection with each other. Nevertheless, each of them carries its own goals and is responsible for its tasks. The same can be said about the subsystems of the political system of society.
A complex system
To get started, it’s worth a little understanding of the policy system itself. It is clear that this concept means the totality of some elements, such as norms, institutions, organizations, ideas, and their relationship. Thanks to them, political power can function effectively.
It is important to understand that political institutions, whether state or non-state, carry out certain tasks, thereby allowing the government to work fully, in several directions at once.
In addition to the basic elements of this complex scheme, there are also additions. Political institutions complement informal causes and actions that have every chance to restore the outcome of events.
Characteristic
Like other systems, the political one has its own characteristic features that determine its type and functionality. It can be described with:
- Ideology.
- Culture.
- Norm
- Traditions and customs.
This typical characteristic allows you to highlight and policy features. There are dozens of them, but theoretically there are only seven. The first is conversion, that is, all the opinions that the government receives from citizens are converted into political tasks. The next is adaptation: all systems in politics are required to adapt to changes in public life.
Mobilization involves the use of people and resources to achieve the goals. Protection is responsible for stability in the socio-political system and the protection of all human values and principles. Another function is working on effective and productive relationships between countries. Consolidation helps to establish contact between collective needs and social groups. The last thing the political system is responsible for is distribution, with which you can create a balance between material and spiritual values.
Classification
Before we figure out what exactly is a subsystem of the political system of society, we will analyze the entire given segment in more detail. The division on functioning is facilitated by certain views. The political scheme can be democratic or authoritarian; typification is determined by decisions made by the authorities.
There is also a classification of the political regime, which can be aimed at totalitarianism or liberalism. This type is characterized by the degree of government interference in public relations.
Structure
Speaking about what structural components of the political system are, we are obliged to say that there is no concrete classification. In many ways, these varieties of the subsystem are similar to each other. However, the bulk of cases can be combined and interconnected.
Subsystems of the political system of society are normative, institutional, ideological and regulatory. These elements can be called differently, for example, there is an organizational and institutional segment, it is responsible for political institutions, parties, organizations of the country, groups and social movements.The following, regulatory and regulatory, works on the principles, morals, moral orders, political and legal aspects.
Cultural and ideological is designed to support political ideology, culture and psychology. But the communicative is responsible for the formation of effective and peaceful ties.
Norms
So, the normative subsystem of the political system appears due to the construction of relationships on the foundation of special rules. This element consists of political, universally recognized measures and customs that not only determine, but also regulate public behavior and life. For the state to have a guarantee of peace within the country, it is necessary to form legal norms. Among them are laws and acts that regulate the activities of many organizations.
Such legislative documents are the regulation of parties and public organizations, but in any power there are unofficial customs and traditions that are not fixed on paper. They are also important for citizens and respected by them.
In addition to the above components, which are regulated by the regulatory subsystem of the political system, there are also ethical and moral rules. These norms usually characterize the understanding by society of concepts related to good and evil, truth and justice.
Institutions
The institutional subsystem brings together political institutions. The most important is power. If we take into account non-governmental organizations, here we can include the movement of parties and socio-political formations. These associations can also be divided into several types. Actually political ones are aimed at influence and regulation of power, impact on the government.
Non-political ones work in all areas except the political. Their influence extends to the economy, culture, society, etc. But in order to achieve their goals, they need to participate in political events, express their ideas and try to realize them.
The third group is practically not connected with politics. These organizations appear in order to fulfill their personal ideas and goals. Among these associations may be sports clubs or interest clubs. On their own, they cannot be active participants in the political process, but the institutional subsystem can connect them with political institutions under the influence of the state.
Ideology
The ideological subsystem usually functions through interaction with the cultural aspect. Therefore, this element is called cultural and ideological. This includes many components that form ideological views, thoughts and feelings. Typically, this subsystem affects subjects in two ways: theoretical - political ideology, and empirical - political psychology.
The first, theoretical, part includes ideological expressions, concepts and opinions, and the second - the emotional aspect, based on feelings and prejudices. In the ideological subsystem, these parts interact and are equal components.
It is worth noting the significant role of political culture. It consists of many social behaviors and stereotypes that are established in a separate society. Typically, political culture is passed on from parents to children as an educational aspect, which forms the teachings and statements regarding the norms of human behavior.
Regulation
The regulatory subsystem of the political system is similar to the regulatory. In various classifications, they are combined into one or have the same functionality. This kind of subsystem of the political system of society contains corporate and legal norms that are created by the state or public groups.
By and large, the normative and regulatory segments are one and the same thing, not differing in the composition of objects and subjects of law.
Communication
Since the clearly visible structure of the subsystems is lacking, the fifth element of the political system can be noted. The communicative component is responsible for the implementation of relations and interconnections between all sectors of society.
In order to realize all possible goals, the subjects of political events must work on relationships with each other, as well as with the social environment. An example of such interactions can be considered parliamentary committees and their relations or the cooperation of the state with parties.
For the implementation of tasks it is necessary to use communication channels. They help in transferring the needs of society to representatives of the country. An example is polls, elections, hearings, or other similar events. The communication channel, which serves as the reciprocal transmission - from the state to the population, are journalists. Thanks to the media, people can learn about legislative projects, approved regulatory acts.
Features
Note that the political system has many levels, therefore, it has many complex subsystems with its parts and connections. This association has three levels of the subsystem of the political system of society and relationships. Two levels at once are occupied by institutional elements, which can be higher or upper, as well as middle or intermediate. The third is non-institutional, involves a lower, massive micro level.
The policy system also consists of certain institutions and entities. The leading role is played by the power, which serves as the educational element of the whole association and works as a connecting link of the remaining components.
