To provide home electricity, many want to make their own wind generator. On the market, this device is quite expensive, and the cost of such a do-it-yourself technique is much lower.
Before assembly, you should determine the type of model. Wind generators differ in power and number of blades. It is also important to consider the design features of the modifications. In order to understand this issue in more detail, it is necessary to consider first of all the standard circuit of the device.
Simple generator device
A conventional wind generator includes blades, a driven pulley, and a shaft. The bed is usually installed in metal. The charge controller can be used contact or phase type. An inverter as well as a converter are needed directly for power supply. Some modifications are equipped with special tail plates. During gusty winds they help a lot.
Devices with sailing blades
Devices with sailing blades are quite rare on the market. Do-it-yourself wind generators for the home are made, usually of low power. On average, their torque reaches 22 Nm. In order to assemble a modification of 15 W, a bed, a current collector and a converter are required. In this case, the pulley is used in steel.
First of all, the mast is installed during assembly. Further, it is important to securely attach the bed to it. Some modifications are assembled with swivel mechanisms. To increase the efficiency of the device, stators of various types are used. Tail plates are most often mounted in aluminum. An inverter for the device is suitable for a pulse type. The converter itself is standardly used at 220 V.
Vane Shaped Models
Making wind generators for your home with your wing-shaped blades is quite simple. First of all, for the model you need to build a mast. It is made most often with a round cross section. The bed in this case will require a small width. The blades in the structure are mounted directly on the drive shaft. Attach a tail plate to the mast of the device. A two-phase rectifier is used to supply electricity to an electric generator for wind turbines. If we consider modifications with a wind wheel with a diameter of 200 cm, then the parameter of the rated power, as a rule, does not exceed 50 watts. Many models produce an average of 120 revolutions per minute.
The efficiency parameter of wind-type generators fluctuates around 85%. If we consider a model of a winged shape with a wind wheel with a diameter of 250 cm, then in this case the indicator of the rated power increases to 70 watts. It is also important to consider that the threshold voltage fluctuates around 30 V. Directly the torque in the devices reaches 12 Nm. The efficiency in this case does not exceed 80%. An average wind generator (market price) costs around 340 thousand rubles.
20 W device overview
20 W generators are produced with low power. As a rule, the torque of the models does not exceed 15 Nm. If we consider modifications with a 220 cm wind wheel, then their efficiency parameter is 80%. Directly rated voltage fluctuates around 13 V.In order to assemble the modification yourself, you will need a mast, as well as a durable pulley. The converter for the design is selected at 220 V. To reduce the friction force of the shaft, thrust bearings are used. In some cases, pulse inverters are used to supply voltage.
How to make a 30 W model?
220V and 30W wind generators for a private home are ideal. If we consider modifications with a small wind wheel, then their efficiency does not exceed 83-85%. In turn, the torque is at 13 Nm.
To protect the bed, many experts recommend the use of clamps. Directly, the blades are selected winged type. For the operation of a wind-type generator, a 220 V converter is required. An inverter for this purpose is used both in pulsed and operational types. An average quality wind generator (market price) will cost about 380 thousand rubles.
50 Watt device reviews
How to make a 50 W wind generator? A 2.5 cm pulley is used for this. A rotary assembly for the shaft will need a roller type. If you believe the reviews of experts, then the blades are better to choose a wing-shaped. If we consider modifications with a wind wheel with a diameter of up to 200 cm, then their rated voltage indicator does not exceed 65 V. Torque, as a rule, does not reach 15 Nm. The average efficiency of wind-type generators is 75%. If you believe the reviews of experts, the tail plates should be made of aluminum sheets.
Model circuit 80 W
An 80 W wind generator includes a bed, blades, and a current collector. Directly inverter is used phase type. For self-assembly of the modification, a high-quality mast is first of all selected. For this purpose, you can use a conventional pipe with a diameter of about 3.5 cm. Directly, the bed is installed with a rotary mechanism. To reduce the friction force, a roller device with a protective sleeve is used.
If we consider modifications with a small diameter of the wind wheel, then the converter can be used at 220 V. In this case, the threshold voltage parameter fluctuates around 25 V. On average, the shaft must make at least 130 revolutions per minute. The maximum torque in these generators is 25 Nm. In some cases, experts advise installing small tail plates. With a strong gusty wind, they are able to protect the structure from damage.
Description of 120 Watt Generators
How to make a wind generator do it yourself? Modifications to 120 W are made using three-phase rectifiers. Directly, the blades are more suitable to use a wing-shaped. On average, the diameter of the wind wheel is at least 230 cm. In this case, the parameter of the working wind speed fluctuates around 4 meters per second. The rated voltage should not exceed 30 V. If we consider devices with a small diameter of the wind wheel, then their efficiency indicator does not exceed 85%. The torque of the device is at 23 Nm.
Vertical Blade Models
Install a wind generator with vertical blades is not difficult. First of all, a large mast is prepared for assembly. The bed itself is made of steel. Rectifier many experts recommend installing a two-phase type. All this will allow to achieve a high efficiency.
On average, the rating of the rated voltage in the devices does not exceed 30 V. In turn, the maximum power of wind-type generators is at the level of 120 watts. If we consider modifications with a small diameter of the wind wheel, then they have a torque of 16 Nm. In this case, the minimum operating wind speed is 3 meters per second.
Double Blade Devices
On two blades, wind generators for the home should be assembled from the installation of the mast. On average, the diameter of the wind wheel must be 200-230 cm. In this case, the minimum wind speed will be about 3 meters per second. Rotary mechanisms are used to install the blades. Support bearings are used to reduce the friction force of the pulley.
If we consider devices with a collector stator, then their maximum power indicator is at the level of 80 watts. The threshold voltage itself does not exceed 25 V. The shaft is capable of about 130 revolutions per minute. The torque of generators of this type reaches a maximum of 21 Nm. All this allows you to increase the efficiency up to 88%.
Three Blade Models
Three-blade wind generators are available in different capacities. The most common are considered devices with a 230 mm wind wheel. In this case, a steel frame is used to assemble the model. Directly the mast is selected with a diameter of up to 5.5 cm. The stator in this case will require a collector type. In this case, the rated voltage of the generator will fluctuate around 25 V. In turn, the torque indicator will not exceed 20 Nm.
If we consider a modification with a 270 cm wind wheel, then the stator should be installed with a current collector. The rectifier in this case uses a two-phase type. Before installing the transmitter, it is important to secure the swivel assembly. For this, a support plate is used. On average, the power indicator for these modifications fluctuates around 13 watts. The rated voltage parameter does not exceed 22 V. For a minute, the shaft is capable of about 150 revolutions. The minimum operating wind speed is 3 meters per second.
Four-blade device reviews
Modifications to four blades are often assembled with 220 V converters. In this case, a rectifier will be required of a pulse type. Directly, the blades are selected wing-shaped. For normal operation of the device requires a high-quality current collector.
If you believe the reviews of specialists, then you need to start the assembly of the modification with the installation of the mast and bed. Next, a rectifier and a current collector are attached. Then the blades are mounted on the shaft. At the end of the work, the tail plate is fixed. It can be made of aluminum sheet.
