Types of premiums. Bonuses at work

The prize is the award for achievements in the professional field of activity in the field of economics, science, art and others. This is an incentive prize, cash payment, any other insignia in the form of a figurine, diploma, medal, and the like. There are quite a lot of types of premiums in these industries today. During the existence of the Soviet Union, some awards were established for achievements and activities for the good of the country. In addition to official state and world bonuses, there is also bonuses to employees.

The winner is the one who received the prize, and the nominee is the one who is presented for awarding on a competitive basis.

Prizes in the scientific field: Russian and international

The tradition of awarding the most worthy representatives of the scientific field appeared only three centuries ago. The first was the French Academy of Sciences (1720). St. Petersburg Academy awarded the first winner after 27 years.

Types of international awards in the field of science:

• The Nobel Prize in: medicine or physiology, chemistry, physics, for achievements in the field of culture and society.
• Harvey Award (in the field of medicine).
• Isaac Newton Medal (in Physics).
• Danny Heinemann Prize (Mathematical Physics).
• Lasker Award for Excellence in Medicine.
• Field Prize (for beginning mathematicians).
• Matteuchi Medal (award for scientists working in the field of physics).
• International Biology Award.
• Brewster Prize (in the field of ornithology).
• Abel Prize (awarded to mathematicians).
• Guggeinheim Award (International Academy of Astronautics).
• Dirac Medal (physics).
• Charles Stark Draper Award (for engineering services).

Nobel Prize

It is one of the most famous and significant international awards. Few people know that the first award was not held in 1901, as everyone thinks, but in 1896 at the Royal Swedish Academy. It was the study conducted by Alexei Stepanov, "Fundamentals of Lamp Theory," which then won the prize. However, then it was opened not in honor of Alfred, but in the name of Ludwig Nobel - the brother of a famous scientist.

The Nobel Foundation is equal to 31 million Swedish kronor left by Alfred Nobel in the name of science. The prize is awarded by the Swedish Academy, the Royal Academy of Sciences in Stockholm and the Royal Carolina Medical and Surgical Institute, as well as the Norwegian Nobel Parliamentary Committee.

Over the entire existence of the prize, two-time Nobel laureates became: John Bardin, Linus Pauling and Maria Sklodowska Curie.

December 10, on the day of the death of the main founder of the award Alfred Nobel awards ceremony is held.

The prize includes a gold medal with a portrait of Nobel, a diploma and a cashier's check, the amount of the prize depends on the amount of accumulations of the Nobel Foundation.

In 2015, the Nobel Prizes received:

• Deaton Engus (economic industry);
• William Campbell, Satoshi Omura, Tu Yu (physiology and medicine);
• Aziz Sanjar, Paul Modric, Thomas Lindahl (chemistry merit awards);
• Arthur MacDonald, Takaaki Kajita (in Physics);
• Svetlana Aleksandrovna Aleksievich (literary);
• The Quartet of National Dialogue in Tunisia (for supporting the idea of ​​world peace).

Types of awards in the field of science (Russian):

• Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology.
• Prize to them. I. Ya. Pomeranchuk (theoretical physics).
• International Prize N. I. Lobachevsky for works in mathematics.
• Demidov Prize.

Prizes in the field of art and literature, literary prizes

The first awards in the field of art were prizes at the Pythian Games (for music), at the Olympic Games (also musicians).Various societies and academies began to award the prize only from the 19th century.

Literature awards include:

• The Pulitzer Prize is one of the most significant US prizes awarded for contributions to literature, theater, music, and literature.
• Tsarskoye Selo Art - for his contribution to the art and culture of the Russian Federation.
• Roman Award for Excellence in the Field of Art (French).
• Imperial Prize (Japanese).

Russian literary prizes:

• "Book of the year."
• Prize of Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
• Literary Prize named after V.A. Zhukovsky.
• "National bestseller."
• "Big Book".
• "Russian Booker".
• State Prize of Russia in the field of literature.
• All-Russian Prize named after A.N. Tolstoy.
• State Prize of Bulat Okudzhava.

Types of literature awards found abroad:

• Goethe Prize (Germany).
• Somerset Maugham Award (UK).
• Miguel de Cervantes Prize (Spain).
• Campiello Prize (Italy).
• Ibsen International Prize (Norway).
• Pulitzer Prize (United States of America).
• Prize of Grigory Skovoroda (Ukraine).
• Medici Award (France).
• Yukio Mishima Award (Japan).

Depending on the genres of literature, there are such types of prizes:

• Russian national award "Poet" (poetry).
• Hugo Award (fiction).
• Edgar Alan Poe Award (Detective).

Pulitzer Prize

It is awarded for creative successes in the field of theater, music, journalism and literature.

Time: the first of May Monday. The organizers are representatives of Columbia University in New York. The prize amount is 10 thousand dollars. It is famous for the scandalous history of the choice of winners.

It is held in several genre nominations, which are also divided into many other nominations:

• Journalism (for cartoons, for art photography, for commentary, for an outstanding investigation, for service to society, etc.).
• Literature (for a non-fiction book, for a poem, for a biography or autobiography, for a dramatic work for the theater, for a history book, for an art book).
• Other (special prizes for an outstanding piece of music).

Books that received the Pulitzer Prize at one time:

• “The Short and Amazing Life of Oscar Wao” (Hongot Diaz);
• “Middle Sex” (Jeffrey Eugenidis);
• “Production: A World History of the struggle for oil, money and power” (Daniel Yergin);
• “To Kill a Mockingbird” (Harper Lee);
• “The Old Man and the Sea” (Ernest Hemingway);
• “The entire royal army” (Robert Penn Warren);
• The Short Story (Marjorie Rawlings);
• Bunches of Wrath (John Steinbeck).

2015 Pulitzer Prize Laureates:

• For Outstanding Musical Composition: Julia Wolf - Anthracity Fields.
• For Non-Fiction: Elizabeth Colbert - The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural Story.
• For the fiction book: Anthony Dorr - the novel "The Whole World Unseen for Us".
• For international reporting: The New York Times.
• For the news photo: photo edition St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
• For Outstanding Sensational Submission: The Seattle Times.
• Serving Gold Medal: Editorial by The Post and Courier.

Prizes established and operating during the times of the USSR

Examples of premiums in force in the former Soviet Union:

• Stalin Prize for Literature.
• Prize of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR for literature (for works about employees of law enforcement bodies).
• USSR State Prize (in the field of art and literature, science and technology).
• USSR KGB Prize in the field of literature and art (for writing works on the Soviet state security service).
• Lenin Prize (for contribution to art and science).
• RSFSR State Prize (annual award for contribution to architecture, art and literature).
• Pushkin Prize Fund A. Tepfer.
• Lenin Komsomol Prize (encouraging young authors).

Stalin Prize

It was handed over to citizens who showed their outstanding knowledge, skills in the field of literature, art, in military affairs, in improving the labor process, science and technology.

According to the decree "On the procedure for awarding the prize", the committees completed the acceptance of works on October 15 of each year and nominated them to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR until December 1. Accepted work completed in the current year in which the application for the competition is submitted. The application, the work on which was completed after October 15 to December 1 of the current period, was postponed to the next year.

Musical works and architectural projects were presented in one copy. Works related to military affairs, descriptions of designers and inventions were presented in triplicate in any language, typed on a typewriter. Other works of art were to be presented exclusively in the original.

Witnesses claim that I.V. Stalin looked closely at each candidate, especially at the first prize in 1941, so the Stalin Prize was a mark of distinction in the cultural, engineering, technical, scientific life of his enterprise and the Soviet Union.

The seven-time Stalin Prize laureate was Sergei Ilyushin, a Soviet aircraft designer, an absolute record among other laureates.

In 1956, the Stalin Prize was canceled in order to eradicate Stalin’s personality cult. It was then at the Congress of the Central Committee of the CPSU that the Lenin Prize was approved.

Music awards

Types of awards for achievements in music (foreign):

• "Victoire de la music" (French).
• MTV Europe Music Awards (European, from MTV Channel).
• American Music Award (American) and many others.
• Polar Music Prize (often called the Nobel Prize in Music).
• Grammy (founded by the American Academy of Recording).

Russian music awards:

• Muz-TV Award.
• "Golden Gramophone Award".
• MTV Russia Music Awards.
• "Chanson of the Year."
• Stopudovy hit.

Muz TV Award

Awarded by the Muz-TV channel, awarded annually to the creators of popular music. The expert council nominates nominees in each category. Then SMS and Internet voting takes place.

The ceremony is held at the Olympic stadium, which attracts thousands of spectators, as well as Russian and foreign pop stars. The stage of the Olympic Palace was visited by Christina Aguilera, Sharon Stone, Jennifer Lopez, Katty Perry and other famous musicians and groups.

Not so long ago, the names of musical artists and the names of groups that could compete for the Muz-TV Prize in 2016 became known:

• Sergey Lazarev, Egor Creed, Emin, Dima Bilan and singer Valeria are competing for the prize in the nomination "Best Album".
• Glyuk’oZa, Maxim, Sati Casanova, Anna Sedokova, Anita Tsoi compete for the "Best Female Video" award.
• In the nomination "Best performer" you can see Sergey Lazarev and Dima Bilan again, and Nikolay Baskov, Leonid Agutin and Grigory Leps will make him company.
• "The best concert show": Leonid Agutin and the Esperanto band, Dima Bilan, Polina Gagarina, Danila Kozlovsky, Sergey Lazarev.
• Compete for the prize and title of the best pop group: IOWA, "Degrees", A’Studio, "Band’Eros", Serebro.
• This time in the nomination "Best Duet" presented: Grigory Leps and Ani Lorak, Mot and Bianca, Valeria and Anna Shulgina, Natan and Timati, MC Doni and Natalie.
• Male singers submitted their videos for the contest in the appropriate category. Whose video clip will win? Emin, Alexey Vorobyov, Pizza, Timati feat. "Record Orchestra" by Yegor Creed?
• Hip-hop projects also do not lag behind their fellow musicians and compete for the title of the best: L’One, Dzhigan, Basta, Timati, Bianca.
• And I can get the title “Breakthrough of the Year”: “Time and Glass”, Hannah, Artik & Asti, Julianna Karaulova, Alekseev.
• The prize in the nomination "Best Song" is hoped to take: "Time and Glass", Timati feat. "Record Orchestra", "Leningrad", Nyusha, Alekseev.
• And again, the nomination "Best Video", where the nominated: Ani Lorak, Sergey Lazarev, Timati feat. "Record Orchestra", Nyusha, Dima Bilan.
• Polina Gagarina, Nyusha, Ani Lorak, Zemfira, Valeria are fighting for the title of best performer.
• Rock performers do not stand by the Muz-TV award. And for the title of the best rock performers will perform: "Leningrad", Zemfira, Nargiz, "Bi-2", "Beasts".
• The best song in a foreign language will be one of the following songs: Swanky Tunes ft. Christian Burns - Skin & Bones, Maxim Fadeev - Breach The Line, Polina Gagarina - A Million Voices, Emin - Boomerang, Serebro - Kiss.

Academic Music Awards:

• Ditson Award (Conductors Award).
• Bispem Memorial Medal (awarded to the operetta authors).
• Leoni Soning Prize (Danish).
• Glenn Gould Award (Canadian).
• Ernest von Siemens Prize (one of the most prestigious awards in this area).

Theater awards

Abroad, the most prestigious theater award is the American Tony Award.

Russian theater awards:

• Golden Spotlights.
• "Crystal Turandot".
• The Golden Mask.
• Stanislavsky Prize.
• Smoktunovsky Prize.
• Theatrical prize "Figaro" named after Andrei Mironov.
• The Golden Leaf.
• "Gull".

Film awards

Prizes for special achievements in the field of cinema are given in several categories ("Best Film of the Year", "Best Actor of the Year", "Best Screenwriter", "Best Soundtrack", etc.).

Foreign film awards:

• Oscar award".
• European Film Academy Award.
• "Saturn".
• Golden Globe.

Oscar award"

It is one of the most prestigious awards in the film industry. Every year, the American Film Academy brings to the court the film projects that were released this year. Films, the timing of which is at least forty minutes, become nominees. Pictures that were rented on the territory of the Los Angeles Territorial District at least a week in a year of presentation of the award.

Currently, the Oscar is awarded in 24 major categories (Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Film, Best Director, etc.), but there are additional nominations, for example, for many years of contribution to cinema, Merit to the American Film Academy or for the creation of film works by students of American theater universities.

Oscar-winning Russian films:

• “Burnt by the Sun” (director Nikita Mikhalkov);
• “Moscow does not believe in tears” (Vladimir Menshov);
• “Dersu Uzala” (Akira Kurosawa);
• “War and Peace” (Sergey Bondarchuk).

In 2016, the long-awaited award was awarded to Leonardo DiCaprio for his acting in the movie "Survivor". Leo was nominated four times before, but the fifth became happy for the actor.

Other winners of the Oscar this year:

• In the movie Mad Max. The Road of Fury ”used costumes of the best design.
• The movie about the financial crisis, “Downgrade” won the nomination with the best adapted scenario.
• The work of the artist of the movie “Mad Max” was recognized as the best in its category.
• Mad Max received the award for best makeup and hairstyles.
• Emmanuel Lubetski, the cameraman of the movie Survivor, became the best cameraman of the year.
• In the film “Mad Max. The Road of Fury ”the best were made: sound editing, film editing, mixing the sound.
• In the movie Out of the Car, the best visual effects were noted.
• The best short film was Bear Story.
• But “Puzzle” has become the best full-length cartoon.
• About singer Amy Winehouse, the best documentary "Amy" was shot.
• The best fiction short film was Zaika.
• “Son of Saul” became the best movie in a foreign language.
• Ennio Morricone once again pleased with the best soundtrack for the movie "Abominable Eight."
• But the song “Writing’s on the Wall” from the movie “007: Spectrum” became the best song.
• Alejandro González Iñárritu, who made the film "Survivor", was recognized as the best director.
• The best actor and supporting actress recognized: Mark Reynolds ("Spy Bridge") and Alicia Vikandera ("Girl from Denmark").
• Bree Larson received her first acting award in the movie Room.
• And the best movie, in the opinion of film academics, was "In the Spotlight".

Russian film awards

• "Nika".
• "Golden Eagle".
• "Bronze Horseman".

Television awards

TEFI Prize is awarded for achievements in the field of television arts in Russia. Emmy is an American television achievement award.

Prizes in the field of contemporary art

Foreign Prizes:

• Marcel Duchelle Prize (France).
• Vincent Prize (Europe).
• Turner Prize (UK).
• Hasselblad Award (Sweden).
• Joan Miro Prize (Catalan Prize).

Russian prizes:

• Prize of Sergey Kurekhin.
• Kandinsky Prize.
• Companion.
• Innovation.

Architectural Prizes

• Pritzker Prize (Russian analogue of the Nobel Prize).
• Crystal Daedalus.
• ArchiP.
• "House of the year."
• The Sergey Kiselyov Prize “Reputation”.
• Bonuses issued to employees for special services.

Employee Bonuses

The prize at work is issued with the aim of stimulating staff, as well as for outstanding achievements in professional activities. The procedure and amount of payment must be prescribed in the employment contract with the employee.

Types of labor bonuses:

1. Systematic bonuses can be paid during the year, for example, for going to work on holidays, for saving electricity during a shift. For the existence of a system of these bonuses, it is necessary to establish the relevant acts included in the annex to the Employment Contract.
2. A labor bonus for the work performed can be accrued once a year (thirteenth salary), once a quarter and once a month. The condition for receiving a labor bonus is the fulfillment of the tasks set by the management. Not so long ago, the practice of introducing a system of penalties for failure to fulfill obligations to management began, for example, 50% of wages are paid for absenteeism, 25% for delay.
3. Seniority allowances can also be paid once a month, once a year and once a quarter and are accrued starting from three years of work in the profession. This period includes maternity leave (if it began after taking office), the time allotted for continuing education courses, years of service in the army. Cash bonus for experience (examples): more than 15 years - 1.3%; from 10 to 15 years - 1.15%, from 5 to 10 years - 1%; from 3 to 5 years - 0.8%; from 1 to 3 years - 0.6%.
4. One-time bonuses are payments accrued for length of service, continuous service, cases of forced termination of work practice (work injury, retirement age).

But for some specialists (for example, workers in the scientific field), calculating the size of the bonus at each stage of the work is rather problematic, therefore, both individual and group performance of the task is evaluated.

Funds can be charged more:

• Workers who have prevented or eliminated an accident at work.
• Workers who overfulfilled the plan.
• Workers who performed urgent or unscheduled work that required a lot of moral and physical strength.
• Workers who have saved financial and material resources of the enterprise.

5. One-time payments are accrued to employees in connection with important events in the life of the employee, enterprise or state.

These include:

• Anniversaries and birthdays of the worker, the industry in which he works, or the enterprise.
• New Year (payout occurs in December).
• Defender of the Fatherland Day (in February).
• March 8 (March).
• Holiday of Spring and Labor (in May).
• Russia Day (June).
• National Unity Day (November).