Among the variety of materials intended for interior wall decoration, the leading position is still occupied by wallpaper. Business in this market segment is very promising, because wallpapers have a lot of advantages, which makes them more attractive to consumers in comparison with other coatings.
Classification
If you decide to create a wallpaper factory, then you first need to decide which specific species you will produce. The basis of the material may be fabric, paper or polymer. Wallpaper is also classified according to moisture resistance as washable, superwashable, moisture resistant and moisture resistant, depending on the type of surface - on relief, smooth, textural, depending on density - on heavy and light. The assortment can be very large.
1. Wallpaper for painting
Now such material is very popular. This is a wallpaper with the absence of a multicolor ornament and deep relief of the coating. They are also called "textured" or "structural." The main feature of the material is that it can be painted with any dispersion paints.
2. Vinyl Wallpaper
Such a coating reliably imitates various natural materials and is durable and water resistant. Therefore, this type of wallpaper is often used for pasting bathrooms, hallways, kitchens, that is, rooms where there is high humidity or frequent wet cleaning is required. However, the material has a drawback - it does not allow air to pass through well. Although modern technology for the production of wallpaper allows you to produce coatings with micropores for ventilation.
The material consists of two layers. The lower — non-woven or paper backing — is coated with a thin layer of polyvinyl chloride, and then an embossing or pattern (or both) is applied to the surface. During the manufacture of wallpaper, they are usually impregnated with a special composition that protects the walls from the formation of fungus and mold.
3. Paper wallpapers
This is the cheapest and easiest to use material. The coating is characterized by breathability, environmental friendliness, and if it is treated with special impregnation, then it is also wear and moisture resistant. The production of paper wallpapers can be multivariate: single-layer or multi-layer coatings, with a smooth surface or embossments and textures.
4. Velor wallpaper
They are made on a paper or non-woven basis, on top of which a fleecy pattern is applied. The decorative properties of such a material are high, but it is afraid of water and is very laborious to maintain. Moisture is able to dissolve the adhesive layer, which will lead to delamination of the coating.
5. Quartz wallpaper
The material consists of a non-woven base and a top layer of quartz (colored sand). This coating is resistant to mechanical damage and abrasion. Also, due to the painted basis after gluing the paintings, the joints are almost invisible, which allows you to create the effect of a uniform coating.
How to organize wallpaper production
Depending on what types of material and in what volume you decide to produce, you will need a different number of production lines. But, as a rule, one or two is enough for a start. The production capacity of one line per year can reach three to four million Euro rolls when working for three hundred days a year for 18 hours a day.It is better to choose English, German, Belgian or Dutch equipment for the production of wallpaper.
Plant equipment
The standard equipment required for the production of paintings includes:
- Storage device. It is necessary for the content of paper, due to it you can change the rolls without stopping the line.
- A device with a rotating template, with which a coating is applied.
- An air conditioning device designed to reduce moisture in the canvas.
- Printing section with intermediate vertical dryers.
- A rotary device that performs the function of turning the canvases to the back side.
- A drying chamber in which the paste is dried, foamed and gelled, subsequently applied to the coating base.
- The calender needed for leveling and embossing, including infrared heating.
- Edging machine designed for trimming edges.
- Packing line. Allows you to pack finished products in shrink film.
A production line with such a composition of equipment will cost from 30 million rubles in the case of the purchase of used devices. In addition to these machines, it is necessary to purchase auxiliary devices, namely, a raw material returner, a mixer, a boiler.
Wallpaper production should be organized in an area of at least 1800 square meters. To service the process of manufacturing the paintings will require staff in the amount of at least 15-18 people.
Stages of work. Create a drawing
Perhaps the most important unit of the plant is the design center, where various designs are developed, which then appear on the wallpaper. The artist prints a new print on paper, and then assigns it a numerical code or a specific name. The finished sketch is discussed by experts and, if approved, is handed over to software engineers.
Those, in turn, modify the image and bring it into line with the requirements of state standards. Then the picture goes to the colorists involved in the selection of the color palette. Wallpaper production begins when the image is fully formed.
Raw materials
Raw materials for wallpaper production must comply with the technical conditions. It is supplied in rolls whose width is 620 or 550 millimeters. Limit deviations of not more than two millimeters are allowed. When manufactured to order, the width of the rolls may be different. The diameter is usually 700-900 millimeters.
Paper is made from bleached hardwood or softwood pulp. It should have the same thickness, uniform and dense winding, a clean and even cut of edges from the ends. The presence of strips, folds, tears, spots on the surface is not allowed. As a rule, raw materials from foreign manufacturers are used to make expensive wallpapers (one ton of paper costs an average of 30 thousand rubles), and budget coatings are made from domestic materials. Also, the list of necessary raw materials includes paints, polymer pastes, varnishes.
Print picture
First, press roll shafts are installed on the equipment, in other words, printing plates. Rolls of paper are also placed there. Each shaft is dipped in its own paint and prints its own color. Wallpaper production is controlled by both computer and printers.
You can not mix paints, otherwise the image will simply float. If technology provides, foam is also applied to the paper base. Then the canvas is dried under high temperature. As a result of this, foaming of the paint occurs and a relief is formed. Often the wallpaper is also covered with a waterproof composition, then a washable cloth is obtained. The relief pattern is attached to the cramped knot.
After all these measures, the material is delivered to a special workshop where the gluing of individual paintings takes place. Then the wallpaper samples are sent to the quality control department.The canvas is tested for strength, abrasion resistance and so on. The tested material is dried, rolled up, packaged and sent to the warehouse.
Is such a business profitable?
Without a doubt, wallpaper production is an expensive and large-scale event. Therefore, many entrepreneurs who intend to engage in such activities are concerned about the question of whether their investments will pay off. This question cannot be answered unequivocally, because it is rather difficult to assess the prospects in this matter for several years ahead. The wallpaper market is unstable - periods of growth in consumer demand are replaced by periods of decline.
But in general, it is predicted that the demand for wallpaper will increase. People still prefer traditional finishes to more expensive options. Thus, this market segment is still promising for investment. The product will be in even greater demand if you offer products of good quality and original design at competitive prices.
Speaking of design!
Now wallpaper of domestic production is significantly inferior to foreign materials precisely due to the limited color scheme and uniform design. Therefore, if you want to sell your product at a price higher than average, think about how to diversify the collections produced. Experienced and qualified designers will help you with this.
Product Markets
The finished product marketing system also needs to be thought out in advance. First of all, focus on industrialized regions and large cities. You can rent finished wallpapers for sale to building materials stores or construction rows in the markets, or you can create your own points of sale. Of course, the organization of an advertising campaign will be required. Advertising in newspapers, on television and in transport gives the best effect.
Finally
So, now you know what production of wallpaper means by yourself, and also have an idea of the composition of the equipment necessary for the manufacture of such finishing materials. If you decide to seriously take this niche in the market, you will need to find reliable suppliers of high-quality raw materials and thoroughly study the production technology. With the right approach, a business will certainly be profitable. Good luck in your endeavors!
