Any type of activity requires the development of a special project, on the basis of which it will be built. In today's article, we propose to study the business plan for the production of plastic bags. Polyethylene products have long and firmly entered our lives. Let us consider in detail how and what to pay attention to when drafting this type of activity.
general information
Today, polyethylene products are used everywhere: in shops, supermarkets, for gift wrapping and food storage. There are even special garbage bags that have come into use by almost all housewives. The days when rag bags were in use and cellophane bags were carefully folded and stored were long gone.
Currently, the plastic bag fulfills its intended purpose - it is a disposable tool for convenient transportation of the product and its packaging. This means that the demand for this product will be stable for many years to come, with no tendency to decline.
When choosing bag production as a business, you need to understand that, in addition to the obvious functions, the product has become a means of advertising. Almost every large company, boutique or supermarket offers its customers a branded package with the company logo on it, contact details and a list of services. This method is considered effective and mobile advertising.
Demand for products and market
Statistics show that the domestic market has a lot of unfilled niches. 20% of the supply of polyethylene products falls on foreign countries. The main competitors are Turkey and China. Their goods have a very low price and often the same quality.
Unsoldered seams, tearing off handles and falling out bottoms are just a small part of the defects that buyers of similar products encounter. Unfortunately, price is a decisive factor for our consumer, therefore, the demand for goods from foreign manufacturers does not weaken.
But it is worth making a reservation: this applies only to direct wholesale deliveries of finished products. It is more profitable to work under the order, having concluded contracts for the supply of packaging material and finished products for various trading, construction, and manufacturing enterprises. In this case, we can count on the fact that the “company image” rule will work. After all, not a single large and self-respecting company will offer the customer goods in poor packaging.
Polyethylene products are required in any region. Even if a large plant is already operating in your city, small and medium-sized businesses will be able to freely find their niche by analyzing the offers of competitors. There are a large number of varieties of plastic bags:
- gift bags;
- T-shirt packages;
- packages "bananas";
- garbage bags;
- advertising packaging with a logo;
- multi-layer, single-layer bags, etc.
At this stage, the main task of the entrepreneur is to identify products with the highest demand or to search for a niche that is not covered by competitors.
Strategy
Developing a business plan for the production of plastic bags, you can use one of the ways to develop business:
- build a full cycle (which begins with the manufacture of the film);
- establish partial production (finished film is purchased).
We suggest considering the full cycle option as the most promising type of activity. Capital investments on it will require significantly more, but the final profit will also increase noticeably. In addition, sales opportunities will increase, and the variety of products will increase. A full-cycle enterprise will be able to become a film supplier for companies operating on ready-made polyethylene.
The film is used as a universal packaging material. It is enough to recall in which plastic bottles with mineral water, beer or juice are transported. Also, polyethylene is used for construction waterproofing, for protection against dirt and dust during repair work. In addition, the finished film is a good material for covering greenhouses, hotbeds and for other needs of the agricultural sector.
Business design
When registering an enterprise for the production of polyethylene products, the correct OKVED codes should be indicated. These are 25.2, 25.22 and 51.47. In order to start the workshop, you will need:
- permission from the local administration;
- certificates from SES and environmental services;
- permission of fire protection and energy supervision;
- certificate of production.
Depending on the planned output volumes, you can register as an individual entrepreneur or as a limited liability company.
Room
When developing a business plan for the production of plastic bags, you should be aware that film production is an environmentally harmful activity, so you need to pay special attention to the requirements for the choice of premises:
- the workshop or plant should be located in a suburban (non-residential) or industrial zone;
- mandatory presence of exhaust and supply ventilation, humidity control in the workshop and in the warehouse, heating;
- there must be an electrical connection for 3 phases, grounding of the batteries;
- interior wall decoration should be made of non-combustible materials;
- ceiling height - not less than 8 meters;
- equipment for the production of bags, an extruder, as well as the organization of jobs should comply with GOST.
Equipment
For the manufacture of a film with the further formation of plastic bags from it, it is necessary to purchase a production line, which consists of the following equipment:
- extruder - a device that converts granules of raw materials into a film by blowing from the bottom up;
- flexo printing machine designed for applying logos, drawings and other images;
- bag making machine (multifunctional), which allows producing packages of various modifications, including garbage bags, bags with a double bottom seam, etc.
The approximate cost of the production line is 3 million 840 thousand rubles. Price includes delivery, configuration and staff training. In addition to machine tools, the purchase of office, warehouse and exhibition equipment (racks, tables, stands) is necessary. The purchase of additional devices will cost 60-70 thousand rubles.
Bag Production Technology
- Polymer granules (raw materials) are loaded into a special hopper of the extruder and collected by a feeding screw. The temperature inside ranges from 180 to 240 degrees. As they move, the granules soften and melt into a homogeneous mass. During the extrusion, a film is formed in the form of a pipe or, as it is commonly called, sleeves. On one extruder, you can make a film of various widths and thicknesses, only by changing the settings.
- The polyethylene sleeve gradually cools and rolls out with rollers.
- It is cut with a special automatic knife so that two identical canvases of the required width are formed.
- The rewinder reels the finished film into rolls. When the width of the latter reaches the set size, the operator removes the roll. The winding process is repeated anew.
- The next step is drawing a picture. The paint of the desired color is diluted with alcohol. It is constantly mixed so that viscosity is not lost.
- Through the dispenser, the dye enters the dye rollers that print the pattern. After painting, the film is rewound again.
- Next, the bag making machine cuts the finished roll as needed. A template for the future product is formed and the bottom fold is highlighted.
- The branding press makes holes for the pens (or cuts out the T-shirt).
- The welding surface seals the edge by heating to 180 degrees. Finished products are formed into packs of 100 (1000) pieces.
- At the final stage, quality control passes, which involves checking the fasteners of the fastener and the weld joints.
Similarly, the production of bags for construction waste is carried out. The difference is that there is no need to cut holes for the handles.
Financial business plan for the production of plastic bags
The cost of manufacturing the package is calculated for each order. The price depends not only on the raw materials (granules) used, but also on a number of additional factors:
- size, shape and design;
- film density;
- the presence of a bottom fold and a reinforced handle;
- color printing (number of shades, the area of the picture, etc.).
For an approximate calculation of the payback of a project, we take the production of a white opaque bag 40 * 60 cm, 16 microns thick, with a punching handle. Its prime cost will be about 13 kopecks, and the wholesale price will be 70. The production line is capable of producing about 70 pcs / min. Profit per shift and 22 working days will be approximately 421 thousand rubles.
Costs (in thousand rubles):
- workshop rental - 45;
- electricity - 8;
- utilities - 12;
- salary - 128;
- taxes - 35.
Total expenses - 228 thousand rubles. It turns out that net profit is 193 thousand rubles.
Profitability
Initial investments: purchase of equipment 3 million 840 thousand rubles. + add. appliances 60 thousand rubles. + costs of opening a company and obtaining permits 30 thousand rubles.
Total: 3 million 930 thousand rubles.
With a profit of 193 thousand rubles a month, the initial investment will pay off in about 21-22 months.
