All enterprises in the Russian Federation, regardless of the field of activity and legal form, must keep free financial resources in banking institutions. This provides the opportunity to exercise control over the cash flow of companies. When working with cash, all enterprises are required to maintain cash discipline. Consider further what it represents. 
Current order
Starting June 1, 2014, a new accounting of operations was established, the rules by which cash discipline should be observed. What it is? Explanations are given in the Regulation of the Central Bank No. 373-P. In accordance with it, it is necessary to establish and calculate a limit on the cash balance. The new order provides for the former forms of expenditure and receipt orders. For small businesses, the non-use of the cash balance limit acts as the only change in cash discipline. Otherwise, they must comply with all the rules applicable to legal entities. The forms of cash documents remained the same. At the same time, it was supposed to remove part of the details (corresponding accounts), but they remained on the forms.
Normative base
Cash discipline - what is it? It represents the correct and timely execution of expenditure and receipt documents, the absence of exceeding the limit and restrictions on in cash. On the basis of Federal Law No. 86, a Decree was adopted establishing the procedure for operations with Bank of Russia coins and banknotes in the Russian Federation by legal entities, except for the Central Bank, credit institutions, as well as a simplified scheme for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses.
Regulations for legal entities
Cash discipline for legal entities involves the establishment of the maximum allowable amount of cash. This is done through appropriate administrative document. The established amount may be located at the place of operations selected by the manager after the cash balance is withdrawn in the cash register at the end of the day. The legal entity independently determines the limit in accordance with the Appendix to the Directive, in accordance with the nature of its activities and taking into account the volume of cash disbursements or receipts.
Legal Entity
He also has a procedure in accordance with which cash discipline must be respected. The legal entity's unit that transfers cash to a bank account, the limit is set taking into account the balances specifically provided for it. A copy of the order about it is sent to the location of the department in accordance with the procedure established at the enterprise. 
Accumulation of funds over the limit
Cash discipline allows the storage of free money on the days of salary, payments, scholarships included in the payroll and social security contributions, according to the methodology defined for filling out state (federal) statistical monitoring forms, including the day the bank issued the funds for the indicated needs. Accumulation of funds in excess of the limit is allowed on weekends and holidays, if the legal entity carries out operations. In other cases, exceeding the limit will act as a violation of cash discipline. Small businesses and individual entrepreneurs may not set limits on the balance.
Actions of an authorized representative of a legal entity
Cash discipline involves the delivery of cash to a bank with an organization account, or to an institution that is part of the Bank of Russia system and carries out transportation, collection of cash, counting, receiving, sorting, packing and generating money. This operation is carried out by the responsible person appointed by the head of the enterprise. An authorized person of a separate subdivision has the right to transfer cash directly to the cashier or to the bank where the company account is open, in the manner established by the legal entity. 
Cash operations
They are carried out by a cashier or other employee appointed by the head of the legal entity, individual entrepreneur or other authorized employee from the staff of their employees. At the same time, corresponding official duties and rights are established for him. The head of the enterprise should familiarize the responsible person with the instructions for the signature of the latter. If the company has several cashiers, one of them is appointed to the position of senior. Operations can also be performed directly by the manager. It is allowed to carry out cash activities using PTK. Software and hardware systems, the design of which includes a banknote reception mechanism, must be equipped with a recognition function for at least 4 machine-readable security signs of Russian banknotes, the list of which is established by the relevant regulatory act. 
A responsibility
Cash transactions must be executed by credit and debit orders. Failure to discipline is considered an administrative offense in the field of finance. Responsibility measures are established in Art. 151 Code of Administrative Offenses. In accordance with its provisions, the punishment is provided for the following financial crimes:
- Carrying out cash settlements with other legal entities in excess of the established values.
- Partial or complete non-receipt of money at the cash desk.
- Exceeding the limit.
When detecting such violations, an administrative fine is imposed. Its size for an official is 4-5 thousand rubles, for an enterprise - 40-50 thousand rubles. 
Cash discipline verification
Reporting is monitored every two years by the banking organization in which the legal entity account is opened. Any three months of operation can be checked selectively. The bank evaluates the correctness of the mathematical, financial account. Verification does not apply waybills and other things. Basically, a banking organization is interested in:
- Is the cash limit exceeded.
- Cash register and papers confirming the entries made in it. Such documents include X and Z-reports, checks, expense and receipt orders, and more.
After verification, the bank will draw up a certificate. It is often enough required by the tax inspectorate in the course of its supervisory activities. If the latter finds that the bank’s comments have not been taken into account and the deficiencies have not been corrected, the company may be fined. 
Important point
It should be remembered that a banking organization acts as the same business entity as the legal entity itself. At the same time, the institution where the account of the latter is open acts as a partner for him. This status nonetheless allows the bank to verify the correctness of cash transactions. This procedure is not considered direct supervision. The bank does not have the authority to hold the company accountable. The organization is only entitled to recommend certain corrections.
Audit report
At the inspection site, a primary document is first drawn up. It indicates everything related to the inspection of the workplace, the removal of the report from the CCP. The act shall record whether a check has been issued, whether the necessary details are present on it, whether there is a seal, and so on. After that, the inspector invites an entrepreneur with papers that are of interest to the first. After checking them, the second act is drawn up.On its basis a penalty may be imposed, a warning may be issued. If the audit did not reveal violations, then the entrepreneur can safely continue the activity.
