Innovative technologies are means and methods intended for the consistent implementation of innovations. In other words, innovation is the engine of progress. Not a single reform or an important production solution can do without them, because unique ideas and modified equipment are needed to bring a new idea to life. It is especially important to introduce modern systems during the period of economic growth, when enterprises expand production and need high-quality equipment.
Today, the introduction of innovation is widespread in the field of heavy industry, and in the field of goods and services. The latter is popular among all segments of the population: the demand for commonly used goods is stable, and for services it is constantly growing. Thus, innovative technologies in construction - an area relevant at all times - play one of the leading roles in the entire economic field.
Building Innovation
Modern construction technologies are actively developing and pursuing certain goals and objectives. These include resource saving, environmental friendliness, external compliance with the time interval, durability and many others. They determine the quality of the created product and increase the prestige of the customer. In addition to the above, there is another, no less important factor, which helps to introduce innovative technologies. In construction, this is an increase in the speed of construction.
What is needed for construction?
No type of construction can exist without building materials. They come in several forms:
- Binders - gypsum, cement, lime.
- Building envelope - panels and blocks of various materials.
- Finishing materials.
- Waterproofing and roofing, which are based on polymer or bitumen binders.
- Sealing - mastics, plaits, gaskets for better insulation.
- Concrete aggregates of natural and artificial origin.
- Sanitary products from metals, asbestos cement, reinforced concrete, etc.
Innovative technologies in construction or building materials are used as widely as in other scientific fields. So, for example, a new material was created - fiber cement, which allows you to make facade slabs large-sized and self-cleaning. In addition, the walls of this material will warm the room and create a relief surface, thereby ensuring a modern appearance.
Types of construction work
It is impossible to define construction as the performance of specific types of work. This concept is widespread and includes various activities - from drilling wells to the construction of residential buildings. Each region is in demand and is developing everywhere, which is pushing manufacturers to create more and more new technologies.
Private houses and low-rise construction
Low-rise buildings are houses 1-2 floors high. Most often, such structures are erected for their own needs - such a house is called a cottage, cottage or just suburban real estate. The popularity of such buildings is increasing every year more and more: urban residents get tired of the constant noise and seek silence and solitude.However, this does not mean that the house does not have to be comfortable, therefore innovative technologies in the construction of private houses are just in time.
The main purpose of the construction of a private residential building is the comfort and well-being of the owners. Innovative building materials can provide it. The choice in this area is practically unlimited: there are many types of unique materials from which blocks with completely new qualities are created. Many of them are lightweight, so that now a person can build a house without resorting to outside help.
Varieties of concrete blocks
Innovative technologies in low-rise construction reached certain heights, and old concrete slabs faded into the background. There are two types of concrete blocks:
- Foam concrete is made by mixing mortar and foaming agent. The result is a light and inexpensive material that provides good thermal insulation and allows the walls to "breathe."
- Aerated concrete has the same composition, but with the addition of quartz sand. Thus, the strength of the material is significantly superior to concrete blocks produced by outdated technology.
Both are of high quality and easy to use, therefore they play a leading role in the construction services market.
Innovative technologies in the construction of houses should provide energy saving and sound insulation, the ability to quickly erect a building, low weight of the structure and a comfortable microclimate inside. Reducing construction costs and environmental safety play an important role in the implementation of innovations, because it is these qualities that distinguish modern technologies from previous ones.
Road construction
Road construction in any state is a matter of strategic importance. The quality of the canvas can be judged on the security and responsibility of the local administration. In addition, reducing costs eliminates further costs for the maintenance and reconstruction of the broken road. Innovative technologies in road construction are really important: they improve the quality of the canvas and reduce its cost.
The government has long been trying to solve at least one of two Russian problems. Roads began to be built according to the methods of more developed states in this regard. However, unstable weather conditions and operating peculiarities bring foreign developments to nothing. This fact has two meanings: on the one hand, the impossibility of applying foreign principles entails unnecessary expenses for studying technologies and specialists. On the other hand, this pushes Russian scientists to create their own technologies, and therefore, to introduce innovations.
Stages of road construction
All roads consist of pavement and roadbed. The latter is the basis for new layers that are superimposed on top. Pavement is a multilayer structure consisting of a coating - a strong top layer, and a base - the bearing part of the road, which is made up of layers of stone material or processed soil.
Subgrade
One of the main reasons for the poor quality of the road is the unreliability of its foundation - the subgrade. In order to provide long-term service of the route, it must have high bearing capacity. Otherwise, pits and other serious damage cannot be avoided. Innovative technologies in the construction of the subgrade are aimed at increasing the speed of the process and the durability of the result, as well as eliminating factors that negatively affect the quality of construction.
There are many innovative materials that provide the subgrade with all the qualities of an ideal base for the future road. An example of a modification is the development of a unique geo-shell.It is made from soil, which have chemical resistance and environmental safety. In addition, the soil is not affected by the biological factor, which means that the destructive effect of microorganisms does not work.
Geo-envelope is a vivid example of how the quality of the final product can change innovative materials. Flexible base prevents subsidence. Three-dimensional geometric shape provides optimum humidity. The ability of drainage, the uniform distribution of large loads and resistance to soil shifts cast doubt on the reliability of the modification, and its use no longer raises questions.
Features of the construction of roads
The subgrade is universal: it is used both in the construction of railways and in the construction of an ordinary rural road. Specialized road complexes are erected according to a special algorithm. Innovative technologies in the construction of roads play an important role: they reduce the costs of both the process of erecting the building and its future operation.
Innovations in the construction of roads
The development of innovation is carried out by scientists and engineers. Today, there are many new technologies that have already found wide application in the construction of roads throughout the country. These include the technology of foaming bitumen during the manufacture of asphalt mixtures. Especially for these purposes, tarmacs or asphalt distributors with an agitator built into the body are introduced into the familiar set of equipment.
The devices of wear layers using new technologies and cationic bitumen emulsions can extend the term of high-quality operation of roads by one and a half times. Technical equipment such as advanced pavers, asphalt spreaders and compactors simplifies the process of paving asphalt, thereby saving on payments to workers, inefficient materials and costs associated with the rapidly deteriorating unsuitability of the road complex.
Innovative technologies for the design and construction of roads significantly increase the quality of road works and push scientists to create modified building materials. The movement towards the ideals of Western production gives hope that someday Russia will also be able to boast of high-quality roads.
Innovative technologies in construction: benefit or harm?
The opinions of knowledgeable people differ on this score. Some argue that the costs of developing, commissioning and training workers in new construction principles do not justify the end result. In addition, innovative technologies require a long and thorough check on the quality, usability and subtleties of operation. It takes time. There is some truth in the words of skeptics: the costs of designing modifications and comprehensive study of them do exist, but they are insignificant compared to the benefits that the state receives, saving on the monthly repair of a broken road.
The importance of introducing innovative technologies in construction is great. They significantly reduce the cost and time of erection, increase the service life of the structure, and ensure external time compliance. Modified materials intended for the construction of houses improve the quality of life of owners. All innovative technologies are developed taking into account the negative impact of external factors; they become environmentally friendly and safe.
Is innovation the engine of progress?
Innovative technologies in construction have become widespread due to the growing demand for real estate. Both private and state enterprises strive to improve the quality of facilities in order to increase their prestige in the eyes of society.At the state level, it should rise in the eyes of other countries - this is necessary for competent relations with representatives of foreign countries. For an ordinary person, society can be friends, acquaintances, or just passers-by who have stopped to properly consider an architectural masterpiece.
Innovative technologies in construction or building materials are needed not only to move science forward and improve the quality of buildings, but also to increase the pace of social development, because modern technical equipment is an important characteristic of progress.
