Such a procedure as obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation is relevant for those people who have decided to live in the CIS. Naturally, they have questions regarding exactly how to solve a similar problem. This article will examine the various facets of this issue.
General scheme
So, to understand how to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation, it is worth starting with the most logical actions. Possible alternatives will be considered later. There are several conditions under which there is every chance of becoming a happy owner of a Russian passport.
First of all, this perspective is relevant for those who are over 18 years old. The next prerequisite is residence for 5 years in the territory of the Russian Federation. The countdown is from the moment the residence permit was received. Persons without citizenship of the Russian Federation can count on faster processing of documents, but only if they are of any interest to the state. This can be a significant contribution to the science or culture of a power.
Other conditions, without which such a process is unlikely to start, include the availability of stable earnings, compliance with applicable laws and, of course, filing an application with the appropriate authority.
For whom the simplified procedure is relevant
There are certain groups of people who, according to the law of the Russian Federation, have the right to use a simplified scheme for obtaining Russian citizenship. These are the following categories:
- those who have a minor child who is a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- students who graduated from Russian universities since 2002 and who lived in neighboring republics;
- those who were born in the former RSFSR, as well as people who had citizenship of the USSR;
- this scheme is relevant for everyone who is not able-bodied, but has children - citizens of the Russian Federation who are able to work;
- former military men who have served in the Russian troops for at least three years;
- simplified citizenship of the Russian Federation can be obtained by those who have refugee status or have requested political asylum;
- foreigners married to citizens of Russia and living more than three years in the country;
- persons having two or one parent with Russian citizenship;
- persons who were at one time citizens of the USSR and living in the territory of neighboring republics.
As you can see, the issue of citizenship of the Russian Federation, using a simplified scheme, can solve a variety of categories of people.
Process in detail
A complete picture of the actions leading to the possession of a Russian passport is a consistent and logical process. It consists of the following steps:
- The candidate enters the country and receives an immigration card, in which there is a corresponding mark on the visit to the Russian Federation.
- Check-in It is about filing a notice to the Federal Tax Service about the fact of his entry into the country.
- The process of registration of the RVP. This is another action worthy of attention in the framework of the topic "How to obtain Russian citizenship." In this case, this refers to a temporary residence permit. It is with his help that foreigners can confirm their right to stay in Russia for a considerable period of time. The maximum term of RWP, for which it makes sense to count, is 3 years. As for the extension of this permit, the legislation does not provide for such actions.
- Registration of residence at the place of registration of the person who submitted the application for RVP.This process should take place simultaneously with the previous action.
- Registration of residence permit. A residence permit is simply necessary for those foreigners who intend to enjoy a calm and legal stay in the country. Moreover, this gives such a tangible advantage as the right to employment in any Russian company without the need to obtain a permit. Moreover, with such a status, you can easily leave the country and return to the Russian Federation. At the same time, there is every reason to expect an old-age pension. An application for a residence permit must be submitted to the local branch of the Federal Tax Service with the accompanying documents.
- Obtaining the status of a citizen. If we talk about people who previously lived in other countries, then they need to prove the fact of fluency in the Russian language, stable legal income and payment of state duties. The last thing to do is to renounce your previous citizenship. To fulfill all these points is extremely important. Documents for citizenship of the Russian Federation must be submitted, as in previous cases, to the FMS office at the place of registration.
The state duty itself is paid at each of the official stages described above:
- 1000 rubles will be needed to get RVP;
- issuance of a residence permit occurs after payment of 2000 rubles;
- an application for citizenship is also accompanied by a payment of 2,000 rubles.
What documents for citizenship of the Russian Federation must be provided
So, the need to provide the necessary documentation was repeatedly mentioned above. And, of course, questions may arise regarding which papers need to be collected and submitted to the Federal Tax Service.
If we talk about obtaining citizenship in a general manner, then here is the current list:
- Residence permit;
- passport, provided that the remaining validity period exceeds 6 months and the stamp “temporary residence” (notarized translated copy) is present;
- application corresponding to the established model (2 pcs.);
- birth certificate with a notarized copy;
- certificate of marriage and a notarized copy, but only if there was a fact of a change of surname;
- pensioner's ID and a translation certified by a notary public;
- if the application for Russian citizenship is submitted in the name of a child of 14 years old, then his consent will be required;
- in the case of children under 14, the consent of both parents is required;
- copy of personal account and extract from the house book;
- a document confirming the successful passing of the exam in the Russian language;
- translated and certified education documentation;
- two copies of the official refusal of current citizenship, which is sent to the representative office of the applicant’s home country by mail, and the postal receipt and a certified copy are attached to the rest of the documents;
- confirmation of payment of state duty.
In the presence of all the papers described above, there is every reason to hope that it will be possible to obtain Russian citizenship, a passport and the ability to live freely on the territory of Russia.
What you need to get RVP
In this case, you will also have to get involved in the process of collecting the necessary papers. The first thing you need is a passport of a citizen of the country in which the applicant lived, as well as a migration card with a note that he officially arrived in Russia. Do not forget about the photos, they will need to be made 4 pcs. If there are children, then 2 for each of them. It is important to take pictures without a hat, glasses and order a size of 3.5x4.5 cm.
Another necessary document for obtaining RVP is a medical certificate confirming that the applicant does not have any diseases dangerous to other citizens. On average, it takes 4 weeks to get such a certificate. All documents must also be provided for children. You will also have to pay a state fee of 1000 rubles and provide documentary evidence.
Without this stage, there is no reason to rely on Russian citizenship. A residence permit also will not work without a RVP.The only ones for whom this requirement is not relevant are the residents of Belarus. As for the time limit for consideration of the petition, it is limited to two months. If the decision turns out to be positive, the applicant will need to personally pay a visit to the FMS in order to receive an RVP.
What you need to know about quotas
Anyone who is interested in the topic of Russian citizenship should understand that each region of the country has its own quota for obtaining RVP. That is, the number of candidates who will be answered positively is initially limited. For example, the maximum number of applicants for Moscow is limited to 2,000.
At the same time, there are certain categories that may consider the topic: “How to obtain Russian citizenship”, without being distracted by any quotas. Here's to whom this is relevant:
- those who are married to a citizen of Russia;
- people serving military service in the Russian army;
- applicants with investor status;
- everyone who was born in the USSR;
- those who participate in the program "Compatriots";
- quotas do not apply to those wishing to obtain citizenship in which both the father and mother are disabled (in this case, one of the parents must be a citizen of the Russian Federation);
- the next category is incompetent parents whose children are citizens of the Russian Federation (one is enough).
Documents for residence permit
You should start by writing a statement in accordance with the established form in two copies. You will also need 4 photographs, the obtained RVP, a passport and a document that can confirm that the applicant has enough money for a full stay. This can be a bank statement, data from the employer or a pension certificate.
Returning to the topic of the statement, it is worth noting that the presence of any corrections is excluded, and the information contained in it should be complete in Russian.
And the last thing you need to obtain a residence permit is a document confirming the fact of renting a house or owning real estate, as well as a medical certificate and a certificate on payment of state duty (2000 rubles).
Important Nuances
There are certain exceptions and adjustments in the process of obtaining citizenship, which depend on who exactly applies. For example, those who live in Belarus do not need to spend time getting RVPs, they can immediately pay attention to issues related to a residence permit.
Residents of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan do not have such a privilege, but at the stage of obtaining citizenship certain benefits are available to them.
Citizens of the three states mentioned above also do not need to confirm their fluency in the Russian language, but only under one of the following conditions:
- Russian is the state language of their country;
- the applicant’s age in the case of men exceeds 65 years; for women, the figure of 60 is relevant.
But outside of these correspondences, you will have to pass a test, which, by the way, is paid. Understanding how to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation, it is worth considering the fact that in each specific situation the list of relevant documents may vary somewhat.
And it is important to remember a simple principle: all documents issued to the applicant at his former place of residence in a foreign language must have a notarized translation.
How should citizens of Ukraine act
Initially, it is worth noting that a simplified system for obtaining citizenship is used for residents of this neighboring state of Russia. This opportunity is especially relevant for those who have refugee status from the eastern part of Ukraine.
Important is the fact that it is not necessary to renounce previous citizenship. The rest will have to follow the standard scheme - to submit an application and documents, which implies a simplified system.
You need to understand that the need to obtain a RVP and a residence permit in this case is not canceled.At the same time, citizenship for Ukrainians implies certain benefits at various stages of processing the necessary documentation.
First of all, this is the issue of a residence permit out of quotas. To do this, you must have the status of a person in need of temporary asylum, or refugee. You can also become part of the program "Compatriots" or register the status of a native speaker.
Privileges are expressed even in extremely short terms of consideration of applications and in cancellation of the 5-year threshold of residence in the territory of the Russian Federation.
As for the last stage in this process, namely, obtaining a passport, here everything happens according to the standard scheme. It is necessary to contact the local branch of the FMS with a statement on the issuance of this document. The set of papers that must be provided is reduced to an identity card, birth certificate and marriage. If there are children, then the birth certificate of the children.
As a result, you will have to wait 10 to 30 days, after which it will be possible to pick up a new passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Dual citizenship in Russia
A similar fact is possible, but only in a few exceptional cases.
So, the first and most important principle in this situation is as follows: you can have two legal passports in Russia if an appropriate international agreement or agreement has been concluded between the Russian Federation and another state, allowing to resolve the issue of another citizenship.
At the same time, neither rights nor freedom are infringed, and the person feels himself a full-fledged Russian. But also do not forget that you will have to take on the relevant responsibilities, which are described in the legislation of the Russian Federation.
But here is the peculiarity of this scheme, at the moment there are only two countries with which such agreements have been concluded. These are Turkmenistan and Tajikistan (international treaty). From this it is not difficult to conclude that not everyone can count on dual citizenship in Russia.
There is another legislative aspect that deserves attention. Despite the stringent restrictions described above, every resident of Russia has the opportunity to receive second citizenship. And although it seems that there is no difference between the two concepts, in fact, the differences are more than tangible.
Outside the framework of international treaties and agreements, there is an opportunity to obtain a second citizenship of any country and at the same time remain a full-fledged resident of the Russian Federation. There will be no restrictions, infringements and strict conditions. Moreover, the number of foreign passports in this case is not limited. The main thing is that a person was originally a citizen of the Russian Federation. That is, the first passport received by him must be a Russian document.
It is worth remembering that there is the possibility of restoring citizenship. It is relevant for those who previously had a Russian passport and lived in the country for at least 3 years. In this case, you can use the algorithm of actions that was described above: a statement with the attached documents.
Conclusion
Obtaining Russian citizenship, as you can see, is not a difficult task, but some efforts will be required. If all the conditions are met and the process is not neglected, then within a short period of time after obtaining Russian citizenship, you can become the owner of a Russian passport.
