Fasteners for various purposes will always be in demand both in the construction business and for private use. A wide range of applications makes it possible to develop numerous markets. But first of all, it is necessary to purchase equipment for the production of hardware. The assortment of products, their quality and output volumes will depend on its technical parameters.
Product selection
The production of hardware in Russia has a long history. The first plants appeared under Peter I in the Urals. Currently, there are a number of large enterprises producing these products in large volumes. But even their capacities are not enough to saturate the market.
The hardware group includes a rather large assortment of products. These include fasteners of various configurations (nails, screws, screws, nuts, studs, etc.) and industrial products (ropes, staples). For production with a small volume, it is advisable at the first stage to make a minimum list of products. Then, after the advent of free cash, we can think about expanding and purchasing new machines.
It is best if the list of products is universal, that is, it will be characterized by constant demand from private buyers and organizations. Most often it includes the following product groups:
- Fixing materials - self-tapping screws, screws, nails, screws, rivets.
- Gasket products - washers, staples.
Having chosen the optimal list of future products, you can begin to analyze the market for machine tools for their production.
Rules for the selection of equipment
When selecting machines, it is necessary to take into account their productivity, the complexity of manufacturing processes and operational characteristics. In addition, the raw material has a direct effect on equipment parameters. In the vast majority of cases, machine tools for the production of hardware are designed for the processing of rolled steel made of metal of various alloys.
For the minimum configuration of the line, the following types of equipment will be required:
- Unwinding machine. Designed for cutting wire into workpieces.
- Cold heading machine. With its help, the desired shape of the product is obtained by the rental method.
- Thread rolling equipment. It is necessary for drawing threaded lines on the surface of the processed material.
Then the hardware products go through the hardening stage, after which they are packed and sent to the finished goods warehouse.
Cold heading press
Equipment for the production of hardware must include a machine for calibrating wire. The diameter of the workpieces can vary from 2 to 8 mm.
The principle of operation of the machine is integrated wire processing. After supplying cold rolled it is given the desired shape. The ability to manufacture hardware of various shapes is provided by removable nozzles for presses. They are easily replaced by other models, which makes it possible to organize the uninterrupted production of products of almost any configuration.
When choosing, you should pay attention to the performance of the equipment, its technical characteristics - electricity consumption, the number of staff.
Thread rolling machine
Next, the product enters the thread rolling machine. This equipment for the production of hardware forms a thread on the surface of the material by cold rolling. Depending on the settings, it has a different application step, depth and location on the workpiece.
Simultaneously with this process, an additional strengthening of the hardware takes place. Mechanical pressure on the surface strengthens its structure, improving operational properties. Some types of products require additional heat treatment - hardening. First, their surface is heated to a certain temperature, and then cooled in a cold oil solution. As a result of this, the strength of the hardware increases, but at the same time its fragility increases.
Turning and milling machine
Some types of products require a deeper degree of machining than knurling. For these purposes, special equipment is used for the production of hardware with milling elements.
It is characterized by the number of operations performed, the speed of their implementation and the possibility of modification for the manufacture of various types of products. To optimize the production process, the multi-axis processing method is used. It consists in the simultaneous action of several types of cutters on the surface of the product. As a result, the efficiency of the entire line increases significantly.
The price of equipment for the production of hardware depends on its functionality. And also on effectiveness. For example, a cold head press with a maximum output of up to 160 units / min will cost from 560 thousand rubles. The cost of acquiring a fully equipped line may be about 3.5 million rubles.
There are currently several major manufacturers of such equipment. But this does not mean that all types of machines need to be purchased from only one supplier. The main indicator of any element of production is its profitability and optimal operating conditions.
