The prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation is a set of bodies engaged in the supervision of compliance with applicable laws. All of them are called upon to strengthen the rule of law and equality. Also, carrying out the basic functions of the prosecutor's office, regulated by law, these institutions ensure the observance of human rights, protect public and state interests.
System
The system of prosecution authorities includes several institutions. Their list is given below.
- Prosecutor General of Russia.
- The prosecution authorities of the subjects (urban, district).
- Institutions of a scientific and educational nature.
- Other special bodies and military prosecutors.
- The Investigative Committee, which includes the presence of specialized departments.
Work principles
The prosecutor's office in its activities is guided by the basic principles. What it is? The principles of the prosecutor's office are a fundamental principle that determines the main parties, signs and existing conditions for bodies to regulate their activities. Let's consider them in more detail.
- Rule of law is the dominant fundamental principle. It provides activities and organization of work of committees of the prosecutor's office. Everything is based on compliance with the law.
- Centralization principle responsible for the unity of the system of institutions and prosecution authorities. It also ensures their hierarchy in relation to each other.
- Independence principle It consists in the fact that the decision-making and the execution of actions by employees are based on their own convictions, and they are guided in their activities by regulatory legal acts. Influence on the prosecution authorities in relation to their work and its result entails liability established by law.
- The principle of publicity or openness ensures the availability of information for ordinary citizens and the means through which it enters the masses. It should be implemented in such a way that it does not contradict the law and does not harm the reputation of the prosecution authorities and their employees.
- Unity principle. The name speaks for itself. It ensures the unity of all prosecution bodies that make up the general system, guided in its activities by the fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation.
- The principle of non-partisanship of prosecutors. This rule means that employees are prohibited from being members of political organizations.
The main function of the prosecution authorities
The main functions of the prosecutor's office and the main principle of the existence of this body is the supervision of the implementation of existing legislation. What does it mean? Supervision includes control of: the investigating authorities, representatives of the preliminary investigation and other institutions. The responsibilities of the controlled organizations include the implementation and application of coercive measures appointed by the relevant authorities. Also under supervision is the observance of human freedoms and rights. Control is also carried out over the actions of the operational-investigative bodies. After all, they should not be contrary to the law.
Carrying out supervisory activities, the prosecutor's office has the right to adopt acts of response. They are legal informational. Protesting an illegal normative legal act, the prosecutor's office demands that the governing body that made this decision take the necessary actions on the merits of the violations it established and the circumstances that contributed to them.
Other functions
The functions of the prosecutor's office include: consideration of complaints, applications, as well as other appeals containing information about a violation of the law; criminal prosecution and law oversight preliminary investigation and inquiry. In court proceedings, the representative of the institution in question is responsible for supporting the public prosecution. The prosecution is carried out by the prosecution in order to identify the person who committed the crime.
Thus, the regulation of the fight against crime is ensured. law enforcement agencies. For this prosecutor organizes coordination meetings, working groups, seeks information, etc. An employee of the body participates in the administration of justice, that is, appears in court, sends representations to higher authorities.
He is involved in the law-making process by putting forward proposals on the abolition, addition, adoption or amendment of regulatory legal acts (orders, directions, instructions, provisions, instructions). Simply put, there is a coordinated interaction of law enforcement government agencies with prosecution authorities and their work is monitored. The functions of the prosecutor's office also include involvement in publishing. It is about the release of special literature.
Functions of the Prosecutor General
The following tasks are included in the main functions of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation, which are within the competence of the general body.
- Supervision.
- Collaboration with states, international organizations and other bodies.
- Establishing contacts with the above institutions.
- The adoption of agreements facilitating the provision of legal assistance and the fight against crime.
- Issue of certain publications.
- Assisting in the development of international treaties and other legal acts.
- Operational management objects of economic and social purpose held by the General Prosecutor's Office.
Functions of the prosecutor in criminal proceedings
The prosecutor is an official. His competence includes criminal prosecution, supervision of procedural actions and maintenance of charges in court.
Conditionally, the functions of the prosecutor's office can be divided into two independent branches. What are they? These are the functions of prosecutorial activity in criminal proceedings. AT preliminary investigation - supervision of the initiation and investigation of the case, the subsequent prosecution. The second part of the task is to participate in the trial. The prosecution is supported and a petition is filed with a higher authority in order to supervise the decision of a lower authority.
Duties
The duties of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation include the consideration of communications, applications and complaints about the violation of human freedoms and rights. All types of applications must be submitted in writing. All of them are considered within the time period established by law. After that, the applicant receives a response with the result of the verification. Employees of the body in question should explain to victims the procedure for protecting their interests and rights.
The duties of the prosecutor's office include the implementation of preventive measures and the prevention of possible violations, compensation for damage and criminal prosecution of those people who have violated the law. Also, this body exercises control over the activities of territorial and specialized prosecutors; coordinates the fight against crime; conducts examinations of legal acts in order to identify corruption factors.
Restrictions and prohibitions for prosecutors
The basic principles, duties, functions of the prosecutor's office and its employees are supplemented by restrictions and prohibitions in relation to them. Consider them.
- Prosecutors do not have the right to be members of various public associations created for political purposes.
- Engage in other paid or non-profitable activities simultaneously with the main job (with the exception of teaching, creative and scientific).