In the legislation of the Russian Federation, the concept of “internship” is mentioned in article 59 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter - the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), which is devoted to a fixed-term employment contract (hereinafter - TD). Consider its meaning.
The explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language give three definitions of this word. Internship is a person’s activity aimed at acquiring the necessary work experience, mastering the skills of a new profession that does not require special training.
The second value is related to trial period. An internship is a job in a specialty for some time with the possibility of subsequent admission to the state. She is also called a probationary period.
The third meaning: internship is a person’s activity aimed at improving professional qualifications in their specialty. Consider its classification.
Types of internships
They are divided into two groups. These are working internships and training. The former are aimed at obtaining a job, the latter are aimed at gaining practical skills.
Also, internships can be classified according to some criteria, for example:
- Voluntary and binding. The latter are most often found in universities when obtaining specialties that require practical skills. Sometimes it happens that an internship is optional (archaeological practice in a pedagogical university).
- Paid and unpaid. If the internship is related to the probationary period of an employee in a new workplace, then it is paid. If this is a student’s educational practice, then, as a rule, it is not rewarded in cash. But the future specialist gets new skills that he will need during employment.
- By area of specialization: pedagogical, archaeological, technological, financial, etc.
- The internship can be quarterly (spring, summer, autumn, winter), semi-annual (winter, summer).
- Internal and external: in the country of residence and international. The best students are sent abroad to practice student exchange.
Work internship
It is aimed not only at gaining knowledge and experience, but also at the subsequent registration of the intern in the state. For the employer, such an internship is a good way to identify the best applicant who is most suitable for the employee's role in his organization. This activity is paid and executed by the parties in the form of a fixed-term employment contract with an appropriate entry in the work book.
Internship Duration
Working hours may vary depending on the specific conditions of the activity. For example, the internship period is from 3 to 10 days, if it is carried out at the workplace. The time required for training is not included. When undertaking an internship from a university under a student agreement in the production period, the term is determined by the employer, the host party.
When concluding a standard TD with a trial period, this activity can last no more than three months in accordance with Article 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Internships for applicants for leadership positions can take up to six months. If the employee is not satisfied with the working conditions provided for him or the employer is not satisfied with the employee’s work on a trial period, then both the employer and the employee are entitled to terminate the earlier fixed-term labor contract. In this case, each side must comply with certain conditions.The employee must notify the employer in writing in the form of an application of his decision in three days, and the employer must issue an appropriate order with documentary reasons (the employee has the right not to write the reason).
Before embarking on an independent activity, the trainee is instructed in safety regulations, studies his job descriptions. He also learns to work on certain equipment, machines, equipment.
This is the internship. However, not all beginners quickly learn new knowledge. If the intern does not master the necessary skills, then the internship is extended by issuing a new order.
Working hours
The number of working hours per day or shifts per week is also determined by the employer. Moreover, the new employee has the rights of the employee, as enshrined in Articles 91-99 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which the receiving party is not entitled to violate.
Internship payment
The amount of remuneration is set directly by the employer. For the duration of the fixed-term employment contract in accordance with Article 59 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, it must not be less than the amount of the subsistence minimum, provided that the trainee works out full time. At the same time, employers do not appoint trainees wages close to the level of permanent employees. Payment for this activity is not made in the case of internships by students sent by universities and other educational institutions.
End of internship
Students after practical training write a report and, if necessary, term paper. Among the trainees with a possible subsequent transfer to the state, the best are selected. They get not only skills, but also a permanent job.
If the internship was related to the probationary period at a new job, then the employee is tested. Has he learned everything, does he know his job responsibilities, can he perform them independently. If an employee has mastered all the necessary skills before the end of the trial period, the employer can reduce this period.
What gives an internship to students?
For them, this is a great opportunity to see the world, if this is an international internship. To establish itself as a good, reliable and promising young employee. Participate in various projects, engage in activities that are far from the specialty obtained in the educational institution. Or vice versa: get the necessary “live” experience, skills in your future profession. During the internship, accelerated professional and personal development takes place, which is important in today's rapidly developing world.
Student Benefits
- Valuable experience, new skills.
- After the internship, the student can understand whether he likes his specialty or not. More than half of the students, even in the fourth year of study, do not know exactly what they want to do in life.
- Working day the intern is much shorter than that of a full-time employee. But he is also involved in the process.
- During the internship, you can acquire various useful connections that can help in future employment (as a rule, two out of ten interns after receiving a university diploma come for an interview after an internship).
- A student may be paid for such activities.
Nowadays, many companies are developing internship programs. This allows the employer to temporarily "rejuvenate" their team. Internship programs allow companies to avoid stagnation in employee ideas.
There are a huge number of recruitment agencies specializing in temporary workers (for example, Ankor). Many public organizations, both Russian and international, have internship programs (for example, the well-known international organization AISIEC, the Krasnoyarsk organization Interra).
