One of the tasks of the rule of law is to maximize the protection of the rights and interests of its citizens in all areas. To this end, various state institutions and organizations are being created.
Concept of deposit insurance
In the field of interaction of banks with the population regarding the opening of deposits, the Agency performs regulatory functions deposit insurance (DIA). It is it that deals with issues of reimbursement in the event of a bank collapse.
The main goal of the DIA is to reimburse the losses of depositors of credit organizations included in the list of banks included in deposit insurance system. To get on this list, credit organizations are required to deduct insurance premiums.
Procedure for calculating contributions
Initially, equal deductions to the DIA were established for all credit organizations. However, in 2015, it was decided to increase the standards for banks that offer higher deposit rates. Since the beginning of 2016, the amount of deductions is calculated at all based on the financial stability of the organization.
All of these measures are being taken to counteract untrustworthy structures that balance on the brink of bankruptcy. They significantly increase deposit rates, trying to attract maximum funds from the population. At the same time, depositors' money is at high risk. Now, such organizations will have to pay large amounts to get into the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system.
What types of deposits are not insured?
There is a list of deposits that do not fall under state protection. And this rule applies regardless of who is selected as a counterparty: banks with or without state deposit insurance. Such deposits include:
- depersonalized accounts opened in metals;
- deposits of individual entrepreneurs, as well as their settlement accounts;
- funds held by the bank in trust;
- deposits opened in branches of foreign banks;
- bearer deposits.
Are there banks whose deposits are not insured?
It is legally determined that only banks that have a license for this type of activity and also participate in deposit insurance can offer services of concluding deposit agreements. That is, theoretically, investors have nothing to worry about.
In practice, in Russia, a huge number of credit organizations are registered, including regional ones. Keep track of all the Central Bank is not always able to. There are often cases when dishonest managers of financial institutions violate the rules of deposit insurance. This may entail the risk of loss of funds.
That is why there is a so-called list of banks that are not included in the deposit insurance system. It includes those credit organizations whose license has been revoked or a moratorium has been imposed on their activities. To date, this list includes more than 160 banks. A complete list can be found on the Agency’s website. Recently, Intercommerce LLC, Odintsl Investment Bank for Economic Development of the Central Region, Tuvacredit, Investment Capital, and many others were included in this register. The list of banks excluded from the deposit insurance registry is regularly updated.
How to check whether deposits are insured in a particular bank?
When opening a deposit, it is important to make sure that the banks selected for this are participants in the deposit insurance system. Rating can tell a lot.Credit institutions, which are in the first positions, can rarely be suspected of refusing to insure deposits.
To date, the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system includes 842 credit organizations. The largest of them are: Sberbank of Russia, VTB, Gazprombank.
However, interest rates on deposits in such institutions are often negligible. So investors have to take risks, choosing between the profitability of the deposit and the reliability of the bank. In any case, even before the conclusion of the contract, it should be clarified whether deposits are insured with a credit institution. There are several ways to do this:
- We go to the official website of the DIA. Here is a complete list of banks included in the deposit insurance system, as well as a list of credit organizations for which the insured event occurred.
- Such information is presented on the website of the Central Bank, it is enough to enter the name of the bank in the search bar (part can be), and you will receive full information about it.
- DIA organized a hotline 8-800-200-08-05. A call within the country for this number is free.
If at least one of these options has helped you make sure that the credit institution is included in the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system, you can sign a deposit agreement with it for up to 1.4 million rubles. True, several important rules should be followed.
Tips for those who decide to open a contribution
After making sure that deposits are insured in the selected bank, you need to take a number of measures:
- Check what type of deposit you make. Not all deposits are insured.
- Remember that the amount insured does not exceed 1.4 million rubles. Therefore, if you decide to invest a large amount, divide it between several organizations that are included in the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system.
- Carefully check all the personal data entered into the contract, make sure that the bank employee did not make mistakes when filling out them.
- If you change any information about you, try to inform the bank in a timely manner.
It is important to ensure that the current postal address is entered in the contract. It is on this basis that the DIA sends out notifications when a license is revoked from a bank.
How to receive the money
In case of revocation of a banking license, information about this is posted on the website of the Central Bank of Russia. Usually the very next day she appears on the official website of the DIA.
Then, a competition is held within two to three days, the result of which is the choice of the bank, which will be the agent for insurance payments. After that, the provisional administration of the collapsed credit institution sends the register to the insurance agency. It reflects the obligations of the bankrupt institution to investors.
DIA has a week to publish information about where, when and in what form applications from depositors of a collapsed credit institution will be accepted, which has been included in the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system. In addition, this information is necessarily published in the official publication of the Bank of Russia - Vestnik. Formal letters are sent to all depositors, information on which is available in the register. Payments begin fourteen days after the occurrence of the insured event.
In order to receive compensation for an insured event, the depositor must contact the bank, which is appointed as the payment agent. This can be done until the end of bankruptcy (that is, within 18-24 months).
But even if the deadline is missed, you can try to contact the DIA. In some cases, they pay after the expiration of the limitation period.
Documents required to receive a refund
In order to receive insurance compensation, the depositor is obliged to submit to the credit organization dealing with payments a minimum of documents that are enshrined in the law on the deposit insurance system.The list of banks performing the functions of an agent in each particular insurance case, as well as their addresses if they do not receive official notification, can be clarified in the DIA.
Usually the main documents are passport and application. The application form must be issued to the agent bank. In addition, it can be downloaded on the Agency’s website.
In the event that the representative of the depositor applies for compensation, a notarized power of attorney will be required. This should be taken care of in advance.
There is a possibility of personal submission of documents to the agent bank, or they can be sent by mail. Based on the documents submitted, the depositor receives an extract from the registry, which reflects the obligations of the collapsed bank to him. The statement must indicate the amount to be refunded.
Payment Nuances
Compensation may be paid in cash or in non-cash form. The former investor independently chooses the method of receiving funds. He indicates it in a statement drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the deposit insurance system. The list of banks where the payment will be made can be clarified by any contacts of the Agency.
It is important to understand that in cases where the deposit was opened in foreign currency, payment is made in rubles. At the same time, for the purpose of calculation, the Central Bank takes the rate on the date when the license was withdrawn from a credit institution included in the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system.
The maximum amount that a depositor can receive as insurance compensation is 1.4 million rubles. However, if a deposit agreement was concluded for a large amount, the depositor has the right to submit claims to the bankrupt bank for the difference between the deposit amount and the one received as compensation. This requirement can be satisfied in order of priority if the assets of a collapsed credit institution are sufficient for this.
Thus, do not be afraid to open deposits. Knowledge of laws and some nuances will help not only to save, but also to increase funds.
