Unemployment is growing. In 2012–2013 it recorded a record low average level in our country over the past 13 years - 5.5% (in 2009, by comparison - 8.3%). Since then, the picture has only worsened. According to some experts, official statistics underestimate the actual data by 1.5-2 times.
What to do to the one who was left without work? Is he entitled to any allowance? When to go to the labor exchange? How long can I be registered there? What are needed documents for the labor exchange? Let's try to figure it all out. This article discusses what you need to know when registering at the employment center (the labor exchange is officially called), and what opportunities it provides. It seems that this information will be useful to anyone - because no one is safe from job loss these days.
What to do when not employed?
So, you were left without work. Your first step is to register with the official body of employment (as before - the labor exchange) of the area where you are registered (registered). They can not only help with work, but also send them to learn a new profession or give the opportunity to improve their qualifications, and also free of charge. But first things first.
Note - the fact of registration at the employment center does not deprive you of the right to simultaneously look for work and independently apply to any recruitment agencies or respond to published vacancies.
Labor exchanges are available in any major city in Russia. State-owned enterprises report on the available vacancies in the first place there. However, commercial organizations do not refuse to search for employees on such exchanges.
The reason for this is that many young specialists who have no initial experience and are ready to work for little money turn to employment centers. You can also find really valuable experienced workers laid off to reduce staff there.
Who should go there?
Everyone who has reached the age of eighteen years has the right to register at the employment center (at the labor exchange). There are chances of employment for adolescents who are already fourteen. Their problems are dealt with by special departments (youth), responsible for temporary work and vacancies for which professional skills are not needed.
Do not forget about alternative options - job search through posting resumes on various sites on the Internet, viewing newspapers and magazines with job advertisements, help from relatives and friends.
Labor exchange: what documents are needed
So, you intend to register as unemployed. Where to begin? What documents are needed for the labor exchange? When exactly to go there?
Let's start with the main thing: what documents are needed for entering the labor exchange. The list of them is not so long and includes the necessary minimum. The main thing is that the prerequisite is met - your current lack of work. This moment regulates the employment of the population, according to it you can get unemployed status only if you do not have a workplace (and, accordingly, earnings), are registered in the employment center, are looking for work and you can start working at any time.
It is precisely these citizens who are entitled to state guarantees - assistance in finding a job and the payment of funds before employment. If you can without hesitation refer yourself to this category, then specify what documents are needed in order to enter the labor exchange for you. It depends on your status.Who are you - a young specialist looking for work for the first time, fired for reduction staff member or mom on maternity leave?
Labor exchange and necessary documents
In the general case, their specific set is necessary, including:
- Labor book.
- Certificate of average salary for 3 months of work preceding dismissal. It should be noted that none of this is required for someone who is looking for work for the first time.
- Certificate of tax registration.
- Passport.
- Education Documents. And take with you not only a diploma of a vocational education institution, but also a certificate of completed general education. Existing training will serve as the main criterion for finding a suitable job.
And besides?
And what documents are needed to register with the employment center? To apply for unemployment benefits, you may be required to provide an extract from your personal account. In this case, we are talking about the individual personal account of the insured person. If you belong to categories of disabled people An individual rehabilitation program will be required.
Those who first encountered the question of what documents are needed for the labor exchange should be aware that the required certificate of average monthly earnings is not the same as the standard 2-NDFL certificate. A separate form is provided for it. You can familiarize yourself with it before joining the labor exchange. The list of documents and the necessary samples, as a rule, are available in all regional branches of the work center.
Arriving directly at the labor exchange, you fill out an application form for the provision of public services, which is considered assistance in finding a job. And even you can arrange it at home in a relaxed atmosphere by downloading the form from the TsZN website.
This is the whole list of documents. As you can see, the question of what documents are needed to get on the labor exchange is not at all complicated. We now turn to the money moment.
Who should be?
Unemployment benefits (more precisely, its size) depends on the date of dismissal and the conditions of the last work - whether you worked full time or not. After the termination of employment, you must visit the employment center up to 14 days (calendar) from the date of dismissal.
During the first year of registration on the exchange as an unemployed, you can apply for benefits in the amount of 75% of the average monthly earnings indicated in the certificate - during the first three months, 60% - in the next four and 45% - in the remaining five. This amount must not exceed the established maximum. In 2014, for example, it amounted to 4900 rubles. So, even having a good income before leaving, you can’t get more than the indicated amount.
At the same time, unemployment benefits cannot be less than the official minimum. In the same 2014, it amounted to 850 rubles. You will receive the same amount if you have not previously worked or a break in seniority for more than a year.
The same minimum allowance is granted to those who are fired "under the article" (for example, for violation of labor discipline). Or (regardless of the reason for dismissal) those who left work within 12 months before applying to the work center and who worked for less than 26 weeks.
Can unemployment benefits be reduced?
Its size is subject to reduction by 25% (up to a month) if the applicant fails to appear without good reason to the employer for the purpose of employment within three days after receiving a referral from the employment center, or refusing to appear in the employment service for such a referral.
Is there a deadline for jobless status? How long can I be registered? Russian law states that this period is unlimited. Only the periods when the allowance will be paid are regulated.
Each of them cannot be in the amount of more than 12 full months for 1.5 years (18 months).
When is an unemployed person deregistered?
This occurs in one of the following cases:
- employment;
- completion of training in the profession (or advanced training courses) in the direction of the employment center at which a scholarship was paid;
- prolonged failure to appear (over a month) in the employment service for a disrespectful reason;
- change of residence to another region;
- attempt to obtain benefits by deception;
- conviction of the unemployed with imprisonment or the appointment of correctional labor;
- assignment of a pension to him.
The payment of benefits may be suspended for a period of up to 3 months in the event of a double refusal of the person receiving the job offered by the employment agency.
What should the unemployed avoid
If you are registered at an employment center, a number of your actions may lead to a suspension of payment of benefits for a period of three months. What are these actions? These are:
- your refusal of public works paid from the budget if more than 3 months have passed since the registration;
- refusal to apply for training from the employment center at the same time if you have not previously worked and do not have qualifications or you have had a break in employment for more than a year;
- appearing on re-registration while intoxicated (or “under drugs”);
- unreasonable violation of the terms and conditions of re-registration as unemployed.
What are the advantages of jobless status?
The employment center will help you in your search for work and will pay benefits. Knowing what documents are needed for placement on the labor exchange, like any other useful information, will facilitate the search for work and shorten this difficult period. In addition, you have the right to consult (free of charge), the same gratuitous receipt of the information you need for choosing a professional sphere, services for assistance in career guidance.
In addition, assistance in moving to another locality for employment, and, importantly for many of us, psychological support.
And most importantly - the training of a profession and additional education (advanced training) in the direction of the employment center - also completely free.
This is especially true for those who have lost their jobs to reduce staffing or dismissal. These advantages are also important for young professionals who have recently graduated from a technical school or university. Indeed, many companies often refuse to deal with candidates without work experience, so yesterday's students have a particularly difficult time.
Now, armed with information about what documents are needed for the labor exchange and how the registration procedure is going on, you will be able to quickly and successfully solve issues related to this most urgent problem - employment.
