Once again, the crisis rather hard hit the population of our country. Every month, the number of unemployed is becoming more and more. Many of them have a question about the need to register. The same questions arise: “What documents are needed for the labor exchange?” And “How much do they pay on the labor exchange?” We will tell you more about this.
What is unemployment benefit?
Unemployment benefits are temporary payments transferred to citizens registered with a regional employment center.
Most people do not become unemployed on purpose, but because "the circumstances have developed." Therefore, during the search for a new job, so as not to leave citizens without a livelihood, the state supports them financially by paying unemployment benefits. The labor exchange at the place of residence is, so to say, an intermediary in the provision of such assistance.
Who can count on payouts?
Many people confuse the allowance on the labor exchange with a state subsidy. This is a misconception. This assistance does not apply to social benefits. It is not indexed.
Our country has a specific law. It is he who determines their size. This takes into account the salary that a citizen received at a previous job. In addition, the legislation establishes the minimum and maximum benefits. At the moment it is 850 rubles and 4900 rubles, respectively. The average amount of payments in Russia is about 2700 rubles.
A person may register with the labor exchange and apply for benefits to the employment center if:
- he does not work and has no other income;
- he is not registered as an entrepreneur;
- he is not a founder;
- he is not a full-time student;
- he does not receive a pension based on age or length of service.
The official number of unemployed is much different from the real situation. The problem is that most people are in no hurry to register at the employment center and register. A person wants to get not only a good position, but also a good allowance at the time of her search.
Unfortunately, in Russia no labor exchange can provide this. Moscow, for example, is ready to provide work for about 135 thousand people. Of these, only 30% are vacancies with decent pay. The remaining 70% are jobs with a minimum salary. And the amount of benefits received is only enough for two trips to the grocery store. The dragging paper for collecting all kinds of papers also contributed to the reluctance to become one of the officially recognized unemployed.
What documents are needed for the labor exchange will be described below. In many respects, the list depends on whether a person has worked before or this is his first attempt to go to work.
Registration of a citizen who has never worked or is looking for work after a long break
What documents are needed for the labor exchange? If a person has never worked, has no profession, then in order to receive official unemployed status, he needs to bring the following documents:
- passport of the Russian Federation;
- education document;
Persons with disabilities will need to provide an individual rehabilitation program.
You may also need a document on temporary registration at the place of stay. In 2014, changes were made to obtain the status of unemployed at the place of residence. Previously, it was possible to register only at the place of registration.
What documents are needed for the labor exchange for registration?
In general, registering for unemployment is not so difficult if you approach this with knowledge. The necessary documents for the labor exchange and provide them on time. Then there will be no red tape and negativity either on the part of the applicant or on the part of the exchange employees. Here is a list of documents for the labor exchange:
- Application form for the provision of assistance services in finding a suitable job. It must be filled in personally, in a legible underscore, in Russian and certified by the personal signature of the applicant.
- Passport of the Russian Federation or a document replacing it. If the document is in a foreign language, it must be translated. The correctness of the Russian text and the authenticity of the translator's signature must be notarized.
- Work record or document replacing it. For example, an employment contract, a civil law contract, a service contract.
- A diploma or any other document certifying a professional qualification. If there are none, a document on education (certificate) should be submitted.
- Certificate of average wages for the last three months.
Disabled citizens must be provided with an individual rehabilitation program.
How to confirm the amount of wages at a previous job?
Usually, from the entire list needed to be provided at the employment center, most often difficulties arise with a certificate of average wage.
Therefore, if you know that a reduction is expected, it is better to immediately contact the labor exchange, take the form you need and ask the staff how to fill it out correctly. Take the document to the accounts department of your organization and check the correctness of its filling. Accountants, unfortunately, very often make mistakes. In the meantime, the certificate for the labor exchange will not meet all the requirements, you will not be registered, and accordingly, you will lose your money.
At the same time, even if you are in the status of unemployed, no benefits will be paid for three months after the dismissal. By law, they rely only on the fourth.
Typical errors when applying for a salary certificate. What you need to know in order not to lose your time?
The labor exchange at the place of residence does not establish strict requirements for the one on whose form the certificate will be issued, but there is a prerequisite: the legal address and TIN of the employing organization must be indicated on the stamp, on the letterhead. But some accountants print out a document that does not contain company data and its details. This threatens the former employee with a waste of personal time, energy and nerve. We’ll have to turn to the accounting department again, since an incorrectly filled out certificate at the employment center will not be accepted.
It should contain information covering only the year preceding the dismissal. Usually a similar filling error is encountered by people who have worked in the previous organization for more than a year. There are certain rules that clearly define what data should be reflected in the document. For example, if an employee was fired from December 1, 2014, it should be indicated how many weeks he worked since December 1, 2013, and what salary he received during this period. That is, the maximum in the column on the number of worked weeks can be 52. If the number is more, at least one unit is an error, because of which it will be necessary to redo the document.
The certificate must have two signatures: the general director and the chief accountant. The absence of one of them is most often found on documents of branches, medium and small enterprises. As a rule, in these organizations one person occupies two positions. In this case, the same signature will be in both columns, but the post of chief accountant should be accompanied by an “acting”, which stands for “acting”.
Maximum and minimum payouts
An amount equal to the maximum amount of benefits can only be received by citizens who have worked for more than 26 weeks before registering for a year.
The minimum payment is the payment received by citizens who have never worked before, who have a long break in work (more than a year), who were dismissed under the article, aimed at retraining and expelled from there for absenteeism or misconduct.
How much do they pay at the labor exchange? As previously written, at the moment the minimum and maximum sizes are 850 and 4900 rubles, respectively.
The amount of benefits accrued to citizens who have worked more than 26 weeks
Monthly dismissed citizens are transferred an amount equal to the percentage of the average monthly wage calculated over the past three months. The only limitation: the benefit cannot be greater than the maximum unemployment benefit.
How much do they pay at the labor exchange? After registration in the first three months, an amount equal to 75% of earnings is paid. The next four months - 60%, then - 45%. If you have not found a job within 12 months, you have the right to extend the right to receive unemployment benefits.
Over the next twelve months, the unemployed will receive an amount equal to the ratio of the minimum amount of benefits to the size of the district coefficient.
In some regions, a small amount is paid by the labor exchange. Moscow, for example, pays a small allowance to its applicants as compensation for transportation costs.
The size of payments to citizens seeking a job for the first time
The amount of benefits for applicants who have been laid off under an article who have worked in the previous place for less than 26 weeks, the interval between the last job and the registration of which is more than a year, is equal to the benefits of a citizen who has never worked before.
In all these cases, the person will receive a minimum size. In some areas of our country there are district coefficient which is not much, but increases the amount of payments.
Features of obtaining benefits for citizens who have been reduced from a previous job
Registration at the labor exchange of citizens, laid off to reduce has its own characteristics. Their knowledge will help to avoid many problems in the future, save your time and nerves. After a reduction from a previous job, a now unemployed citizen must register for fourteen days. If you do this later, nothing terrible, of course, will happen, but such a delay will cost him a monthly salary.
What documents are needed for the labor exchange in order to get an employee who has been shortened from his last place of work, and in what terms should they be submitted? An employer who has reduced an employee under the labor legislation of our country, after dismissal, must pay him compensation in the amount of a two-month salary.
If a person cannot find work in the next two months, also for the third. But this is not so simple. The third wage is paid only on the basis of a certificate that the employee must provide to the accounting department of his former organization from the employment center, in which he was registered. But if he submitted the documents later than fourteen days after the dismissal, he will not be given such a certificate. Just do not have the right.
Is an increase in maximum benefits expected?
This issue has long been of interest to the inhabitants of our country. The last increase in unemployment benefits was made in 2009. It was then that the minimum and maximum amount of payments was set in the amount that we are receiving now.
Experts predict that in the near future, increase is also not expected. The law will not be signed, as the number of vacancies increases significantly annually. Therefore, the increase is pointless.
Assume that shifts in the direction of increasing benefits will be in 2020. It is then that the amount of payments can be changed several times.
