General industrial safety requirements. License of Rostekhnadzor

The fundamentals of industrial safety include regulatory requirements that are mandatory for all entities engaged in certain manufacturing sectors. The rules are aimed at preventing accidents, accidents, as well as ensuring the readiness of enterprises to localize and eliminate the consequences of disasters. If the prescribed requirements are not followed, the guilty officials are held accountable. Let us consider in detail the basics of industrial safety.

Scope of application

General industrial safety requirements are used in the design, expansion, operation, technical re-equipment, reconstruction, liquidation and conservation of a specific list of production enterprises. The list includes organizations whose work has a negative impact on the health of citizens and the environment. General industrial safety requirements also apply when:

1. Transporting harmful / toxic compounds.
2. Geological exploration and surveying, including additional exploration of deposits.
3. Organization of gas, mountain rescue, anti-fountain and other activities aimed at the localization, prevention and elimination of technological disasters.
4. Design, commissioning, installation, maintenance, operation, repair of equipment operating at overpressure (more than 0.07 megapascals) or t heating water more than 115 degrees, as well as lifting structures, elevators, pipe layers, funiculars, cable cars, towers, escalators and other facilities, the registration of which is carried out by Rostekhnadzor.

General requirements for industrial safety are mandatory for use in the installation, manufacture, repair, maintenance of technical devices used at the OPO.

List of enterprises

The established regulatory requirements are mandatory for organizations operating hazardous industrial facilities involved in:

1. Mineral processing and mining, including coal, non-ferrous and ferrous metal ores, oil shale.
2. Production, storage, use of explosive materials.
3. The construction of metro stations.

The list also includes objects:

1. Special underground, mine, hydraulic engineering construction
2. Placed in mining workings of collector and transport tunnels.
3. Gas, oil and refining, petrochemical and chemical industries, petroleum products, pipeline trunk transport of flammable liquids and gas transport.
4. Storage, preparation, use of explosive or toxic compounds. These include, but are not limited to, hydrogen, ammonia, chlorine, flammable liquids, and hydrocarbon gases.
5. For the production of steel, cast iron, pipes, rolled metal, iron ore, refractories, ferroalloys, semiconductor materials, metal powders and powders, coke, products of coke production, gas facilities, air separation, etc.
6. Waste storage of industrial enterprises. These include rock dumps, stockpiles, etc.
7. Gas supply to liquefied and natural hydrocarbon gases that are used as fuel.
8. Storage and processing of grain.

Prescriptions for organizations

Regulatory acts establish certain types of activities in the field of industrial safety. Enterprises operating in this area are required to provide:

1. Fulfillment of the requirements enshrined in federal law and other regulatory, including technical documents, adopted and approved in the prescribed manner.
2. Compliance with the rules of OT.
3. Fulfillment of the instructions and orders of Rostekhnadzor, its territorial divisions and officials, given within their competence.
4. The presence of regulatory, including technical documentation. In it, among other things, the general requirements should be established industrial safety at the enterprise.

Internal control

To ensure compliance:

1. The responsibilities of the management for the implementation of the rules are established.
2. An organization’s industrial safety policy is being developed and implemented.
3. Responsibilities and responsibilities are distributed between the heads of the enterprise, structural divisions and employees.

The organization must have normative documentation, as well as guidelines for it.

Permissions

The Rostekhnadzor license is issued in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Law No. 128 and government regulations. Permission must be obtained if organizations carry out:

1. Operation of pipelines, gas networks, oil and gas production.
2. Examination of industrial facilities.
3. Mine surveying work.

The document is issued in accordance with government decree No. 382 of 04/04/2002. Rostekhnadzor license is obligatory for enterprises:

1. Operating production facilities where open and underground mining operations are carried out for the processing and mining of minerals capable of self-ignition.
2. Functioning at other facilities where fire hazardous technologies are used. However, their work may not be related to mining and mineral processing.

A permissive document is issued to these organizations by government decree No. 595 of 08/14/2002. The license must be obtained by enterprises engaged in the storage and production, distribution and use of materials used in blasting operations, for research and other purposes not prohibited by law. A document is issued to these organizations in accordance with government decree No. 468 of June 26, 2002.

Design PO

An industrial safety audit includes ensuring quality control of documentation and conducting author support during construction. In the process of developing projects for reconstruction, expansion, construction, technical re-equipment, liquidation and conservation, the relevant sections prescribe measures aimed at preventing accidents, eliminating their consequences with the necessary calculations and justifications. When forming their list, risk factors, sources of threats, conditions for the occurrence of disasters and their expected scenarios, the number and specifics of the placement of personnel in the production are taken into account.

In addition, seismicity, landslide and other phenomena are taken into account. After development, as well as changes / additions to it, the project is subject to examination. The opinion is reviewed and approved in the manner prescribed by the authorized control authority. The customer or the person representing his interests has the right to provide initial information for the development of the project to Rostekhnadzor. They are considered by the authorized control authority for compliance with the requirements established in the Federal Law and other regulatory documents, scientific achievements in the field of new materials, equipment and technological processes.

Building

The decision to start the construction of the facility can be made in the presence of a positive act of examination of design documentation.A similar rule applies with respect to reconstruction, expansion, technical re-equipment, liquidation, conservation of public utilities. During construction, deviation from design documents is prohibited. In the course of work, quality control should be ensured. In addition, supervision of the state of the technical means of installation and construction is established. Upon completion of the activities on the construction of the POE acceptance is carried out. In the process of this procedure are performed:

1. Monitoring the compliance of work performed with design decisions.
2. Tests of technical equipment and tools to prevent accidents and eliminate their consequences.
3. Monitoring the preparedness of emergency services and personnel for activities to localize and eliminate the likely consequences of alleged technological disasters.

To carry out commissioning, it is necessary to develop separate documentation. It should include appropriate security measures. Measures for the elimination or conservation of public health facilities are carried out in accordance with developed plans. They should also include provisions aimed at ensuring the implementation of design decisions in the field of industrial safety.

OPO operation

An enterprise using a hazardous facility must comply with the rules provided for by legal and technical regulations. The responsibilities of the organization include the provision of information necessary for the registration of the POO in the State Register. People with the appropriate qualifications who do not have medical contraindications to its implementation are allowed to work at the enterprise. The company's management should ensure the availability and operation of the necessary systems and instruments for controlling processes in the production. In cases provided for by law and other regulatory acts, the organization shall develop a declaration of industrial safety.

Key events

The company is obliged to conclude a risk insurance contract in case of damage during the operation of the public utilities. The management should provide a system for the protection of the territory in order to avoid the penetration of unauthorized entities. The responsibilities of the administration include organization and implementation production control processes in accordance with the Rules approved by government decree No. 263 of 03/10/1999. The management of the enterprise or its authorized persons enter into service agreements with professional emergency and rescue services. In cases provided for by law, the organization forms its own unit of employees. The enterprise must have reserves of material and financial resources for the elimination and localization of accidents. Management responsibilities also include training. General industrial safety requirements are communicated to all personnel through appropriate briefings.

Technical devices

Devices and installations used at the OPO should be manufactured by enterprises equipped with the necessary materials and having staff of appropriate qualifications. The production of technical devices is carried out according to the design (project) documentation, which takes into account the achievements of science, as well as the rules under consideration. Devices and systems are used at the enterprise in the manner defined by the Rules approved by government decree No. 1540 of December 25, 1998. In the accompanying (technical) documentation, the manufacturer, including foreign ones, or the supplier must indicate the requirements and conditions for the safe use of devices, the methodology for monitoring tests, life and resource, measures for diagnosis and repair. Throughout the entire period of their useful use, devices and systems are subject to maintenance.

PB certification

It is carried out by specially created commissions.Their formation can be carried out both at the enterprise itself and in the territorial divisions of Rostekhnadzor. In the first case, the corresponding order of the head of the organization is issued. Certification of industrial safety includes the control of knowledge by the administration and personnel of the requirements established by federal law and other regulatory acts. This procedure is preceded by preparation. It is conducted according to the appropriate curriculum approved by the enterprise management and agreed with the state control authority or its territorial division. The training and certification of industrial safety for specialists in basic professions is carried out in accordance with the procedure established by resolution No. 14 of 04/12/2001. Special rules have been approved for certain categories of workers (welders and welding production personnel, blasting personnel, etc.).

Expertise

It is carried out in relation to project documentation for the construction, reconstruction, expansion, technical re-equipment, liquidation, conservation of industrial facilities, technical devices used at the enterprise, as well as structures and buildings, declarations and other acts. The procedure is carried out in accordance with the rules defined by Rostekhnadzor, as well as organizations that have the appropriate license. Financing is carried out at the expense of the customer (organization operating OPO). During the examination, an assessment is made of the compliance of the facility with the requirements of regulatory, including technical documents. The conclusion is provided to the state control authority by the organization that carried out the procedure, or by the customer. The act is approved by Rostekhnadzor according to the rules provided by it.